A reference handbook of the medical sciences, embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . tionedis voluntary convergence of the eyes to a point sus-pended. These conditions may be understood byreference to Fig. 1U29. A very extreme contraction of the pupils is men-tioned as a symptom in cases of sudden lesion of thepons. It has not been explained. Paralysis of the facial muscles is very common,but is usually due to lesions in the nerve outside of thepons. The symptoms which are produced when thefacial nerve root or its nucleus is invaded in the pons,res
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A reference handbook of the medical sciences, embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . tionedis voluntary convergence of the eyes to a point sus-pended. These conditions may be understood byreference to Fig. 1U29. A very extreme contraction of the pupils is men-tioned as a symptom in cases of sudden lesion of thepons. It has not been explained. Paralysis of the facial muscles is very common, but is usually due to lesions in the nerve outside of thepons. The symptoms which are produced when thefacial nerve root or its nucleus is invaded in the pons, resemble those of Bells palsj; for all the facialmuscles are affected, and an atrophy with reaction ofdegeneration ensues. The situation of the lesion inthe pons can be determined only when other symp-toms of pons disease, such as alternating paralysis(Fig. lOlS), are present. Paralysis of the motor portion of the glosso-pharyn-geal aerve, with dysphagia or difficulty of swallowing, is a not infrequent symptom of pons disease. Itoccurs after sudden lesions, such as hemorrhage orembolism, also as the result of tumors, and most CI. Fig. 1025.—Section through Medulla, Level of Sensory Decussa-tion. (Wernicke, -X 4.) /^ Nucleus gracilis;/c, nucleus cuneatus, from which fibers curve around the central gray, and then deciissateand turn upward (ccphalad) in the interolivary tract, l-ft; Va, as-cending root of the trigeminal nerve; ci, inferior peduncle of cere-bellum, of which ks, direct cerebellar column of the cord, is a part:Xf, respiratory bundle: XT, medullary nucleus of spinal accessorynerve and its root: 12, hypoglossal nucleus and root: ^f, formatioreticularis; oi, olive. frequently of all in progressive bulbar paralysis.It is to be remembered that in myasthenia graviswhich is a functional disease probably due to a toxinthe early symptoms are seen in affections of the mus-cles supplied by the cranial nerves. The variabilityof the symptoms and recovery under rest will enablethe phy