. Eyes and no eyes. not reach, you w^ill oftenfind they do not take the trouble to grow prickles. Other leaves have teeth round the edge. Theleaf of the sweet-chestnut is toothed like a saw. Sois a birch leaf, but if you look closely you will findit has two sets of teeth. The large teeth have theiredges cut into small teeth. This leaf has a double-sawed edge. Some leaves again are very deeply cutinto divisions or lobes. An oak leaf is cut, sometimesonly in a wavy line, and sometimes into quite largedivisions. A sycamore leaf has five large pointeddivisions or lobes. Get these two leaves and co
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. Eyes and no eyes. not reach, you w^ill oftenfind they do not take the trouble to grow prickles. Other leaves have teeth round the edge. Theleaf of the sweet-chestnut is toothed like a saw. Sois a birch leaf, but if you look closely you will findit has two sets of teeth. The large teeth have theiredges cut into small teeth. This leaf has a double-sawed edge. Some leaves again are very deeply cutinto divisions or lobes. An oak leaf is cut, sometimesonly in a wavy line, and sometimes into quite largedivisions. A sycamore leaf has five large pointeddivisions or lobes. Get these two leaves and compare them. Youwill see that the veins which make the skeleton ofthe different shapes are not the same. In the syca-more leaf the large veins, or ribs, start from thetop of the stalk, and spread out like five fingers, while the little veins start out from them. A leaflike this is called a palm-veined or palmate-veinedleaf because the veins are like fingers on a hand.In the oak leaf, on the contrary, one long rib runs. SHAPES AND EDGES OF LEAVES. ^. Beech—ova?, edge wavy. 2. Oak—oblong, deeply wavy. 3. Sweet Chestmn—narrow, broadly sawed. 4. Birch—dow^Zy sawed. 5. Lime—heart shaped and oblique. 6. Siyca.xuoTe—heart-shaped, five-lobed7. Ma.pe—kidney-shaped, fivelobed. 80 TREES AND SHRUBS. up the middle. The smaller ones start from it, likethe featherlets of a birds feather. So an oak leaf issaid to be feather-veined or pinnate-veined, frompi7ina, a feather. Now take the compound leaves of the horse-chestnut, ash, and rose. In the horse-chestnut theleaflets grow just like the veins of the sycamore.Seven fingers start from the top of the leaf stalkand spread out like fingers, so it is called a pahnateleaf. But the ash and the rose have a rib up themiddle and the separate leaflets are arrangedfeather-wise. So these leaves are called pinnate. There are a great many leaves with shapesbetween these, and if you collect them and arrangethem in an old copy book, you will soon
