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Archival war Stock Photos and Images
General Joseph Hooker riding on a horse and waving at his troops. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/general-joseph-hooker-riding-on-a-horse-and-waving-at-his-troops-image431656056.htmlRF2G27HKM–General Joseph Hooker riding on a horse and waving at his troops.
HIMMLER BROADCAST SPEECH BERLIN Vintage WW2 Archival photo image 1939 of Heinrich Himmler (1900-1945), who reorganized the SS (Special Section) from 1929 on the basis of racial selection and became head of the Gestapo and SA (Assault Sections ,1934), he organized and maintained the German Nazi extermination concentration camps. Arrested by the British, he poisoned himself (before his inevitable execution for war crimes against humanity) in 1945. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/himmler-broadcast-speech-berlin-vintage-ww2-archival-photo-image-1939-of-heinrich-himmler-1900-1945-who-reorganized-the-ss-special-section-from-1929-on-the-basis-of-racial-selection-and-became-head-of-the-gestapo-and-sa-assault-sections-1934-he-organized-and-maintained-the-german-nazi-extermination-concentration-camps-arrested-by-the-british-he-poisoned-himself-before-his-inevitable-execution-for-war-crimes-against-humanity-in-1945-image211013243.htmlRMP78DF7–HIMMLER BROADCAST SPEECH BERLIN Vintage WW2 Archival photo image 1939 of Heinrich Himmler (1900-1945), who reorganized the SS (Special Section) from 1929 on the basis of racial selection and became head of the Gestapo and SA (Assault Sections ,1934), he organized and maintained the German Nazi extermination concentration camps. Arrested by the British, he poisoned himself (before his inevitable execution for war crimes against humanity) in 1945.
Archival photo of the Spanish Civil War. Republican Militia attack in San Sebastian. August 1936 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-the-spanish-civil-war-republican-militia-attack-in-san-sebastian-august-1936-image460461354.htmlRM2HN3R4A–Archival photo of the Spanish Civil War. Republican Militia attack in San Sebastian. August 1936
British First World War soldiers in encampment, 1st World War, 1st WW, Great War 1914-1918, history, archive archival historical imagery, WW1, England UK British Army soldier camp World War 1 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/british-first-world-war-soldiers-in-encampment-1st-world-war-1st-ww-image63260784.htmlRMDJWNNM–British First World War soldiers in encampment, 1st World War, 1st WW, Great War 1914-1918, history, archive archival historical imagery, WW1, England UK British Army soldier camp World War 1
Peace commissioners after finalizing the Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish American War. Dec. 10, 1898. It guaranteed Cuban independence but transferred Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, to the United States (BSLOC 2017 10 89) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-peace-commissioners-after-finalizing-the-treaty-of-paris-ending-the-170559609.htmlRMKWDJEH–Peace commissioners after finalizing the Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish American War. Dec. 10, 1898. It guaranteed Cuban independence but transferred Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, to the United States (BSLOC 2017 10 89)
Public service map of the Pacific Theater of World War II on billboard in Chicago, ca. 1944. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-public-service-map-of-the-pacific-theater-of-world-war-ii-on-billboard-174670045.htmlRMM44WBW–Public service map of the Pacific Theater of World War II on billboard in Chicago, ca. 1944.
Inside a Budapest, Hungary World and Hungarian history museum with old archival war photos exhibit and display with a soldier on a horse. No people. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/inside-a-budapest-hungary-world-and-hungarian-history-museum-with-old-archival-war-photos-exhibit-and-display-with-a-soldier-on-a-horse-no-people-image608325581.htmlRF2X9KHDH–Inside a Budapest, Hungary World and Hungarian history museum with old archival war photos exhibit and display with a soldier on a horse. No people.
1940's Syria - the Taurus Express train which brought European refugees across the Turkey border into Syria during World War II Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-1940s-syria-the-taurus-express-train-which-brought-european-refugees-177337707.htmlRMM8EC1F–1940's Syria - the Taurus Express train which brought European refugees across the Turkey border into Syria during World War II
Archival photo of Raymond Ames Spruance (1886 – 1969), a United States Navy admiral during World War II. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-raymond-ames-spruance-1886-1969-a-united-states-navy-admiral-during-world-war-ii-image397440305.htmlRM2E2GY4H–Archival photo of Raymond Ames Spruance (1886 – 1969), a United States Navy admiral during World War II.
A handwritten letter from the American Civil War, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1865. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-handwritten-letter-from-the-american-civil-war-new-orleans-louisiana-image156714227.htmlRMK2XXGK–A handwritten letter from the American Civil War, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1865.
William Johnson, American Civil War Soldier, Seated Portrait in Uniform by Louis Frenzel, Washington DC, USA, 1865 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/william-johnson-american-civil-war-soldier-seated-portrait-in-uniform-by-louis-frenzel-washington-dc-usa-1865-image223957585.htmlRMR0A455–William Johnson, American Civil War Soldier, Seated Portrait in Uniform by Louis Frenzel, Washington DC, USA, 1865
World War II. Swedish soldiers at a searchlight used to help the air defense units to spot and hit enemy aircrafts. Stockholm Sweden april 1941. Kristoffersson ref 201-1 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/world-war-ii-swedish-soldiers-at-a-searchlight-used-to-help-the-air-defense-units-to-spot-and-hit-enemy-aircrafts-stockholm-sweden-april-1941-kristoffersson-ref-201-1-image603037152.htmlRM2X12M14–World War II. Swedish soldiers at a searchlight used to help the air defense units to spot and hit enemy aircrafts. Stockholm Sweden april 1941. Kristoffersson ref 201-1
WW1 - The Great War - Mr John Purroy MITCHEL Mayor of NEW YORK welcomes an Highlander Officer Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/ww1-the-great-war-mr-john-purroy-mitchel-mayor-of-new-york-welcomes-an-highlander-officer-image490509547.htmlRF2KE0HX3–WW1 - The Great War - Mr John Purroy MITCHEL Mayor of NEW YORK welcomes an Highlander Officer
British officers during the Crimean war 1854 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-british-officers-during-the-crimean-war-1854-76392818.htmlRMEC7YPX–British officers during the Crimean war 1854
Antique c1870 engraving, Philip Schuyler. Philip John Schuyler (1733-1804) was an American general in the Revolutionary War and a United States Senator from New York. SOURCE: ORIGINAL ENGRAVING Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/antique-c1870-engraving-philip-schuyler-philip-john-schuyler-1733-1804-was-an-american-general-in-the-revolutionary-war-and-a-united-states-senator-from-new-york-source-original-engraving-image382547317.htmlRM2D6AF05–Antique c1870 engraving, Philip Schuyler. Philip John Schuyler (1733-1804) was an American general in the Revolutionary War and a United States Senator from New York. SOURCE: ORIGINAL ENGRAVING
Economic plan for the settlement of war invalids in the Lainzer Tiergarten, Vienna 13, Hermesstraße 1-77, 85-99, October 28, 1920, archival, typescript on paper Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/economic-plan-for-the-settlement-of-war-invalids-in-the-lainzer-tiergarten-vienna-13-hermesstrae-1-77-85-99-october-28-1920-archival-typescript-on-paper-image573328519.htmlRM2T8NAAF–Economic plan for the settlement of war invalids in the Lainzer Tiergarten, Vienna 13, Hermesstraße 1-77, 85-99, October 28, 1920, archival, typescript on paper
Boer guerrillas during the Second Boer War Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/boer-guerrillas-during-the-second-boer-war-image448447329.htmlRM2H1GF41–Boer guerrillas during the Second Boer War
The recapture of Baghdad by the Ottoman Empire from the Safavids in 1638 during the Ottoman–Safavid War, 1623–1639. After an 18th century work by Caspar Luyken. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-recapture-of-baghdad-by-the-ottoman-empire-from-the-safavids-in-1638-during-the-ottomansafavid-war-16231639-after-an-18th-century-work-by-caspar-luyken-image397185441.htmlRM2E25A29–The recapture of Baghdad by the Ottoman Empire from the Safavids in 1638 during the Ottoman–Safavid War, 1623–1639. After an 18th century work by Caspar Luyken.
Iran Iraq war also known as First Persian Gulf War or Gulf War. 1984 Soldier recovering from recent battle in canoe amongst the devastation of war. The Mesopotamian marshes, a sandstorm in the air. Near Basra Southern Iraq. 1980s HOMER SYKES Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/iran-iraq-war-also-known-as-first-persian-gulf-war-or-gulf-war-1984-image65763857.htmlRMDPYPD5–Iran Iraq war also known as First Persian Gulf War or Gulf War. 1984 Soldier recovering from recent battle in canoe amongst the devastation of war. The Mesopotamian marshes, a sandstorm in the air. Near Basra Southern Iraq. 1980s HOMER SYKES
U.S. Military propaganda image of a Tuskegee airman. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/us-military-propaganda-image-of-a-tuskegee-airman-image431655486.htmlRF2G27GYA–U.S. Military propaganda image of a Tuskegee airman.
Home Guard Propaganda World War II Prime Minister Winston Churchill inspects British Home Guard Army Civil Defence in Hyde Park, London Second World War July 1941 UK Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/home-guard-propaganda-world-war-ii-prime-minister-winston-churchill-inspects-british-home-guard-army-civil-defence-in-hyde-park-london-second-world-war-july-1941-uk-image431497035.htmlRM2G20ATB–Home Guard Propaganda World War II Prime Minister Winston Churchill inspects British Home Guard Army Civil Defence in Hyde Park, London Second World War July 1941 UK
Archival photo of World War I. Guards at American Bridgehead Boundary,'Montabaur' on the Rhine. 1920 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-world-war-i-guards-at-american-bridgehead-boundarymontabaur-on-the-rhine-1920-image457380437.htmlRM2HG3DBH–Archival photo of World War I. Guards at American Bridgehead Boundary,'Montabaur' on the Rhine. 1920
Ernest Dudley Chase - The Victory War Map - 1942 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/ernest-dudley-chase-the-victory-war-map-1942-image468910195.htmlRF2J6TKMK–Ernest Dudley Chase - The Victory War Map - 1942
US artillery, shelling at Coamo, on August 9, 1898, while advancing into Puerto Rican interior. The American invaders opposition in inconclusive fighting during the Spanish American War (BSLOC 2017 10 53) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-us-artillery-shelling-at-coamo-on-august-9-1898-while-advancing-into-170559558.htmlRMKWDJCP–US artillery, shelling at Coamo, on August 9, 1898, while advancing into Puerto Rican interior. The American invaders opposition in inconclusive fighting during the Spanish American War (BSLOC 2017 10 53)
Street crowd in Chicago rushes to buy a newspaper for news of World War II, ca. 1944. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-street-crowd-in-chicago-rushes-to-buy-a-newspaper-for-news-of-world-174669277.htmlRMM44TCD–Street crowd in Chicago rushes to buy a newspaper for news of World War II, ca. 1944.
World War 2 European Campaign Maps 1945, Normandy Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/world-war-2-european-campaign-maps-1945-normandy-image225064393.htmlRMR24FX1–World War 2 European Campaign Maps 1945, Normandy
Portrait of a sailor, World War I, Lower Saxony, Germany, about 1915 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/portrait-of-a-sailor-world-war-i-lower-saxony-germany-about-1915-image526850904.htmlRM2NH43KM–Portrait of a sailor, World War I, Lower Saxony, Germany, about 1915
Archival photo of Russian civil war. An elderly peasant woman seeing off her son to Civil war. 1918-1920. Russia Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-russian-civil-war-an-elderly-peasant-woman-seeing-off-her-son-to-civil-war-1918-1920-russia-image390864583.htmlRM2DKWBNB–Archival photo of Russian civil war. An elderly peasant woman seeing off her son to Civil war. 1918-1920. Russia
Broadside from the American Civil War reciting 'The Star Spangled Banner' song, 1861. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/broadside-from-the-american-civil-war-reciting-the-star-spangled-banner-image156255224.htmlRMK2613M–Broadside from the American Civil War reciting 'The Star Spangled Banner' song, 1861.
U.S. Government Certificate to Discharge Private Cline Morris from Co. E, 3rd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery Regiment, American Civil War, USA, 1865 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/us-government-certificate-to-discharge-private-cline-morris-from-co-e-3rd-pennsylvania-heavy-artillery-regiment-american-civil-war-usa-1865-image223957562.htmlRMR0A44A–U.S. Government Certificate to Discharge Private Cline Morris from Co. E, 3rd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery Regiment, American Civil War, USA, 1865
Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. 1945 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/winston-churchill-british-statesman-who-served-as-prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom-from-1940-to-1945-during-the-second-world-war-born-on-november-30-1874-dead-january-24-1965-1945-image458807497.htmlRM2HJCDJ1–Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. 1945
Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, Republic Palace ruins Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/vintage-1945-black-and-white-postcard-showing-the-destruction-of-warsaw-poland-during-world-war-ii-republic-palace-ruins-image600050866.htmlRM2WT6K02–Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, Republic Palace ruins
British HQ at Sebastopol during the Crimean War 1854 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-british-hq-at-sebastopol-during-the-crimean-war-1854-76392790.htmlRMEC7YNX–British HQ at Sebastopol during the Crimean War 1854
Antique c1870 engraving, Richard Montgomery. Richard Montgomery (1738-1775) was an Irish soldier who first served in the British Army. He later became a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. SOURCE: ORIGINAL ENGRAVING Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/antique-c1870-engraving-richard-montgomery-richard-montgomery-1738-1775-was-an-irish-soldier-who-first-served-in-the-british-army-he-later-became-a-major-general-in-the-continental-army-during-the-american-revolutionary-war-source-original-engraving-image382547390.htmlRM2D6AF2P–Antique c1870 engraving, Richard Montgomery. Richard Montgomery (1738-1775) was an Irish soldier who first served in the British Army. He later became a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. SOURCE: ORIGINAL ENGRAVING
Charge of the light brigade on 25th October 1854 during the Crimean War by the artist Richard Caton Woodville Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/charge-of-the-light-brigade-on-25th-october-1854-during-the-crimean-war-by-the-artist-richard-caton-woodville-image475176117.htmlRM2JH23YH–Charge of the light brigade on 25th October 1854 during the Crimean War by the artist Richard Caton Woodville
Ilse Koch (1906 – 1967) German war criminal Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/ilse-koch-1906-1967-german-war-criminal-image622441657.htmlRM2Y4JJK5–Ilse Koch (1906 – 1967) German war criminal
Prisoner of war lieutenant shows a letter received recently from his wife. The truth about prisoners of war in German captivity. Photo from the newspaper of the 1940s. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/prisoner-of-war-lieutenant-shows-a-letter-received-recently-from-his-wife-the-truth-about-prisoners-of-war-in-german-captivity-photo-from-the-newspaper-of-the-1940s-image260740189.htmlRMW45MNH–Prisoner of war lieutenant shows a letter received recently from his wife. The truth about prisoners of war in German captivity. Photo from the newspaper of the 1940s.
Alexander Gardner's iconic photograph of dead soldiers in front of the Dunker Church, after the Battle of Antietam in 1862, Sharpsburg, Maryland, USA Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-image-alexander-gardners-iconic-photograph-of-dead-soldiers-in-front-of-164388061.htmlRMKFCEJ5–Alexander Gardner's iconic photograph of dead soldiers in front of the Dunker Church, after the Battle of Antietam in 1862, Sharpsburg, Maryland, USA
World War II photograph of the Trinity Test bomb partially assembled on the test tower. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/world-war-ii-photograph-of-the-trinity-test-bomb-partially-assembled-on-the-test-tower-image327691187.htmlRF2A13HCK–World War II photograph of the Trinity Test bomb partially assembled on the test tower.
HITLER & RUSSIAN BEAR WW2 Vintage 1940's French Propaganda Postcard illustrating Adolf Hitler in a deadly embrace with a uniformed Red Army Russian Bear comrade standing on a map of the World War II Eastern Front Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/hitler-russian-bear-ww2-vintage-1940s-french-propaganda-postcard-illustrating-adolf-hitler-in-a-deadly-embrace-with-a-uniformed-red-army-russian-bear-comrade-standing-on-a-map-of-the-world-war-ii-eastern-front-image228746101.htmlRMR847YH–HITLER & RUSSIAN BEAR WW2 Vintage 1940's French Propaganda Postcard illustrating Adolf Hitler in a deadly embrace with a uniformed Red Army Russian Bear comrade standing on a map of the World War II Eastern Front
Archival photo of the Spanish Civil War. Republican militiamen behind sandbags (Battle of Irún). Spain. 1936 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-the-spanish-civil-war-republican-militiamen-behind-sandbags-battle-of-irn-spain-1936-image460461357.htmlRM2HN3R4D–Archival photo of the Spanish Civil War. Republican militiamen behind sandbags (Battle of Irún). Spain. 1936
Theophile Steinlen depiction of a mother and her children in the aftermath of the first world war conflict in the Aisne region of France. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/theophile-steinlen-depiction-of-a-mother-and-her-children-in-the-aftermath-of-the-first-world-war-conflict-in-the-aisne-region-of-france-image405401447.htmlRF2EFFHK3–Theophile Steinlen depiction of a mother and her children in the aftermath of the first world war conflict in the Aisne region of France.
American soldiers graves in Cuba, c. 1898. From May 1898 until April 1899, US forces experienced 968 battle casualties and 5,438 deaths from disease in the Spanish American War (BSLOC 2017 10 60) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-american-soldiers-graves-in-cuba-c-1898-from-may-1898-until-april-170559569.htmlRMKWDJD5–American soldiers graves in Cuba, c. 1898. From May 1898 until April 1899, US forces experienced 968 battle casualties and 5,438 deaths from disease in the Spanish American War (BSLOC 2017 10 60)
A crowd gathers in front of a World War II news update in the Yanks Service Bureau window of the Chicago Sun, ca. 1944. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-a-crowd-gathers-in-front-of-a-world-war-ii-news-update-in-the-yanks-174669533.htmlRMM44TNH–A crowd gathers in front of a World War II news update in the Yanks Service Bureau window of the Chicago Sun, ca. 1944.
World War 2 European Campaign Maps 1945, Invasion of Germany Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/world-war-2-european-campaign-maps-1945-invasion-of-germany-image225064669.htmlRMR24G7W–World War 2 European Campaign Maps 1945, Invasion of Germany
Portrait of a sailor smoking a pipe, World War I, Lower Saxony, Germany, about 1915 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/portrait-of-a-sailor-smoking-a-pipe-world-war-i-lower-saxony-germany-about-1915-image526850922.htmlRM2NH43MA–Portrait of a sailor smoking a pipe, World War I, Lower Saxony, Germany, about 1915
Archival photo of king Michael of Romania Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-king-michael-of-romania-image397158425.htmlRM2E243HD–Archival photo of king Michael of Romania
Broadside from the American Civil War entitled 'Fourth of July', disparaging Lincoln's administration. 1863. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/broadside-from-the-american-civil-war-entitled-fourth-of-july-disparaging-image156289551.htmlRMK27GWK–Broadside from the American Civil War entitled 'Fourth of July', disparaging Lincoln's administration. 1863.
U.S. Government Certificate to Discharge Private Cline Morris from Co. E, 3rd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery Regiment, American Civil War, USA, 1865 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/us-government-certificate-to-discharge-private-cline-morris-from-co-e-3rd-pennsylvania-heavy-artillery-regiment-american-civil-war-usa-1865-image223957564.htmlRMR0A44C–U.S. Government Certificate to Discharge Private Cline Morris from Co. E, 3rd Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery Regiment, American Civil War, USA, 1865
Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. Picture taken when he was in his thirties. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/winston-churchill-british-statesman-who-served-as-prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom-from-1940-to-1945-during-the-second-world-war-born-on-november-30-1874-dead-january-24-1965-picture-taken-when-he-was-in-his-thirties-image458807486.htmlRM2HJCDHJ–Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. Picture taken when he was in his thirties.
Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, Old City ruins Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/vintage-1945-black-and-white-postcard-showing-the-destruction-of-warsaw-poland-during-world-war-ii-old-city-ruins-image600050849.htmlRM2WT6JYD–Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, Old City ruins
Russian ships at Balaklava; in the Crimea; during the Crimean War 1853 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-russian-ships-at-balaklava-in-the-crimea-during-the-crimean-war-1853-76392563.htmlRMEC7YDR–Russian ships at Balaklava; in the Crimea; during the Crimean War 1853
Antique c1870 engraving, Richard Montgomery. Richard Montgomery (1738-1775) was an Irish soldier who first served in the British Army. He later became a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. SOURCE: ORIGINAL ENGRAVING Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/antique-c1870-engraving-richard-montgomery-richard-montgomery-1738-1775-was-an-irish-soldier-who-first-served-in-the-british-army-he-later-became-a-major-general-in-the-continental-army-during-the-american-revolutionary-war-source-original-engraving-image382547504.htmlRM2D6AF6T–Antique c1870 engraving, Richard Montgomery. Richard Montgomery (1738-1775) was an Irish soldier who first served in the British Army. He later became a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. SOURCE: ORIGINAL ENGRAVING
A vintage photo circa 1942 showing a convoy of merchant ships crossing the Atlantic ocean during world war two Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-vintage-photo-circa-1942-showing-a-convoy-of-merchant-ships-crossing-the-atlantic-ocean-during-world-war-two-image479277556.htmlRM2JRMYBG–A vintage photo circa 1942 showing a convoy of merchant ships crossing the Atlantic ocean during world war two
The Surrender at Bailén, Peninsular War Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-the-surrender-at-bailn-peninsular-war-130404894.htmlRMHG4CNJ–The Surrender at Bailén, Peninsular War
First World War, 1916, wounded British army soldiers and nurses in English country house converted and used as hospital, nursing home, recuperation, houses, homes, Norfolk England UK, 1st WW, Great War 1914-1918, history, archive archival historical imagery, WW1 soldier, 1st World War, injured nurse World War 1 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/first-world-war-1916-wounded-british-army-soldiers-and-nurses-in-english-image63260897.htmlRMDJWNWN–First World War, 1916, wounded British army soldiers and nurses in English country house converted and used as hospital, nursing home, recuperation, houses, homes, Norfolk England UK, 1st WW, Great War 1914-1918, history, archive archival historical imagery, WW1 soldier, 1st World War, injured nurse World War 1
'Gee I Wish I Were a Man' World War II recruitment poster Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/gee-i-wish-i-were-a-man-world-war-ii-recruitment-poster-image441743374.htmlRM2GJK452–'Gee I Wish I Were a Man' World War II recruitment poster
American Revolutionary War painting of The Death of General Mercer at the Battle of Princeton. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/american-revolutionary-war-painting-of-the-death-of-general-mercer-at-the-battle-of-princeton-image327691896.htmlRF2A13JA0–American Revolutionary War painting of The Death of General Mercer at the Battle of Princeton.
Collage of US World War 2 War Rations Books, issued 1943. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/collage-of-us-world-war-2-war-rations-books-issued-1943-image228698839.htmlRMR823KK–Collage of US World War 2 War Rations Books, issued 1943.
Archival photo of the Spanish Civil War. Troops and armored cars on the Basque (Ochandian) front. Spain. April 1937 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-the-spanish-civil-war-troops-and-armored-cars-on-the-basque-ochandian-front-spain-april-1937-image460461355.htmlRM2HN3R4B–Archival photo of the Spanish Civil War. Troops and armored cars on the Basque (Ochandian) front. Spain. April 1937
1843 - Syria - Darkouch or Darkush on the River Orontes Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-1843-syria-darkouch-or-darkush-on-the-river-orontes-177338374.htmlRMM8ECWA–1843 - Syria - Darkouch or Darkush on the River Orontes
Rough Riders arrival at Tampa, Florida for transport to Cuba. Theodore Roosevelts 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, struggled to find room on the troop ships, with only eight of the twelve companies making it to the war zone. June 23, 1898 (BSLOC 2017 10 15) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-rough-riders-arrival-at-tampa-florida-for-transport-to-cuba-theodore-170559506.htmlRMKWDJAX–Rough Riders arrival at Tampa, Florida for transport to Cuba. Theodore Roosevelts 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, struggled to find room on the troop ships, with only eight of the twelve companies making it to the war zone. June 23, 1898 (BSLOC 2017 10 15)
An African American U.S. soldier poses with this his girlfriend at home during World War II, ca. 1943. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/an-african-american-us-soldier-poses-with-this-his-girlfriend-at-home-during-world-war-ii-ca-1943-image628623514.htmlRM2YEM7KP–An African American U.S. soldier poses with this his girlfriend at home during World War II, ca. 1943.
World War 2 European Campaign Maps 1945, Italian Campaign Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/world-war-2-european-campaign-maps-1945-italian-campaign-image225064231.htmlRMR24FM7–World War 2 European Campaign Maps 1945, Italian Campaign
Sailors on their ship posing for a photo, gun, flag, binoculars, Germany, World War I, about 1915 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/sailors-on-their-ship-posing-for-a-photo-gun-flag-binoculars-germany-world-war-i-about-1915-image526851740.htmlRM2NH44NG–Sailors on their ship posing for a photo, gun, flag, binoculars, Germany, World War I, about 1915
General Ugo Cavallero (1880 – 1943) was an Italian military commander before and during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/general-ugo-cavallero-1880-1943-was-an-italian-military-commander-before-and-during-world-war-ii-he-was-a-recipient-of-the-knights-cross-of-the-image397158437.htmlRM2E243HW–General Ugo Cavallero (1880 – 1943) was an Italian military commander before and during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the
Broadside from the American Civil War entitled 'Port Sumpter!', detailing a Confederate victory. 1863. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/broadside-from-the-american-civil-war-entitled-port-sumpter!-detailing-image156289675.htmlRMK27H23–Broadside from the American Civil War entitled 'Port Sumpter!', detailing a Confederate victory. 1863.
Carrie Nichols Lacy (1838-98), Union Army Nurse during American Civil War, Full-Length Standing Portrait by Henry Ulke, Washington, D.C., USA, 1865 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/carrie-nichols-lacy-1838-98-union-army-nurse-during-american-civil-war-full-length-standing-portrait-by-henry-ulke-washington-dc-usa-1865-image223957580.htmlRMR0A450–Carrie Nichols Lacy (1838-98), Union Army Nurse during American Civil War, Full-Length Standing Portrait by Henry Ulke, Washington, D.C., USA, 1865
Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. Picture taken of him as a child. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/winston-churchill-british-statesman-who-served-as-prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom-from-1940-to-1945-during-the-second-world-war-born-on-november-30-1874-dead-january-24-1965-picture-taken-of-him-as-a-child-image458807473.htmlRM2HJCDH5–Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. Picture taken of him as a child.
Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, the Old Market ruins Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/vintage-1945-black-and-white-postcard-showing-the-destruction-of-warsaw-poland-during-world-war-ii-the-old-market-ruins-image600050850.htmlRM2WT6JYE–Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, the Old Market ruins
Sir George Buller (1802–1884); British general; in the Crimean war Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-sir-george-buller-18021884-british-general-in-the-crimean-war-76392565.htmlRMEC7YDW–Sir George Buller (1802–1884); British general; in the Crimean war
1940's WW2 US Army cautionary propaganda poster 'Don't talk Yourselves to Death' Giving secrets or troop movements away with loose talk Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-1940s-ww2-us-army-cautionary-propaganda-poster-dont-talk-yourselves-173406835.htmlRMM23A57–1940's WW2 US Army cautionary propaganda poster 'Don't talk Yourselves to Death' Giving secrets or troop movements away with loose talk
A vintage photo circa 1942 showing a convoy of merchant ships crossing the Atlantic ocean during world war two Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-vintage-photo-circa-1942-showing-a-convoy-of-merchant-ships-crossing-the-atlantic-ocean-during-world-war-two-image479280076.htmlRM2JRN2HG–A vintage photo circa 1942 showing a convoy of merchant ships crossing the Atlantic ocean during world war two
Rhodesian volunteers leaving Salisbury for service in the Second Boer War, 1899 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/rhodesian-volunteers-leaving-salisbury-for-service-in-the-second-boer-war-1899-image448447332.htmlRM2H1GF44–Rhodesian volunteers leaving Salisbury for service in the Second Boer War, 1899
Peace commissioners after finalizing the Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish American War. Dec. 10, 1898. It guaranteed Cuban independence but transferred Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, to the United States (BSLOC 2017 10 89) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-peace-commissioners-after-finalizing-the-treaty-of-paris-ending-the-170560919.htmlRMKWDM5B–Peace commissioners after finalizing the Treaty of Paris, ending the Spanish American War. Dec. 10, 1898. It guaranteed Cuban independence but transferred Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, to the United States (BSLOC 2017 10 89)
We Can Do It poster by J. Howard Miller. World War II advertising poster Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/we-can-do-it-poster-by-j-howard-miller-world-war-ii-advertising-poster-image441743461.htmlRM2GJK485–We Can Do It poster by J. Howard Miller. World War II advertising poster
A Norton grinder converted to grind spring collets to aid the war production, 1942. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-norton-grinder-converted-to-grind-spring-collets-to-aid-the-war-production-1942-image552925080.htmlRM2R3FWG8–A Norton grinder converted to grind spring collets to aid the war production, 1942.
Full length body photograph of a US soldier in his uniform from World War 1, circa 1917. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/full-length-body-photograph-of-a-us-soldier-in-his-uniform-from-world-war-1-circa-1917-image337430288.htmlRM2AGY7NM–Full length body photograph of a US soldier in his uniform from World War 1, circa 1917.
Archival photo of World War I. Huge Saint-Chamond tanks of Entente crossing the Somme river. 1914-1918 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-world-war-i-huge-saint-chamond-tanks-of-entente-crossing-the-somme-river-1914-1918-image457380419.htmlRM2HG3DAY–Archival photo of World War I. Huge Saint-Chamond tanks of Entente crossing the Somme river. 1914-1918
1940s East Africa - Uganda - typical scenery in the hills around Kabale Ankole Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-1940s-east-africa-uganda-typical-scenery-in-the-hills-around-kabale-177319567.htmlRMM8DGWK–1940s East Africa - Uganda - typical scenery in the hills around Kabale Ankole
Gen. Nelson Miles, had Presidential ambitions after his victories in the Spanish-American War. He established his military reputation in the US Civil War and the Indian War. He was the commanding General over the Massacre of Wounded Knee on Dec. 29, 1890 (BSLOC 2017 10 42) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-gen-nelson-miles-had-presidential-ambitions-after-his-victories-in-170559546.htmlRMKWDJCA–Gen. Nelson Miles, had Presidential ambitions after his victories in the Spanish-American War. He established his military reputation in the US Civil War and the Indian War. He was the commanding General over the Massacre of Wounded Knee on Dec. 29, 1890 (BSLOC 2017 10 42)
Two young African American boys engage in a boxing match for the amusement of soldiers based at Carlisle Barracks in Pennsylvania during World War I circa 1918. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/two-young-african-american-boys-engage-in-a-boxing-match-for-the-amusement-of-soldiers-based-at-carlisle-barracks-in-pennsylvania-during-world-war-i-circa-1918-image459574880.htmlRM2HKKCCG–Two young African American boys engage in a boxing match for the amusement of soldiers based at Carlisle Barracks in Pennsylvania during World War I circa 1918.
Back of a Photograph stamped with Stalag IV-A, Prisoner of War Camp Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-back-of-a-photograph-stamped-with-stalag-iv-a-prisoner-of-war-camp-176919778.htmlRMM7RAYE–Back of a Photograph stamped with Stalag IV-A, Prisoner of War Camp
Original WW1 era Daily Mail War Pictures postcard of soldiers helping push an ambulance belonging to the 16th (Irish) Division through the mud in Mametz Wood, Battle of the Somme, France, July 1916. Official War Photographs series. Printed in England. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/original-ww1-era-daily-mail-war-pictures-postcard-of-soldiers-helping-push-an-ambulance-belonging-to-the-16th-irish-division-through-the-mud-in-mametz-wood-battle-of-the-somme-france-july-1916-official-war-photographs-series-printed-in-england-image444127025.htmlRM2GPFMFD–Original WW1 era Daily Mail War Pictures postcard of soldiers helping push an ambulance belonging to the 16th (Irish) Division through the mud in Mametz Wood, Battle of the Somme, France, July 1916. Official War Photographs series. Printed in England.
Archival photo of Francisco Pancho Villa. Francisco 'Pancho' Villa (born José Doroteo Arango Arámbula, 1878 – 1923) was a Mexican revolutionary genera Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-francisco-pancho-villa-francisco-pancho-villa-born-jos-doroteo-arango-armbula-1878-1923-was-a-mexican-revolutionary-genera-image398985518.htmlRM2E53A2P–Archival photo of Francisco Pancho Villa. Francisco 'Pancho' Villa (born José Doroteo Arango Arámbula, 1878 – 1923) was a Mexican revolutionary genera
Sheet from a handwritten memorial from the American Civil War describing a fallen nation, 1863. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/sheet-from-a-handwritten-memorial-from-the-american-civil-war-describing-image156714075.htmlRMK2XXB7–Sheet from a handwritten memorial from the American Civil War describing a fallen nation, 1863.
Annette del Sur publicizing Salvage Campaign, Douglas Aircraft Company, Long Beach, California, USA, Alfred T Palmer, U.S. Office of War Information, October 1942 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annette-del-sur-publicizing-salvage-campaign-douglas-aircraft-company-long-beach-california-usa-alfred-t-palmer-us-office-of-war-information-october-1942-image228817218.htmlRMR87EKE–Annette del Sur publicizing Salvage Campaign, Douglas Aircraft Company, Long Beach, California, USA, Alfred T Palmer, U.S. Office of War Information, October 1942
Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. Pictured while painting in the 1940s Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/winston-churchill-british-statesman-who-served-as-prime-minister-of-the-united-kingdom-from-1940-to-1945-during-the-second-world-war-born-on-november-30-1874-dead-january-24-1965-pictured-while-painting-in-the-1940s-image458807542.htmlRM2HJCDKJ–Winston Churchill. British statesman who served as Prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 during the Second world war. Born on november 30 1874, dead january 24 1965. Pictured while painting in the 1940s
Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, the Old Market ruins Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/vintage-1945-black-and-white-postcard-showing-the-destruction-of-warsaw-poland-during-world-war-ii-the-old-market-ruins-image600050851.htmlRM2WT6JYF–Vintage 1945 black and white postcard showing the destruction of Warsaw, Poland, during World War II, the Old Market ruins
Mobile British army field kitchen in the first world war 1916 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-mobile-british-army-field-kitchen-in-the-first-world-war-1916-76392546.htmlRMEC7YD6–Mobile British army field kitchen in the first world war 1916
Vintage WW2 1930's image of Dr Joseph Goebbels German Nazi Propaganda Minister making a speech at a podium with the Nazi Swastika emblem displayed on front Germany Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/vintage-ww2-1930s-image-of-dr-joseph-goebbels-german-nazi-propaganda-minister-making-a-speech-at-a-podium-with-the-nazi-swastika-emblem-displayed-on-front-germany-image331319036.htmlRM2A70TPM–Vintage WW2 1930's image of Dr Joseph Goebbels German Nazi Propaganda Minister making a speech at a podium with the Nazi Swastika emblem displayed on front Germany
Unidentified American women circa April 1942 being shown welding techniques for aircraft construction to help the war effort during world war two Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/unidentified-american-women-circa-april-1942-being-shown-welding-techniques-for-aircraft-construction-to-help-the-war-effort-during-world-war-two-image491451203.htmlRM2KFFF0K–Unidentified American women circa April 1942 being shown welding techniques for aircraft construction to help the war effort during world war two
Polish peasant refugees. Polish man, woman and child during World War I Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/polish-peasant-refugees-polish-man-woman-and-child-during-world-war-i-image218499921.htmlRMPKDETH–Polish peasant refugees. Polish man, woman and child during World War I
US artillery, shelling at Coamo, on August 9, 1898, while advancing into Puerto Rican interior. The American invaders opposition in inconclusive fighting during the Spanish American War (BSLOC 2017 10 53) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-us-artillery-shelling-at-coamo-on-august-9-1898-while-advancing-into-170560870.htmlRMKWDM3J–US artillery, shelling at Coamo, on August 9, 1898, while advancing into Puerto Rican interior. The American invaders opposition in inconclusive fighting during the Spanish American War (BSLOC 2017 10 53)
We Can Do It poster by J. Howard Miller. World War II advertising poster Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/we-can-do-it-poster-by-j-howard-miller-world-war-ii-advertising-poster-image574672341.htmlRM2TAXGC5–We Can Do It poster by J. Howard Miller. World War II advertising poster
USS Chesapeake, on the left, approaching HMS Shannon, during the War of 1812. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/uss-chesapeake-on-the-left-approaching-hms-shannon-during-the-war-of-1812-image552938517.htmlRM2R3GEM5–USS Chesapeake, on the left, approaching HMS Shannon, during the War of 1812.
Market Square in Rome // World War I, Italy Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/market-square-in-rome-world-war-i-italy-image338483018.htmlRF2AJK6F6–Market Square in Rome // World War I, Italy
Archival photo of World War I. Ruined village of Eclusiers, France. M'lle Semmer decorated for heroic actions under fire. 1914-1918 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/archival-photo-of-world-war-i-ruined-village-of-eclusiers-france-mlle-semmer-decorated-for-heroic-actions-under-fire-1914-1918-image457380416.htmlRM2HG3DAT–Archival photo of World War I. Ruined village of Eclusiers, France. M'lle Semmer decorated for heroic actions under fire. 1914-1918
1943 Middle East Syria - scene at Aleppo view of the city Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-1943-middle-east-syria-scene-at-aleppo-view-of-the-city-177337043.htmlRMM8EB5R–1943 Middle East Syria - scene at Aleppo view of the city
Amphibious landing at Arroyo, Puerto Rico, August 3, 1898 during the Spanish American War. US soldiers of Company C, 4th Ohio Volunteer Infantry transfer to boats from the cruiser USS ST PAUL, seven miles off the coast (BSLOC 2017 10 52) Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-amphibious-landing-at-arroyo-puerto-rico-august-3-1898-during-the-170559557.htmlRMKWDJCN–Amphibious landing at Arroyo, Puerto Rico, August 3, 1898 during the Spanish American War. US soldiers of Company C, 4th Ohio Volunteer Infantry transfer to boats from the cruiser USS ST PAUL, seven miles off the coast (BSLOC 2017 10 52)
