. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds; 1887. lo4 GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY.. Fig. 67. â The post-oral arches of the house martin, at miihlle of period of ineuha- tion, lateral view, X 1-1 diameters- w?/,-, stump
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. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds; 1887. lo4 GENERAL ORNITHOLOGY.. Fig. 67. â The post-oral arches of the house martin, at miihlle of period of ineuha- tion, lateral view, X 1-1 diameters- w?/, -, stump the exoccipital {teo). This trowel of cartilage is the upper anterior segment of the hyoidean (second post-oral) arch, being to that arch what the pterygo-palatiuo bar is to the mandibular (first post-oral) arch. Several parts of this stapedial cartilage are recognized, as named in the fine print under the figure. If the connections of the second post-oral arch were completed, as those of the first are, the tongue bone would be slung to the skull as the lower jaw is; Ijut they are not, the tract I'ep- resented by the dot-line from the atylo-hyal, sth, to the cerato-h;/al, cliij, being, like ist, above sth, only soft connective tissue. This defect of connection is made up for by the great development of the hyoidean parts of the third post-oral arch, hr 1 and hr 2, which retain the tongue-bone in position, without however articulating it with the .skull. The hand of the trowel of cartilage soon segments itself off from the ear-cap- sule, bringing away with it a small oval piece of the periotic wall, which piece is the true stapes, and the oval space in which it fits is the fenestra oralis leading of meckeli.an or maudibuiar rod, its articular j^^-g |i^â inmost ear (the cocliUa). The broad part of part, ar, already sliapen ; fy, quadrate hone, or i-iii-i t. i i., the trowel-blade is the extra-stapedial part, on which the meinhrana tijiiipani, or ear-drum, will be stretched. The