. Chinese herpetological research. Amphibians; Reptiles. Fig. 1. Maxillae and dentition of (A)/".yammo- dynastes pulverulentus, (B) Lycodon aulicus, and (C) Ahaetulla nasuta (adapted from Smith 1943). Anterior to right; not to scale. (Boulenger 1893, West 1895, Smith 1943, Grandison 1972, Marx and Rabb 1972, Broadley 1983, Savitzky 1981), and in the Round Island bolyeriids Bolyeria and Casarea (Cundall and Irish 1989). However, in some Ahaetulla the anterior teeth are grooved (Hoffstetter 1939, Underwood 1967), in Lycophidion and Mehelya the duct of Duvemoy's gland opens near the enlarged
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. Chinese herpetological research. Amphibians; Reptiles. Fig. 1. Maxillae and dentition of (A)/".yammo- dynastes pulverulentus, (B) Lycodon aulicus, and (C) Ahaetulla nasuta (adapted from Smith 1943). Anterior to right; not to scale. (Boulenger 1893, West 1895, Smith 1943, Grandison 1972, Marx and Rabb 1972, Broadley 1983, Savitzky 1981), and in the Round Island bolyeriids Bolyeria and Casarea (Cundall and Irish 1989). However, in some Ahaetulla the anterior teeth are grooved (Hoffstetter 1939, Underwood 1967), in Lycophidion and Mehelya the duct of Duvemoy's gland opens near the enlarged anterior teeth (Savitkzy 1981), and in bolyeriids the disparity in tooth length is functionally enhanced by an intramaxillary joint (Cundall and Irish 1989). In Ditypophis vivax of Sokotra, the maxillary teeth increase in length from anterior to posterior, followed by a diastema, a single small tooth, and two enlarged grooved fangs (Parker 1949). Pythonodipsas carinatus, of southern Africa, is a rear- fanged colubrid with enlarged anterior palatine and dentary teeth that might be functionally equivalent to those described above (Marx et al. 1982). The relationships among Old World colubrid genera exhibiting the heterogeneous dentition described above have not been resolved. Smith (1943) grouped P sammodynastes and Psammophis, but noted that the former seemed distant from all other colubrids. Parker (1949:90) viewed the maxillae of Ditypophis and Psammodynastes as "very similar, " and thought those genera as well as Pythonodipsas are closely related. Underwood (1967) placed Ahaetulla and Psammophis in the Colubridae; Cyclocorus, Lycodon, Lycophidion, and Mehelya in the Lycodontinae of the Dipsadidae; and Ditypophis, Macroprotodon, and Psammodynastes in the Boiginae of the Homalopsidae. Recent biochemical approaches to snake systematics have not included those genera (Dowling et al. 1983, Dessauer et al. 1987, Cadle 1988). Irregardless of relationships among Psammodynas