. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. C B A2 Ai -Structure of Blood-vessels (diagrammatic). A1, Capillary—with simple endothelial walls. A2, Larger capillary —with connective tissue sheath, "adventitia capillaris." B, Capillary arteriole—showing muscle cells of middle coat, few and scattered. C, Artery—muscular elements of the tunica increase and form a COntinUOUS layer, media forming a continuous layer. , ., , ,, , , -t- . whilst yellow elastic and ordinary white connective tissue are added in varying proportions. The walls of the vessels thus become more complex, and numero
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. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. C B A2 Ai -Structure of Blood-vessels (diagrammatic). A1, Capillary—with simple endothelial walls. A2, Larger capillary —with connective tissue sheath, "adventitia capillaris." B, Capillary arteriole—showing muscle cells of middle coat, few and scattered. C, Artery—muscular elements of the tunica increase and form a COntinUOUS layer, media forming a continuous layer. , ., , , , , , -t- . whilst yellow elastic and ordinary white connective tissue are added in varying proportions. The walls of the vessels thus become more complex, and numerous strata may be distinguished ; which, for convenience, are regarded as forming three layers, known as the tunica intima and the middle and outer tunics. Superadded to the tunics is the investing fibrous sheath or vagina basis. Structure of Arteries.—The walls of arteries are stronger and thicker than those of veins of corresponding size, the tunica intima and middle tunic being particularly rich in elastic and muscular elements. Tunica Intima.—In the tunica intima the endothelial lining is strengthened by the addition of yellow elastic tissue, the fibres of which are arranged in such a manner as to simulate a fenestrated membrane. In arteries of medium size the elastic lamina is separated from the endothelium by a layer of connective tissue consisting of branched cells and numerous fibrils. In the larger arteries the subendothelial connective tissue is considerably increased, and delicate elastic fibres appear which connect it with the more ex- ternally situated fenestrated elastic layer. Tunica Media.—In the capillary arterioles the tunica media consists solely of scattered unstriped muscle fibres; the individual fibres are circularly disposed, but do not entirely surround the vessel. In small arteries the muscle cells are so far in- creased in amount that they form a continuous though thin layer. As the arteries increase in size additional layers of muscle cel