Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 CCELENTERATA. 175 (ctenophora = comb-bearers). There is no proboscis, the wide mouth, with an ectodermal oesophagus, being at one pole of the body and leading to a digestive tract which m FIG. 22.—Diagram of a Ctenophore. c, rows of combs; g, branches of digest- ive tract; i, 'intestine'; m, mouth; o, oesophagus; s, sensory plate; t, ten- tacle; tc, tentacle sheath; y, cesophageal vessel. branches again and again (g), so that at last a portion underlies each row of combs. There are no

Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 CCELENTERATA. 175 (ctenophora = comb-bearers). There is no proboscis, the wide mouth, with an ectodermal oesophagus, being at one pole of the body and leading to a digestive tract which m FIG. 22.—Diagram of a Ctenophore. c, rows of combs; g, branches of digest- ive tract; i, 'intestine'; m, mouth; o, oesophagus; s, sensory plate; t, ten- tacle; tc, tentacle sheath; y, cesophageal vessel. branches again and again (g), so that at last a portion underlies each row of combs. There are no Stock Photo

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Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 CCELENTERATA. 175 (ctenophora = comb-bearers). There is no proboscis, the wide mouth, with an ectodermal oesophagus, being at one pole of the body and leading to a digestive tract which m FIG. 22.—Diagram of a Ctenophore. c, rows of combs; g, branches of digest- ive tract; i, 'intestine'; m, mouth; o, oesophagus; s, sensory plate; t, ten- tacle; tc, tentacle sheath; y, cesophageal vessel. branches again and again (g), so that at last a portion underlies each row of combs. There are no nettle-cells in these forms and there never occurs any alternation of

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RMRWTW87–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 FISHES. 335 lives of this group, which, however, occurs as fossils in very old rocks. They have scaly bodies, diphycercal tail, FIG. 136.—Sea-horse (Hippocampus heptagonus). After Goode.

RMRWW80X–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 302 SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY. membrane have only external nostrils, but in all others they are placed at one side of a tube, which leads from the external nostril to the back part of the mouth. Hence a

RMRWTDHY–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 308 SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY. in the septa between the gill-slits are the gill-arches or cartilages (p. 294); and from the septa there grow out, in the larval Amphibia, fleshy fringes, the external gills.

RMRWTW88–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 FIG. 136.—Sea-horse (Hippocampus heptagonus). After Goode. FIG. 137.—African lung-fish (Protopterus annectens). After Boas. spiral valve, and a swim-bladder which is used as a lung. Both pectoral and ventral fins are present, and these are

RMRWRJFH–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 CRUSTACEA. 223 they pass through a free-swimming nauplius stage, then attach themselves to a fish, after which the retrogression cat 4.. FIG. 50.—A Copepod (Cyclops). From Hertwig. sets in. It is noticeable that the female becomes much more degenerate than the male.

RMRWRKXW–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 FIG. 57.—Marine Isopod (Idotea irrorata). After Harger. FIG. 58.—Beach-flea (Gammarus ornatus). From Smith. common name of ' beach-fleas,' a name which those forms living under dried seaweed, etc., have won for themselves through their leaping powers. Others live

RMRWTY1D–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 362 SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY. of bird-life, the humming-birds. To the Oscines belong an enormous series of feathered songsters, the mere enume- FIG. 155.—Bird of Paradise (Paradisea apoda). After Levaillant. ration of which would take a volume the size of the present one, the whole series reaching its apex in that pestilential

RMRWWC01–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 34G SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY the ease with which the tail breaks; the 'horned toads,' which are not toads, but true lizards; and the chameleons, with their wonderful powers of color change, a capacity Fio. 144.—Green Lizard (Anoiis). From Liitken. which is shared to a less degree by other forms. Among others by the Anoles (fig. 144) which are abundant in the southern states.

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RMRWWAJ9–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 FIG. 129.—Cod (Gadus morrhua). After Storer. said to be the richest banks in the world, honoring every draft upon them. Allied to the cod is the strange group of flatfishes, the halibut, flounders (fig. 130), turbot, and the like. In FIG. 130.—Winter Flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). After Goode. early life these are symmetrical like other fishes, but as they grow older they turn over on one side, and then the

RMRWRKXN–Elements of comparative zoology (1904) Elements of comparative zoology elementsofcompar1904king Year: 1904 230 SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY. There are two subdivisions of Tetradecapods: Isopoda and Amphipoda. In the Isopods (fig. 57) the body is depressed, as in the sow-bug, and the gills are borne under the abdomen. Most of the Isopoda feed upon decay- ing matter, but some have become parasites upon other animals, and have consequently so changed their appearance that one knowing only the adult would never regard them as Isopods at all. But the young settle the question, since before they begin their