. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. INVERTEBRATE SUCTION 191 prevent collapse of the body wall, and so forth. The cloacal breathers appear to be like the man attempting to lift himself by his bootstraps. The solution to this apparent paradox lies in the geometry of the animals. The total force preventing collapse of the body wall around the cloaca is equal to the difference between coelomic and ambient pressure times the area of the body wall available for attachment of radial muscles, whereas the total force hindering ex- pansion of the cloaca is the differen Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-invertebrate-suction-191-prevent-collapse-of-the-body-wall-and-so-forth-the-cloacal-breathers-appear-to-be-like-the-man-attempting-to-lift-himself-by-his-bootstraps-the-solution-to-this-apparent-paradox-lies-in-the-geometry-of-the-animals-the-total-force-preventing-collapse-of-the-body-wall-around-the-cloaca-is-equal-to-the-difference-between-coelomic-and-ambient-pressure-times-the-area-of-the-body-wall-available-for-attachment-of-radial-muscles-whereas-the-total-force-hindering-ex-pansion-of-the-cloaca-is-the-differen-image234648346.html
RMRHN4A2–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. INVERTEBRATE SUCTION 191 prevent collapse of the body wall, and so forth. The cloacal breathers appear to be like the man attempting to lift himself by his bootstraps. The solution to this apparent paradox lies in the geometry of the animals. The total force preventing collapse of the body wall around the cloaca is equal to the difference between coelomic and ambient pressure times the area of the body wall available for attachment of radial muscles, whereas the total force hindering ex- pansion of the cloaca is the differen
. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. D.GI. In the cloaca of the female salamander all three sets of glands may appear, although here they have different functions. The pelvic gland serves as a res- ervoir for the spermatozoa which migrate from the dis- integrating spermatophore held between the lips of the cloaca to these tubules in the roof of the cloaca (Noble and Weber, 1929). The cloacal glands which are present in all ambystomids, salamandrids, and primitive plethodontids, may play some part in egg- capsule formation. The ab- dominal glands are also de- veloped in female newts. They Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biology-of-the-amphibia-amphibians-dgi-in-the-cloaca-of-the-female-salamander-all-three-sets-of-glands-may-appear-although-here-they-have-different-functions-the-pelvic-gland-serves-as-a-res-ervoir-for-the-spermatozoa-which-migrate-from-the-dis-integrating-spermatophore-held-between-the-lips-of-the-cloaca-to-these-tubules-in-the-roof-of-the-cloaca-noble-and-weber-1929-the-cloacal-glands-which-are-present-in-all-ambystomids-salamandrids-and-primitive-plethodontids-may-play-some-part-in-egg-capsule-formation-the-ab-dominal-glands-are-also-de-veloped-in-female-newts-they-image234606935.html
RMRHK7F3–. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. D.GI. In the cloaca of the female salamander all three sets of glands may appear, although here they have different functions. The pelvic gland serves as a res- ervoir for the spermatozoa which migrate from the dis- integrating spermatophore held between the lips of the cloaca to these tubules in the roof of the cloaca (Noble and Weber, 1929). The cloacal glands which are present in all ambystomids, salamandrids, and primitive plethodontids, may play some part in egg- capsule formation. The ab- dominal glands are also de- veloped in female newts. They
. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. 454 STRUCTURE OF VERTEBRATA. the lungs lie ventrally and are double, though connected with the gullet by a single tube. The beginning of the intestine gives origin to the liver, which regulates the composition of the blood and secretes bile, and to the pancreas, which secretes digestive juices. The pancreas has often a multiple rudiment. From the hindmost region of the gut, the allantois grows out in all animals from Amphibians onwards. In Amphibians it is represented by a cloacal bladder; in the higher Vertebrates it is a vas- cular fcetal membrane concerned wi Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/outlines-of-zoology-zoology-454-structure-of-vertebrata-the-lungs-lie-ventrally-and-are-double-though-connected-with-the-gullet-by-a-single-tube-the-beginning-of-the-intestine-gives-origin-to-the-liver-which-regulates-the-composition-of-the-blood-and-secretes-bile-and-to-the-pancreas-which-secretes-digestive-juices-the-pancreas-has-often-a-multiple-rudiment-from-the-hindmost-region-of-the-gut-the-allantois-grows-out-in-all-animals-from-amphibians-onwards-in-amphibians-it-is-represented-by-a-cloacal-bladder-in-the-higher-vertebrates-it-is-a-vas-cular-fcetal-membrane-concerned-wi-image232208021.html
RMRDNYKH–. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. 454 STRUCTURE OF VERTEBRATA. the lungs lie ventrally and are double, though connected with the gullet by a single tube. The beginning of the intestine gives origin to the liver, which regulates the composition of the blood and secretes bile, and to the pancreas, which secretes digestive juices. The pancreas has often a multiple rudiment. From the hindmost region of the gut, the allantois grows out in all animals from Amphibians onwards. In Amphibians it is represented by a cloacal bladder; in the higher Vertebrates it is a vas- cular fcetal membrane concerned wi
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. Hepatic,, | Liver-^ J Capillaries 1^| Posteriori Cardinal] Hepatic! " Portal J Cloacal Opening Caudal. -Subclavian - Hepatic (Hepatic! "1 Portal j Ventral Abdominal Subcardinal Latera Connectives Posteriori Cardinalf Caudal. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-hepatic-liver-j-capillaries-1-posteriori-cardinal-hepatic!-quot-portal-j-cloacal-opening-caudal-subclavian-hepatic-hepatic!-quot1-portal-j-ventral-abdominal-subcardinal-latera-connectives-posteriori-cardinalf-caudal-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-work-image234597722.html
RMRHJRP2–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. Hepatic,, | Liver-^ J Capillaries 1^| Posteriori Cardinal] Hepatic! " Portal J Cloacal Opening Caudal. -Subclavian - Hepatic (Hepatic! "1 Portal j Ventral Abdominal Subcardinal Latera Connectives Posteriori Cardinalf Caudal. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work..
. Annals of the Durban Museum. Natural history; Zoology; Natural history. 146 Anatomy of Sperm Whale Fcetus length is one-third of the cloacal groove. Here, too, the mammary grooves are parallel with the cloacal groove. I lay stress upon this position since Kukenthal i-epresents the mammary grooves in his female fcBtus as lying at an oblique angle with the median genital groove. As, however, the adjacent areas are rather contorted in appearance in his fi<'ure, it is possible that this contortion—the result perhaps of contraction during preservation—has affected the mammary grooves. They are Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-durban-museum-natural-history-zoology-natural-history-146-anatomy-of-sperm-whale-fcetus-length-is-one-third-of-the-cloacal-groove-here-too-the-mammary-grooves-are-parallel-with-the-cloacal-groove-i-lay-stress-upon-this-position-since-kukenthal-i-epresents-the-mammary-grooves-in-his-female-fcbtus-as-lying-at-an-oblique-angle-with-the-median-genital-groove-as-however-the-adjacent-areas-are-rather-contorted-in-appearance-in-his-filture-it-is-possible-that-this-contortionthe-result-perhaps-of-contraction-during-preservationhas-affected-the-mammary-grooves-they-are-image236521645.html
RMRMPDNH–. Annals of the Durban Museum. Natural history; Zoology; Natural history. 146 Anatomy of Sperm Whale Fcetus length is one-third of the cloacal groove. Here, too, the mammary grooves are parallel with the cloacal groove. I lay stress upon this position since Kukenthal i-epresents the mammary grooves in his female fcBtus as lying at an oblique angle with the median genital groove. As, however, the adjacent areas are rather contorted in appearance in his fi<'ure, it is possible that this contortion—the result perhaps of contraction during preservation—has affected the mammary grooves. They are
. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 50 homologous. This view has received support from the recent reassignment of the fossil taxa from the Lepidosauria to the Archosauromorpha (Gauthier 1984; Benton 1984, 1985). Thus Rieppel's (1976a) claim that cloacal bones are primitive among the Lacer- tilia is based solely upon the presumed overall primitiveness of the taxa exhibiting cloacal ossifications. The bones and their associated cloacal sacs thus appear to be gek- konid synapomorphies (Kluge 1967a, 1982). While the presence of bones and sacs may be regarded as apomorphic for the Gek- kono Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bonner-zoologische-monographien-zoology-50-homologous-this-view-has-received-support-from-the-recent-reassignment-of-the-fossil-taxa-from-the-lepidosauria-to-the-archosauromorpha-gauthier-1984-benton-1984-1985-thus-rieppels-1976a-claim-that-cloacal-bones-are-primitive-among-the-lacer-tilia-is-based-solely-upon-the-presumed-overall-primitiveness-of-the-taxa-exhibiting-cloacal-ossifications-the-bones-and-their-associated-cloacal-sacs-thus-appear-to-be-gek-konid-synapomorphies-kluge-1967a-1982-while-the-presence-of-bones-and-sacs-may-be-regarded-as-apomorphic-for-the-gek-kono-image234493185.html
RMRHE2CH–. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 50 homologous. This view has received support from the recent reassignment of the fossil taxa from the Lepidosauria to the Archosauromorpha (Gauthier 1984; Benton 1984, 1985). Thus Rieppel's (1976a) claim that cloacal bones are primitive among the Lacer- tilia is based solely upon the presumed overall primitiveness of the taxa exhibiting cloacal ossifications. The bones and their associated cloacal sacs thus appear to be gek- konid synapomorphies (Kluge 1967a, 1982). While the presence of bones and sacs may be regarded as apomorphic for the Gek- kono
. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 556 CHORDATA ectodermal cloacal pit, wliich is less distinct in the female marsupials, many insectivores, rodents and edentates. In all other mammals anus and urogenital openings are separated by the formation of a partition, the perineum. From this indifferent condition the male apparatus is derived, the structures being closely similar in most species (fig. 603). The JMiiUerian .'^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may n Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-zoology-556-chordata-ectodermal-cloacal-pit-wliich-is-less-distinct-in-the-female-marsupials-many-insectivores-rodents-and-edentates-in-all-other-mammals-anus-and-urogenital-openings-are-separated-by-the-formation-of-a-partition-the-perineum-from-this-indifferent-condition-the-male-apparatus-is-derived-the-structures-being-closely-similar-in-most-species-fig-603-the-jmiiuerian-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-n-image232117539.html
RMRDHT83–. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 556 CHORDATA ectodermal cloacal pit, wliich is less distinct in the female marsupials, many insectivores, rodents and edentates. In all other mammals anus and urogenital openings are separated by the formation of a partition, the perineum. From this indifferent condition the male apparatus is derived, the structures being closely similar in most species (fig. 603). The JMiiUerian .'^^. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may n
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. 49° Biology of the Vertebrates apart. At the stage of about the sixth or seventh week, when the legs are simply two stubs on the two sides of the cloaca (Fig. 408), an elevation, the genital eminence, tipped by a conical projection, the genital tubercle, appears just within the anterior margin of the cloacal opening. Around the genital opening there forms a pair of folds, the labio-scrotal folds, which are destined to become either the labia majora of the Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-49-biology-of-the-vertebrates-apart-at-the-stage-of-about-the-sixth-or-seventh-week-when-the-legs-are-simply-two-stubs-on-the-two-sides-of-the-cloaca-fig-408-an-elevation-the-genital-eminence-tipped-by-a-conical-projection-the-genital-tubercle-appears-just-within-the-anterior-margin-of-the-cloacal-opening-around-the-genital-opening-there-forms-a-pair-of-folds-the-labio-scrotal-folds-which-are-destined-to-become-either-the-labia-majora-of-the-image234596393.html
RMRHJP2H–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. 49° Biology of the Vertebrates apart. At the stage of about the sixth or seventh week, when the legs are simply two stubs on the two sides of the cloaca (Fig. 408), an elevation, the genital eminence, tipped by a conical projection, the genital tubercle, appears just within the anterior margin of the cloacal opening. Around the genital opening there forms a pair of folds, the labio-scrotal folds, which are destined to become either the labia majora of the
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. SPAWNING REACTIONS OF OSTREA VIRGINICA 481 11, ./) to greatly increased activity characterized by small and irregular contractions (Fig. 11, C and 11}. These contractions are not, however, concerned with the release of sperm. The sudden appearance of a jet of sperm at the beginning of ejacula- tion gives an impression of increased velocity of the cloacal current. The question whether there is an increase in ciliary activity during ejaculation was carefully studied in a number of experiments. Two methods were employed for mea Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-spawning-reactions-of-ostrea-virginica-481-11-to-greatly-increased-activity-characterized-by-small-and-irregular-contractions-fig-11-c-and-11-these-contractions-are-not-however-concerned-with-the-release-of-sperm-the-sudden-appearance-of-a-jet-of-sperm-at-the-beginning-of-ejacula-tion-gives-an-impression-of-increased-velocity-of-the-cloacal-current-the-question-whether-there-is-an-increase-in-ciliary-activity-during-ejaculation-was-carefully-studied-in-a-number-of-experiments-two-methods-were-employed-for-mea-image234668623.html
RMRHP267–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. SPAWNING REACTIONS OF OSTREA VIRGINICA 481 11, ./) to greatly increased activity characterized by small and irregular contractions (Fig. 11, C and 11}. These contractions are not, however, concerned with the release of sperm. The sudden appearance of a jet of sperm at the beginning of ejacula- tion gives an impression of increased velocity of the cloacal current. The question whether there is an increase in ciliary activity during ejaculation was carefully studied in a number of experiments. Two methods were employed for mea
. A manual of zoology. PHYLUM CHORDATA 437 the absence of limbs, the beginning of the short caudal region is only indicated by the position of the cloacal open- ing. The fore-limbs are never represented even by vestiges; in some pythons there are inconspicuous vestiges of hind- limbs, in the form of small claw-like processes. The mouth of the snake is capable of being very widely opened by the free articulation of the lower jaw, and it is this mainly which distinguishes it from the snake-like lizards. But other, less. Fig. 261. — Pygopus lepidopus. (After Brehm.) conspicuous, points of distinc Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-phylum-chordata-437-the-absence-of-limbs-the-beginning-of-the-short-caudal-region-is-only-indicated-by-the-position-of-the-cloacal-open-ing-the-fore-limbs-are-never-represented-even-by-vestiges-in-some-pythons-there-are-inconspicuous-vestiges-of-hind-limbs-in-the-form-of-small-claw-like-processes-the-mouth-of-the-snake-is-capable-of-being-very-widely-opened-by-the-free-articulation-of-the-lower-jaw-and-it-is-this-mainly-which-distinguishes-it-from-the-snake-like-lizards-but-other-less-fig-261-pygopus-lepidopus-after-brehm-conspicuous-points-of-distinc-image232132323.html
RMRDJF43–. A manual of zoology. PHYLUM CHORDATA 437 the absence of limbs, the beginning of the short caudal region is only indicated by the position of the cloacal open- ing. The fore-limbs are never represented even by vestiges; in some pythons there are inconspicuous vestiges of hind- limbs, in the form of small claw-like processes. The mouth of the snake is capable of being very widely opened by the free articulation of the lower jaw, and it is this mainly which distinguishes it from the snake-like lizards. But other, less. Fig. 261. — Pygopus lepidopus. (After Brehm.) conspicuous, points of distinc
. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. 284 THE BIOLOGY OF THE AMPHIBIA. D.GI. In the cloaca of the female salamander all three sets of glands may appear, although here they have different functions. The pelvic gland serves as a res- ervoir for the spermatozoa which migrate from the dis- integrating spermatophore held between the lips of the cloaca to these tubules in the roof of the cloaca (Noble and Weber, 1929). The cloacal glands which are present in all ambystomids, salamandrids, and primitive plethodontids, may play some part in egg- capsule formation. The ab- dominal glands are also Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biology-of-the-amphibia-amphibians-284-the-biology-of-the-amphibia-dgi-in-the-cloaca-of-the-female-salamander-all-three-sets-of-glands-may-appear-although-here-they-have-different-functions-the-pelvic-gland-serves-as-a-res-ervoir-for-the-spermatozoa-which-migrate-from-the-dis-integrating-spermatophore-held-between-the-lips-of-the-cloaca-to-these-tubules-in-the-roof-of-the-cloaca-noble-and-weber-1929-the-cloacal-glands-which-are-present-in-all-ambystomids-salamandrids-and-primitive-plethodontids-may-play-some-part-in-egg-capsule-formation-the-ab-dominal-glands-are-also-image234606942.html
RMRHK7FA–. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. 284 THE BIOLOGY OF THE AMPHIBIA. D.GI. In the cloaca of the female salamander all three sets of glands may appear, although here they have different functions. The pelvic gland serves as a res- ervoir for the spermatozoa which migrate from the dis- integrating spermatophore held between the lips of the cloaca to these tubules in the roof of the cloaca (Noble and Weber, 1929). The cloacal glands which are present in all ambystomids, salamandrids, and primitive plethodontids, may play some part in egg- capsule formation. The ab- dominal glands are also
. A manual of elementary zoology . Zoology. EMBRYOLOGY 497 The alimentary canal arises from three rudiments: the stomodseum or fore-gut, which is of epiblastic canT ary origin and forms the mouth; the mesenteron or mid-gut, which is hypoblastic and forms the greater part of the canal; and the epiblastic proctodeum or hind-gut, which forms the cloacal opening. The pituit- ary body arises as an out- growth from the roof of the mouth. The gill-slits are formed by outgrowths from the (hypoblastic) pharynx, which meet and perforate the skin. The first of them, corresponding to the spiracle of the d Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-elementary-zoology-zoology-embryology-497-the-alimentary-canal-arises-from-three-rudiments-the-stomodseum-or-fore-gut-which-is-of-epiblastic-cant-ary-origin-and-forms-the-mouth-the-mesenteron-or-mid-gut-which-is-hypoblastic-and-forms-the-greater-part-of-the-canal-and-the-epiblastic-proctodeum-or-hind-gut-which-forms-the-cloacal-opening-the-pituit-ary-body-arises-as-an-out-growth-from-the-roof-of-the-mouth-the-gill-slits-are-formed-by-outgrowths-from-the-hypoblastic-pharynx-which-meet-and-perforate-the-skin-the-first-of-them-corresponding-to-the-spiracle-of-the-d-image232122527.html
RMRDJ2J7–. A manual of elementary zoology . Zoology. EMBRYOLOGY 497 The alimentary canal arises from three rudiments: the stomodseum or fore-gut, which is of epiblastic canT ary origin and forms the mouth; the mesenteron or mid-gut, which is hypoblastic and forms the greater part of the canal; and the epiblastic proctodeum or hind-gut, which forms the cloacal opening. The pituit- ary body arises as an out- growth from the roof of the mouth. The gill-slits are formed by outgrowths from the (hypoblastic) pharynx, which meet and perforate the skin. The first of them, corresponding to the spiracle of the d
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. The Preservation of Species 467 The third method, that of indirect ducts, is by far the most common. In elasmobranchs, dipnoans, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and monotremes the ducts open into a cloaca, but in mammals other than monotremes, directly to the outside as a result of the longitudinal splitting of the cloacal region into a dorsal digestive portion and a ventral urogenital passage-way. Generally in this third group the sperm, never entering the b Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-the-preservation-of-species-467-the-third-method-that-of-indirect-ducts-is-by-far-the-most-common-in-elasmobranchs-dipnoans-amphibians-reptiles-birds-and-monotremes-the-ducts-open-into-a-cloaca-but-in-mammals-other-than-monotremes-directly-to-the-outside-as-a-result-of-the-longitudinal-splitting-of-the-cloacal-region-into-a-dorsal-digestive-portion-and-a-ventral-urogenital-passage-way-generally-in-this-third-group-the-sperm-never-entering-the-b-image234596631.html
RMRHJPB3–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. The Preservation of Species 467 The third method, that of indirect ducts, is by far the most common. In elasmobranchs, dipnoans, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and monotremes the ducts open into a cloaca, but in mammals other than monotremes, directly to the outside as a result of the longitudinal splitting of the cloacal region into a dorsal digestive portion and a ventral urogenital passage-way. Generally in this third group the sperm, never entering the b
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Ankle bones and marsupial phylogeny 205 American: Marmosidae (Metachirus, Marmosops, Micoureus); Caluromyidae {Caluromysiops only) Australian: Phalangeridae; Macropodidae {Dendrolagus) 3. Perineal (non-cloacal): Mouth of rectal and urogenital ducts of both sexes com- pletely separated by perineum, occasional individual exceptions or integrades between stages 2 and 3 may occur. American: Didelphidae Australian: Macropodidae; Phalangeridae.. Fig. 1: A: Precaudal locat Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bonner-zoologische-beitrge-herausgeber-zoologisches-forschungsinstitut-und-museum-alexander-koenig-bonn-biology-zoology-ankle-bones-and-marsupial-phylogeny-205-american-marmosidae-metachirus-marmosops-micoureus-caluromyidae-caluromysiops-only-australian-phalangeridae-macropodidae-dendrolagus-3-perineal-non-cloacal-mouth-of-rectal-and-urogenital-ducts-of-both-sexes-com-pletely-separated-by-perineum-occasional-individual-exceptions-or-integrades-between-stages-2-and-3-may-occur-american-didelphidae-australian-macropodidae-phalangeridae-fig-1-a-precaudal-locat-image234485592.html
RMRHDMNC–. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Ankle bones and marsupial phylogeny 205 American: Marmosidae (Metachirus, Marmosops, Micoureus); Caluromyidae {Caluromysiops only) Australian: Phalangeridae; Macropodidae {Dendrolagus) 3. Perineal (non-cloacal): Mouth of rectal and urogenital ducts of both sexes com- pletely separated by perineum, occasional individual exceptions or integrades between stages 2 and 3 may occur. American: Didelphidae Australian: Macropodidae; Phalangeridae.. Fig. 1: A: Precaudal locat
. The anatomical record. Anatomy; Anatomy. 200 The Anatomical Eecord. In an adult female Phascolomys (Fig. 5) there is also a precloacal trans- transverse anastomsis, into which open cloacal veins. The ends of this arch are connected with the adductor vein on each side by a small vessel which runs along the pelvic arch to the interval between adductor niagnus and gracilis, which it enters after receiving a tributary from the post-axial margin of the thigh. The connection of this transverse precloacal arch with the superficial epigastrics is not direct as in Dasyurus. The epigastrics follow the Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-anatomical-record-anatomy-anatomy-200-the-anatomical-eecord-in-an-adult-female-phascolomys-fig-5-there-is-also-a-precloacal-trans-transverse-anastomsis-into-which-open-cloacal-veins-the-ends-of-this-arch-are-connected-with-the-adductor-vein-on-each-side-by-a-small-vessel-which-runs-along-the-pelvic-arch-to-the-interval-between-adductor-niagnus-and-gracilis-which-it-enters-after-receiving-a-tributary-from-the-post-axial-margin-of-the-thigh-the-connection-of-this-transverse-precloacal-arch-with-the-superficial-epigastrics-is-not-direct-as-in-dasyurus-the-epigastrics-follow-the-image236850747.html
RMRN9DF7–. The anatomical record. Anatomy; Anatomy. 200 The Anatomical Eecord. In an adult female Phascolomys (Fig. 5) there is also a precloacal trans- transverse anastomsis, into which open cloacal veins. The ends of this arch are connected with the adductor vein on each side by a small vessel which runs along the pelvic arch to the interval between adductor niagnus and gracilis, which it enters after receiving a tributary from the post-axial margin of the thigh. The connection of this transverse precloacal arch with the superficial epigastrics is not direct as in Dasyurus. The epigastrics follow the
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. Internal Transportation 371 the anterior fin buds to the common cardinals, and the ventral abdominal veins running along the ventral abdominal wall to empty into the sub- clavians. Meanwhile the posterior cardinals have grown back until they have joined with the cloacal loop and the subintestinal vein has subse- quently broken away from this loop. The hepatic portal system is now lim- ited to the draining of the digestive system, as in adult animals. tf f Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-internal-transportation-371-the-anterior-fin-buds-to-the-common-cardinals-and-the-ventral-abdominal-veins-running-along-the-ventral-abdominal-wall-to-empty-into-the-sub-clavians-meanwhile-the-posterior-cardinals-have-grown-back-until-they-have-joined-with-the-cloacal-loop-and-the-subintestinal-vein-has-subse-quently-broken-away-from-this-loop-the-hepatic-portal-system-is-now-lim-ited-to-the-draining-of-the-digestive-system-as-in-adult-animals-tf-f-image234597734.html
RMRHJRPE–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. Internal Transportation 371 the anterior fin buds to the common cardinals, and the ventral abdominal veins running along the ventral abdominal wall to empty into the sub- clavians. Meanwhile the posterior cardinals have grown back until they have joined with the cloacal loop and the subintestinal vein has subse- quently broken away from this loop. The hepatic portal system is now lim- ited to the draining of the digestive system, as in adult animals. tf f
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. 484 Biology of the Vertebrates cloacal end into a "uterus" for the temporary lodgment of the eggs. Vivip- arous teleosts, as also some elasmobranchs, have a well-developed highly vascularized uterus. Mammals, however, show the greatest differentiation of this organ. A uterine modification of the oviduct, when found among lower verte- brates, is usually a double structure, one for each oviduct, but with increas- ing coalescence of the oviducts in Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-484-biology-of-the-vertebrates-cloacal-end-into-a-quotuterusquot-for-the-temporary-lodgment-of-the-eggs-vivip-arous-teleosts-as-also-some-elasmobranchs-have-a-well-developed-highly-vascularized-uterus-mammals-however-show-the-greatest-differentiation-of-this-organ-a-uterine-modification-of-the-oviduct-when-found-among-lower-verte-brates-is-usually-a-double-structure-one-for-each-oviduct-but-with-increas-ing-coalescence-of-the-oviducts-in-image234596491.html
RMRHJP63–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. 484 Biology of the Vertebrates cloacal end into a "uterus" for the temporary lodgment of the eggs. Vivip- arous teleosts, as also some elasmobranchs, have a well-developed highly vascularized uterus. Mammals, however, show the greatest differentiation of this organ. A uterine modification of the oviduct, when found among lower verte- brates, is usually a double structure, one for each oviduct, but with increas- ing coalescence of the oviducts in
. Animal biology. Zoology; Biology. CLASS AMPHIBIA 379 tion called the stomodeum marks the beginning of the mouth, while toward the posterior end of the body, below the tail, which is developing backward, is formed another invagination, the proctodeum, which will become the cloacal opening. The medullary groove is converted into a medullary tube by the meeting of the ridges on each side of it. This tube in turn develops into the central nervous system. Eyes appear on each side of the head, and external gills are formed which project outward from the branchial arches. At the same time muscle se Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/animal-biology-zoology-biology-class-amphibia-379-tion-called-the-stomodeum-marks-the-beginning-of-the-mouth-while-toward-the-posterior-end-of-the-body-below-the-tail-which-is-developing-backward-is-formed-another-invagination-the-proctodeum-which-will-become-the-cloacal-opening-the-medullary-groove-is-converted-into-a-medullary-tube-by-the-meeting-of-the-ridges-on-each-side-of-it-this-tube-in-turn-develops-into-the-central-nervous-system-eyes-appear-on-each-side-of-the-head-and-external-gills-are-formed-which-project-outward-from-the-branchial-arches-at-the-same-time-muscle-se-image236763424.html
RMRN5E4G–. Animal biology. Zoology; Biology. CLASS AMPHIBIA 379 tion called the stomodeum marks the beginning of the mouth, while toward the posterior end of the body, below the tail, which is developing backward, is formed another invagination, the proctodeum, which will become the cloacal opening. The medullary groove is converted into a medullary tube by the meeting of the ridges on each side of it. This tube in turn develops into the central nervous system. Eyes appear on each side of the head, and external gills are formed which project outward from the branchial arches. At the same time muscle se
. Boys and girls in biology : or, Simple studies of the lower forms of life. Biology. THE FRESH-WATER MUSSEL. 97 dttctor, and the door which leads out of the back-room is the upper tube, or dorsal siphon. This little back- room, or dorsal chamber, which lies behind the inner gills, is also called the cloacal chamber, because it is the place where the intestinal tube empties. Cloaca means a sewer, or drain. There is a very old one, which empties itself into the Tiber, at Rome, called the Cloaca Maxima, for it is so large. When the water is low, you can see this great opening in the bank, and it Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/boys-and-girls-in-biology-or-simple-studies-of-the-lower-forms-of-life-biology-the-fresh-water-mussel-97-dttctor-and-the-door-which-leads-out-of-the-back-room-is-the-upper-tube-or-dorsal-siphon-this-little-back-room-or-dorsal-chamber-which-lies-behind-the-inner-gills-is-also-called-the-cloacal-chamber-because-it-is-the-place-where-the-intestinal-tube-empties-cloaca-means-a-sewer-or-drain-there-is-a-very-old-one-which-empties-itself-into-the-tiber-at-rome-called-the-cloaca-maxima-for-it-is-so-large-when-the-water-is-low-you-can-see-this-great-opening-in-the-bank-and-it-image234376528.html
RMRH8NJ8–. Boys and girls in biology : or, Simple studies of the lower forms of life. Biology. THE FRESH-WATER MUSSEL. 97 dttctor, and the door which leads out of the back-room is the upper tube, or dorsal siphon. This little back- room, or dorsal chamber, which lies behind the inner gills, is also called the cloacal chamber, because it is the place where the intestinal tube empties. Cloaca means a sewer, or drain. There is a very old one, which empties itself into the Tiber, at Rome, called the Cloaca Maxima, for it is so large. When the water is low, you can see this great opening in the bank, and it
. The elasmobranch fishes. Chondrichthyes. THE ELASMOBRANCn FISHES 209 the oviduct of the female. In certain forms, as we shall see later, the tips of the ovidncal veins are in communication with other veins in the cloacal region. POSTERIOR CARDINAL VEINS The posterior cardinal veins in the Elasmobranchs in general are two enlarged vessels located at the sides of, and ventral to, the spinal column and ventro- lateral to the dorsal aorta. In some types right and left postcardinals may. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-elasmobranch-fishes-chondrichthyes-the-elasmobrancn-fishes-209-the-oviduct-of-the-female-in-certain-forms-as-we-shall-see-later-the-tips-of-the-ovidncal-veins-are-in-communication-with-other-veins-in-the-cloacal-region-posterior-cardinal-veins-the-posterior-cardinal-veins-in-the-elasmobranchs-in-general-are-two-enlarged-vessels-located-at-the-sides-of-and-ventral-to-the-spinal-column-and-ventro-lateral-to-the-dorsal-aorta-in-some-types-right-and-left-postcardinals-may-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-image231892285.html
RMRD7GY9–. The elasmobranch fishes. Chondrichthyes. THE ELASMOBRANCn FISHES 209 the oviduct of the female. In certain forms, as we shall see later, the tips of the ovidncal veins are in communication with other veins in the cloacal region. POSTERIOR CARDINAL VEINS The posterior cardinal veins in the Elasmobranchs in general are two enlarged vessels located at the sides of, and ventral to, the spinal column and ventro- lateral to the dorsal aorta. In some types right and left postcardinals may. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 1336 THE UKINO-GENITAL SYSTEM. from the tail to the umbilical cord. At its cephalic end is a tubercle known as the cloacal tubercle, and behind lies the coccygeal tubercle. Immediately in front of the latter the anus is formed, and between this opening and the cloacal tubercle the urino-genital canal opens on the surface by a median slit-like aperture, the primitive urino-genital opening. The cloacal tubercle early becomes subdivided into an apical genital eminence which occupies the middle line and lies at the cephalic end of the slit-like urino-g Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/cunninghams-text-book-of-anatomy-anatomy-1336-the-ukino-genital-system-from-the-tail-to-the-umbilical-cord-at-its-cephalic-end-is-a-tubercle-known-as-the-cloacal-tubercle-and-behind-lies-the-coccygeal-tubercle-immediately-in-front-of-the-latter-the-anus-is-formed-and-between-this-opening-and-the-cloacal-tubercle-the-urino-genital-canal-opens-on-the-surface-by-a-median-slit-like-aperture-the-primitive-urino-genital-opening-the-cloacal-tubercle-early-becomes-subdivided-into-an-apical-genital-eminence-which-occupies-the-middle-line-and-lies-at-the-cephalic-end-of-the-slit-like-urino-g-image231867809.html
RMRD6DN5–. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. 1336 THE UKINO-GENITAL SYSTEM. from the tail to the umbilical cord. At its cephalic end is a tubercle known as the cloacal tubercle, and behind lies the coccygeal tubercle. Immediately in front of the latter the anus is formed, and between this opening and the cloacal tubercle the urino-genital canal opens on the surface by a median slit-like aperture, the primitive urino-genital opening. The cloacal tubercle early becomes subdivided into an apical genital eminence which occupies the middle line and lies at the cephalic end of the slit-like urino-g
. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. PHALLUS MORPHOLOGY IN CAECILIANS 149 the literature and warrants further histological examination. Tonutti (1931, 1933) viewed the longitudinal ridges as encompassing longi- tudinal 'propulsor' muscles but we are unable to verify this from his figured sections. Wake (1972: 354) described the ridges as 'longitu- dinal muscles overlain by fibrous connective tissue', but also warned (p. 363) that 'Caution must be exercised in interpreting the various folds in the cloacal wall. They may often not be muscle but may be ridges of connective tissue'. W Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-of-the-natural-history-museum-zoology-phallus-morphology-in-caecilians-149-the-literature-and-warrants-further-histological-examination-tonutti-1931-1933-viewed-the-longitudinal-ridges-as-encompassing-longi-tudinal-propulsor-muscles-but-we-are-unable-to-verify-this-from-his-figured-sections-wake-1972-354-described-the-ridges-as-longitu-dinal-muscles-overlain-by-fibrous-connective-tissue-but-also-warned-p-363-that-caution-must-be-exercised-in-interpreting-the-various-folds-in-the-cloacal-wall-they-may-often-not-be-muscle-but-may-be-ridges-of-connective-tissue-w-image233851504.html
RMRGCRYC–. Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Zoology. PHALLUS MORPHOLOGY IN CAECILIANS 149 the literature and warrants further histological examination. Tonutti (1931, 1933) viewed the longitudinal ridges as encompassing longi- tudinal 'propulsor' muscles but we are unable to verify this from his figured sections. Wake (1972: 354) described the ridges as 'longitu- dinal muscles overlain by fibrous connective tissue', but also warned (p. 363) that 'Caution must be exercised in interpreting the various folds in the cloacal wall. They may often not be muscle but may be ridges of connective tissue'. W
. A manual of zoology. THE METAZOA 60 ment. These digestive secretions are partly produced by the cells of the epithelium of the canal, which are modified to form unicellular or multicellular glands (p. 65), partly by certain large special digestive glands, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas. The nutrient parts of the food are by this means so acted upon that they are ready to be absorbed, and in most animals pass into the blood, to be distributed. Fig. 31. — General view of the viscera of a male frog, from the right side, a, stomach; fi, urinary bladder; c, small intestine; c/, cloacal aper Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-the-metazoa-60-ment-these-digestive-secretions-are-partly-produced-by-the-cells-of-the-epithelium-of-the-canal-which-are-modified-to-form-unicellular-or-multicellular-glands-p-65-partly-by-certain-large-special-digestive-glands-salivary-glands-liver-and-pancreas-the-nutrient-parts-of-the-food-are-by-this-means-so-acted-upon-that-they-are-ready-to-be-absorbed-and-in-most-animals-pass-into-the-blood-to-be-distributed-fig-31-general-view-of-the-viscera-of-a-male-frog-from-the-right-side-a-stomach-fi-urinary-bladder-c-small-intestine-c-cloacal-aper-image232109113.html
RMRDHDF5–. A manual of zoology. THE METAZOA 60 ment. These digestive secretions are partly produced by the cells of the epithelium of the canal, which are modified to form unicellular or multicellular glands (p. 65), partly by certain large special digestive glands, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas. The nutrient parts of the food are by this means so acted upon that they are ready to be absorbed, and in most animals pass into the blood, to be distributed. Fig. 31. — General view of the viscera of a male frog, from the right side, a, stomach; fi, urinary bladder; c, small intestine; c/, cloacal aper
. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 294 nOTIFEHA. alimentary canal consists of oesophagus, mastax (chewing stomach), glandular stomach, and intestine; all except the mastax cilated. The mastax bears two chitinous jaws (trojohi), which in life are in constant motion and comminute the food. The cerebral ganglion lies above the oesophagus, with which simple eyes and peculiar sense organs, the cervical tentacles, are frequently connected. The usually single ovary and the paired protonephridia emjity into the posterior part of the alimentary canal, which thus becomes cloacal in character. For a long ti Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-zoology-294-notifeha-alimentary-canal-consists-of-oesophagus-mastax-chewing-stomach-glandular-stomach-and-intestine-all-except-the-mastax-cilated-the-mastax-bears-two-chitinous-jaws-trojohi-which-in-life-are-in-constant-motion-and-comminute-the-food-the-cerebral-ganglion-lies-above-the-oesophagus-with-which-simple-eyes-and-peculiar-sense-organs-the-cervical-tentacles-are-frequently-connected-the-usually-single-ovary-and-the-paired-protonephridia-emjity-into-the-posterior-part-of-the-alimentary-canal-which-thus-becomes-cloacal-in-character-for-a-long-ti-image232351756.html
RMRE0F10–. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 294 nOTIFEHA. alimentary canal consists of oesophagus, mastax (chewing stomach), glandular stomach, and intestine; all except the mastax cilated. The mastax bears two chitinous jaws (trojohi), which in life are in constant motion and comminute the food. The cerebral ganglion lies above the oesophagus, with which simple eyes and peculiar sense organs, the cervical tentacles, are frequently connected. The usually single ovary and the paired protonephridia emjity into the posterior part of the alimentary canal, which thus becomes cloacal in character. For a long ti
. Annual report. New York State Museum; Science; Science. FOURTH REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR KJO/ 161 former was internal. These are silicious sponges allied to Euplec- tella and though we find no parallel expression of commensalism in the living glass sponges, yet Euplectella carries a parasite in the form of a crustacean which in youth enters its open cloacal cavity and remains there so that when the sponge has in adult growth built the terminal or sieveplate over its aperture the crustacean is wholly and permanently caged. A very commanding illustration of the association between the sponges and Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annual-report-new-york-state-museum-science-science-fourth-report-of-the-director-kjo-161-former-was-internal-these-are-silicious-sponges-allied-to-euplec-tella-and-though-we-find-no-parallel-expression-of-commensalism-in-the-living-glass-sponges-yet-euplectella-carries-a-parasite-in-the-form-of-a-crustacean-which-in-youth-enters-its-open-cloacal-cavity-and-remains-there-so-that-when-the-sponge-has-in-adult-growth-built-the-terminal-or-sieveplate-over-its-aperture-the-crustacean-is-wholly-and-permanently-caged-a-very-commanding-illustration-of-the-association-between-the-sponges-and-image236223212.html
RMRM8W38–. Annual report. New York State Museum; Science; Science. FOURTH REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR KJO/ 161 former was internal. These are silicious sponges allied to Euplec- tella and though we find no parallel expression of commensalism in the living glass sponges, yet Euplectella carries a parasite in the form of a crustacean which in youth enters its open cloacal cavity and remains there so that when the sponge has in adult growth built the terminal or sieveplate over its aperture the crustacean is wholly and permanently caged. A very commanding illustration of the association between the sponges and
. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. 124 BULLETIN OF THE branchial and cloacal apertures do not appear to be derived from the atrial tunic, as they make their appearance in the positions which they subsequently occupy. See Figs. 24 and 33. The Branchial Slits. — During the changes which have been de» scribed as taking place in the lateral atria, the mid-atrium has increased in size (Figs. 23, 24, and 25, i), and at last extends almost from the stomach to the ganglion (v). "When seen in section (Figs. 21 and 33, i), it presents an irregularly triangu Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-of-the-museum-of-comparative-zoology-at-harvard-college-zoology-124-bulletin-of-the-branchial-and-cloacal-apertures-do-not-appear-to-be-derived-from-the-atrial-tunic-as-they-make-their-appearance-in-the-positions-which-they-subsequently-occupy-see-figs-24-and-33-the-branchial-slits-during-the-changes-which-have-been-de-scribed-as-taking-place-in-the-lateral-atria-the-mid-atrium-has-increased-in-size-figs-23-24-and-25-i-and-at-last-extends-almost-from-the-stomach-to-the-ganglion-v-quotwhen-seen-in-section-figs-21-and-33-i-it-presents-an-irregularly-triangu-image233933572.html
RMRGGGJC–. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. Zoology. 124 BULLETIN OF THE branchial and cloacal apertures do not appear to be derived from the atrial tunic, as they make their appearance in the positions which they subsequently occupy. See Figs. 24 and 33. The Branchial Slits. — During the changes which have been de» scribed as taking place in the lateral atria, the mid-atrium has increased in size (Figs. 23, 24, and 25, i), and at last extends almost from the stomach to the ganglion (v). "When seen in section (Figs. 21 and 33, i), it presents an irregularly triangu
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. SPEK.MA-EGGS 53. fecimdation of the female without actual copulatiou. The female takes up such a deposited spermatophore with the cloacal lips, S([ueezes the sperma out of the capsule which remains liehind, and either conveys the former into a special receptaculum seminis, e.g. in Sahunnndra atra and in Triton, or the spermatozoa wrioole their way, thanks to the undulating tail, directly up the oviducts to tlie ova. The spermatophores are .composed of a colourless, soft, gela- tinous mass, which is probahly produced by the cloacal gland. The shell of j Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-cambridge-natural-history-zoology-spekma-eggs-53-fecimdation-of-the-female-without-actual-copulatiou-the-female-takes-up-such-a-deposited-spermatophore-with-the-cloacal-lips-s-ueezes-the-sperma-out-of-the-capsule-which-remains-liehind-and-either-conveys-the-former-into-a-special-receptaculum-seminis-eg-in-sahunnndra-atra-and-in-triton-or-the-spermatozoa-wrioole-their-way-thanks-to-the-undulating-tail-directly-up-the-oviducts-to-tlie-ova-the-spermatophores-are-composed-of-a-colourless-soft-gela-tinous-mass-which-is-probahly-produced-by-the-cloacal-gland-the-shell-of-j-image233648700.html
RMRG3H8C–. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. SPEK.MA-EGGS 53. fecimdation of the female without actual copulatiou. The female takes up such a deposited spermatophore with the cloacal lips, S([ueezes the sperma out of the capsule which remains liehind, and either conveys the former into a special receptaculum seminis, e.g. in Sahunnndra atra and in Triton, or the spermatozoa wrioole their way, thanks to the undulating tail, directly up the oviducts to tlie ova. The spermatophores are .composed of a colourless, soft, gela- tinous mass, which is probahly produced by the cloacal gland. The shell of j
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Marine biology. 56 LEONARD P. SAYLES AND S. G. HERSHKOWITZ rior attachment of the fin. This area is small, symmetrical, with rounded margins, and surrounded by marginal and then paramarginal scales. On the pelvic fins the fin-marginal scales are less massive than on other fins and the median borders are almost entirely covered by para- marginal scales. The cloaca is scale-free. There is a large scaleless area extending around the cloacal opening and continuing along the attachments of the median borders of the fins and onto their dorsal sur- faces w Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-marine-biology-56-leonard-p-sayles-and-s-g-hershkowitz-rior-attachment-of-the-fin-this-area-is-small-symmetrical-with-rounded-margins-and-surrounded-by-marginal-and-then-paramarginal-scales-on-the-pelvic-fins-the-fin-marginal-scales-are-less-massive-than-on-other-fins-and-the-median-borders-are-almost-entirely-covered-by-para-marginal-scales-the-cloaca-is-scale-free-there-is-a-large-scaleless-area-extending-around-the-cloacal-opening-and-continuing-along-the-attachments-of-the-median-borders-of-the-fins-and-onto-their-dorsal-sur-faces-w-image234615360.html
RMRHKJ80–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Marine biology. 56 LEONARD P. SAYLES AND S. G. HERSHKOWITZ rior attachment of the fin. This area is small, symmetrical, with rounded margins, and surrounded by marginal and then paramarginal scales. On the pelvic fins the fin-marginal scales are less massive than on other fins and the median borders are almost entirely covered by para- marginal scales. The cloaca is scale-free. There is a large scaleless area extending around the cloacal opening and continuing along the attachments of the median borders of the fins and onto their dorsal sur- faces w
. An atlas of human anatomy for students and physicians. Anatomy. 524 DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS Urogenital sinus , Sinus urogenitals V Genital eminence or genital tubercle Marginal lip of the cloacal orifice'. Caudal or coccygeal elevation, or rudimental tail Fig. 908.—External Genital Organs of a Fcetus IN THE Seventh Week. The urinary and genital cmals unite distally with the ah- mentary canal to form a common cavity, the cloaca,^ by which they communicate with the exterior.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanc Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/an-atlas-of-human-anatomy-for-students-and-physicians-anatomy-524-development-of-the-reproductive-organs-urogenital-sinus-sinus-urogenitals-v-genital-eminence-or-genital-tubercle-marginal-lip-of-the-cloacal-orifice-caudal-or-coccygeal-elevation-or-rudimental-tail-fig-908external-genital-organs-of-a-fcetus-in-the-seventh-week-the-urinary-and-genital-cmals-unite-distally-with-the-ah-mentary-canal-to-form-a-common-cavity-the-cloaca-by-which-they-communicate-with-the-exterior-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanc-image235393901.html
RMRJY391–. An atlas of human anatomy for students and physicians. Anatomy. 524 DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS Urogenital sinus , Sinus urogenitals V Genital eminence or genital tubercle Marginal lip of the cloacal orifice'. Caudal or coccygeal elevation, or rudimental tail Fig. 908.—External Genital Organs of a Fcetus IN THE Seventh Week. The urinary and genital cmals unite distally with the ah- mentary canal to form a common cavity, the cloaca,^ by which they communicate with the exterior.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanc
. A manual of zoology. 322 MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY sect. of an Ascidian, being of similar shape, with a rounded body and a long tail-like appendage attached to the ventral side, and with a distinct notochord. This, however, is an adult animal, known as Appendicuia- ria. It never becomes fixed and retains permanently its chordate characteristics. OT". Fig. 202.—BotryllUS violaceus. or, oral apertures; cl, opening of common cloacal chamber. (After Milne-Edwards.) A number of other Urochorda are permanently free-swimming, but these are all almost, if not quite, as thoroughly metamorphosed as the A Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-322-manual-of-zoology-sect-of-an-ascidian-being-of-similar-shape-with-a-rounded-body-and-a-long-tail-like-appendage-attached-to-the-ventral-side-and-with-a-distinct-notochord-this-however-is-an-adult-animal-known-as-appendicuia-ria-it-never-becomes-fixed-and-retains-permanently-its-chordate-characteristics-otquot-fig-202botryllus-violaceus-or-oral-apertures-cl-opening-of-common-cloacal-chamber-after-milne-edwards-a-number-of-other-urochorda-are-permanently-free-swimming-but-these-are-all-almost-if-not-quite-as-thoroughly-metamorphosed-as-the-a-image232132744.html
RMRDJFK4–. A manual of zoology. 322 MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY sect. of an Ascidian, being of similar shape, with a rounded body and a long tail-like appendage attached to the ventral side, and with a distinct notochord. This, however, is an adult animal, known as Appendicuia- ria. It never becomes fixed and retains permanently its chordate characteristics. OT". Fig. 202.—BotryllUS violaceus. or, oral apertures; cl, opening of common cloacal chamber. (After Milne-Edwards.) A number of other Urochorda are permanently free-swimming, but these are all almost, if not quite, as thoroughly metamorphosed as the A
. Elementary text-book of zoology. RANA. 341 From its ventral wall, large bilobed urinary rectum which opens into the cloaca, close to the cloacal aperture, is a bladder. Close to the pancreas, and near the head of the rectum, is a round reddish spleen, one of the ductless glands. At the extreme front end of the abdominal cavity there lies dorsally a pair of lungs. Each rests loosely in the cavity, but is attached anteriorly to the oesophagus. If the lungs be inflated by a blowpipe through the glottis they will be seen to consist of hollow sacs of great elasticity. When punctured they return t Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/elementary-text-book-of-zoology-rana-341-from-its-ventral-wall-large-bilobed-urinary-rectum-which-opens-into-the-cloaca-close-to-the-cloacal-aperture-is-a-bladder-close-to-the-pancreas-and-near-the-head-of-the-rectum-is-a-round-reddish-spleen-one-of-the-ductless-glands-at-the-extreme-front-end-of-the-abdominal-cavity-there-lies-dorsally-a-pair-of-lungs-each-rests-loosely-in-the-cavity-but-is-attached-anteriorly-to-the-oesophagus-if-the-lungs-be-inflated-by-a-blowpipe-through-the-glottis-they-will-be-seen-to-consist-of-hollow-sacs-of-great-elasticity-when-punctured-they-return-t-image232113526.html
RMRDHK4P–. Elementary text-book of zoology. RANA. 341 From its ventral wall, large bilobed urinary rectum which opens into the cloaca, close to the cloacal aperture, is a bladder. Close to the pancreas, and near the head of the rectum, is a round reddish spleen, one of the ductless glands. At the extreme front end of the abdominal cavity there lies dorsally a pair of lungs. Each rests loosely in the cavity, but is attached anteriorly to the oesophagus. If the lungs be inflated by a blowpipe through the glottis they will be seen to consist of hollow sacs of great elasticity. When punctured they return t
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 48 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM anterior ampullae is sometimes partially divided and a vascular process appears on the left side of the trunk between the visceral mass and the ampullae. The spicules (Fig. 29A) are of uniform stellate shape, the largest being 35 jitm in diameter. The rays are fibrous and have blunt tips. The leopard pigmentation of this species is characteristic, as is the kind of beak made by the anterior and posterior rims of the cloacal siphon in young zooids. The colonies ar Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-48-annals-of-the-south-african-museum-anterior-ampullae-is-sometimes-partially-divided-and-a-vascular-process-appears-on-the-left-side-of-the-trunk-between-the-visceral-mass-and-the-ampullae-the-spicules-fig-29a-are-of-uniform-stellate-shape-the-largest-being-35-jitm-in-diameter-the-rays-are-fibrous-and-have-blunt-tips-the-leopard-pigmentation-of-this-species-is-characteristic-as-is-the-kind-of-beak-made-by-the-anterior-and-posterior-rims-of-the-cloacal-siphon-in-young-zooids-the-colonies-ar-image236511336.html
RMRMP0HC–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 48 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM anterior ampullae is sometimes partially divided and a vascular process appears on the left side of the trunk between the visceral mass and the ampullae. The spicules (Fig. 29A) are of uniform stellate shape, the largest being 35 jitm in diameter. The rays are fibrous and have blunt tips. The leopard pigmentation of this species is characteristic, as is the kind of beak made by the anterior and posterior rims of the cloacal siphon in young zooids. The colonies ar
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. ASCIDIANS OF THE PHILIPPINES VAN NAME. 149 of the object on which it grew, not to any difference of species. Color usually chalky or yellowish white. In specimens from two stations (D5139 and D5154) the upper or free surface of the colony is somewhat mottled with a blackish pigment. The branchial aper- tures of the zooids appear in the contracted preserved specimens as minute depressions, and in some specimens are quite conspicu- ous. Common cloacal apertures are only occasionally recognizable, but are apparently generally rather numerously Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-ascidians-of-the-philippines-van-name-149-of-the-object-on-which-it-grew-not-to-any-difference-of-species-color-usually-chalky-or-yellowish-white-in-specimens-from-two-stations-d5139-and-d5154-the-upper-or-free-surface-of-the-colony-is-somewhat-mottled-with-a-blackish-pigment-the-branchial-aper-tures-of-the-zooids-appear-in-the-contracted-preserved-specimens-as-minute-depressions-and-in-some-specimens-are-quite-conspicu-ous-common-cloacal-apertures-are-only-occasionally-recognizable-but-are-apparently-generally-rather-numerously-image233727895.html
RMRG768R–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. ASCIDIANS OF THE PHILIPPINES VAN NAME. 149 of the object on which it grew, not to any difference of species. Color usually chalky or yellowish white. In specimens from two stations (D5139 and D5154) the upper or free surface of the colony is somewhat mottled with a blackish pigment. The branchial aper- tures of the zooids appear in the contracted preserved specimens as minute depressions, and in some specimens are quite conspicu- ous. Common cloacal apertures are only occasionally recognizable, but are apparently generally rather numerously
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 344 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM ever, has more recently (1918a) described alae along each lateral line, extending from the base of the buccal lips to the posterior end of the body (175/* anterior to the cloacal aperture) and at the origin of the alae a long bifid spine (52/* long). (Fig. 4:07a and b.) He states that it is to the existence of these bifid cephalic spines that the name fissispina is due and not to the rows of esophageal spines; they are simple. According to Travassos, the cervical papillae are 150//, from the an Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-344-bulletin-140-united-states-national-museum-ever-has-more-recently-1918a-described-alae-along-each-lateral-line-extending-from-the-base-of-the-buccal-lips-to-the-posterior-end-of-the-body-175-anterior-to-the-cloacal-aperture-and-at-the-origin-of-the-alae-a-long-bifid-spine-52-long-fig-407a-and-b-he-states-that-it-is-to-the-existence-of-these-bifid-cephalic-spines-that-the-name-fissispina-is-due-and-not-to-the-rows-of-esophageal-spines-they-are-simple-according-to-travassos-the-cervical-papillae-are-150-from-the-an-image233740708.html
RMRG7PJC–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 344 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM ever, has more recently (1918a) described alae along each lateral line, extending from the base of the buccal lips to the posterior end of the body (175/* anterior to the cloacal aperture) and at the origin of the alae a long bifid spine (52/* long). (Fig. 4:07a and b.) He states that it is to the existence of these bifid cephalic spines that the name fissispina is due and not to the rows of esophageal spines; they are simple. According to Travassos, the cervical papillae are 150//, from the an
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. j--Large Intestine ^-Bladder — Cloaca —Cloacal Opening Fig. 215. Digestive tube of a turtle. (After But- schli.) In man the colic caecum, with its troublesome shriveled prolongation, the processus vermiforrnis, or "vermiform appendix" (Fig. 216), has outlived its usefulness and bears an unsavory reputation. Birds have typically two colic caeca (Fig. 217). 1|> „ Large I *."iill Intestine-.-.J!]. Caecum —-—3 Processus Vermiforrnis-. Please Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-j-large-intestine-bladder-cloaca-cloacal-opening-fig-215-digestive-tube-of-a-turtle-after-but-schli-in-man-the-colic-caecum-with-its-troublesome-shriveled-prolongation-the-processus-vermiforrnis-or-quotvermiform-appendixquot-fig-216-has-outlived-its-usefulness-and-bears-an-unsavory-reputation-birds-have-typically-two-colic-caeca-fig-217-1gt-large-i-quotiill-intestine-j!-caecum-3-processus-vermiforrnis-please-image234598709.html
RMRHJW19–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. j--Large Intestine ^-Bladder — Cloaca —Cloacal Opening Fig. 215. Digestive tube of a turtle. (After But- schli.) In man the colic caecum, with its troublesome shriveled prolongation, the processus vermiforrnis, or "vermiform appendix" (Fig. 216), has outlived its usefulness and bears an unsavory reputation. Birds have typically two colic caeca (Fig. 217). 1|> „ Large I *."iill Intestine-.-.J!]. Caecum —-—3 Processus Vermiforrnis-. Please
. Comparative embryology of the vertebrates; with 2057 drawings and photos. grouped as 380 illus. Vertebrates -- Embryology; Comparative embryology. Fig. 107. Intromittent organ of the tailed frog of America, Ascaphus truei. (After Noble, '31.) (A) Cloacal appendage. (B) Ventral view of same. (C) Fully distended appendage, showing spines on distal end. Opening of cloaca shown in the center. SPERMATHECA . â â¢"^,^ DOR SAL. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrat Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-embryology-of-the-vertebrates-with-2057-drawings-and-photos-grouped-as-380-illus-vertebrates-embryology-comparative-embryology-fig-107-intromittent-organ-of-the-tailed-frog-of-america-ascaphus-truei-after-noble-31-a-cloacal-appendage-b-ventral-view-of-same-c-fully-distended-appendage-showing-spines-on-distal-end-opening-of-cloaca-shown-in-the-center-spermatheca-quot-dor-sal-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrat-image232650733.html
RMREE4AN–. Comparative embryology of the vertebrates; with 2057 drawings and photos. grouped as 380 illus. Vertebrates -- Embryology; Comparative embryology. Fig. 107. Intromittent organ of the tailed frog of America, Ascaphus truei. (After Noble, '31.) (A) Cloacal appendage. (B) Ventral view of same. (C) Fully distended appendage, showing spines on distal end. Opening of cloaca shown in the center. SPERMATHECA . â â¢"^,^ DOR SAL. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrat
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. the so-called cyathozooid, corresponds to the solitary form of Doliolum and of Salpa (fig. 7). In Pyrosoma the solitary generation is reduced to a transient, embryonic stage. This cyathozooid gives rise very early to four buds, or primary ascidiozooids, which in turn bud and form a great number ol secondary ascidiozooids; and thus the colony is established. The stolon of the cyathozooid develops very early as a prominent, sac-like outgrowth from that end of the embryo which lies opposite to the cloacal aperture (figs. 6 and 7). This outgrowt Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-the-so-called-cyathozooid-corresponds-to-the-solitary-form-of-doliolum-and-of-salpa-fig-7-in-pyrosoma-the-solitary-generation-is-reduced-to-a-transient-embryonic-stage-this-cyathozooid-gives-rise-very-early-to-four-buds-or-primary-ascidiozooids-which-in-turn-bud-and-form-a-great-number-ol-secondary-ascidiozooids-and-thus-the-colony-is-established-the-stolon-of-the-cyathozooid-develops-very-early-as-a-prominent-sac-like-outgrowth-from-that-end-of-the-embryo-which-lies-opposite-to-the-cloacal-aperture-figs-6-and-7-this-outgrowt-image233726185.html
RMRG743N–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. the so-called cyathozooid, corresponds to the solitary form of Doliolum and of Salpa (fig. 7). In Pyrosoma the solitary generation is reduced to a transient, embryonic stage. This cyathozooid gives rise very early to four buds, or primary ascidiozooids, which in turn bud and form a great number ol secondary ascidiozooids; and thus the colony is established. The stolon of the cyathozooid develops very early as a prominent, sac-like outgrowth from that end of the embryo which lies opposite to the cloacal aperture (figs. 6 and 7). This outgrowt
. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. SNAKES. 579 of the epidermis have much coherence, and are periodically shed in a continuous slough. The scales on the head form large plates, and those on the ventral surface are transverse shields. There are no separate eyelids, but the thin trans- parent epidermis extends over the staring eyes. The nostrils lie near the tip of the head; there are no external ear open- ings. In many cases there are odoriferous glands near the cloacal aperture. The muscular system is very highly developed, and the hmbless serpent, Owen says, " can outclimb the monkey, outsw Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/outlines-of-zoology-zoology-snakes-579-of-the-epidermis-have-much-coherence-and-are-periodically-shed-in-a-continuous-slough-the-scales-on-the-head-form-large-plates-and-those-on-the-ventral-surface-are-transverse-shields-there-are-no-separate-eyelids-but-the-thin-trans-parent-epidermis-extends-over-the-staring-eyes-the-nostrils-lie-near-the-tip-of-the-head-there-are-no-external-ear-open-ings-in-many-cases-there-are-odoriferous-glands-near-the-cloacal-aperture-the-muscular-system-is-very-highly-developed-and-the-hmbless-serpent-owen-says-quot-can-outclimb-the-monkey-outsw-image232345474.html
RMRE070J–. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. SNAKES. 579 of the epidermis have much coherence, and are periodically shed in a continuous slough. The scales on the head form large plates, and those on the ventral surface are transverse shields. There are no separate eyelids, but the thin trans- parent epidermis extends over the staring eyes. The nostrils lie near the tip of the head; there are no external ear open- ings. In many cases there are odoriferous glands near the cloacal aperture. The muscular system is very highly developed, and the hmbless serpent, Owen says, " can outclimb the monkey, outsw
. The elasmobranch fishes. Chondrichthyes. pharyngeal?) regions; (2) a long middle portion lined with entoderm which includes in the adult the segments from the oesophagus to the end of the rectum, and finally (3) a posterior proctodeimi or cloacal area also lined with ectoderm. From these simple beginnings the complex tract results. As growth proceeds a series of dilations and con- strictions divides the tract into parts characteristic of the adult. These we shall next consider in order. Buccal Cavity The mouth in Elasmobranchs is a large crescent which is usually ventral, although in certain Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-elasmobranch-fishes-chondrichthyes-pharyngeal-regions-2-a-long-middle-portion-lined-with-entoderm-which-includes-in-the-adult-the-segments-from-the-oesophagus-to-the-end-of-the-rectum-and-finally-3-a-posterior-proctodeimi-or-cloacal-area-also-lined-with-ectoderm-from-these-simple-beginnings-the-complex-tract-results-as-growth-proceeds-a-series-of-dilations-and-con-strictions-divides-the-tract-into-parts-characteristic-of-the-adult-these-we-shall-next-consider-in-order-buccal-cavity-the-mouth-in-elasmobranchs-is-a-large-crescent-which-is-usually-ventral-although-in-certain-image231892667.html
RMRD7HCY–. The elasmobranch fishes. Chondrichthyes. pharyngeal?) regions; (2) a long middle portion lined with entoderm which includes in the adult the segments from the oesophagus to the end of the rectum, and finally (3) a posterior proctodeimi or cloacal area also lined with ectoderm. From these simple beginnings the complex tract results. As growth proceeds a series of dilations and con- strictions divides the tract into parts characteristic of the adult. These we shall next consider in order. Buccal Cavity The mouth in Elasmobranchs is a large crescent which is usually ventral, although in certain
. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. 578 REPTILES. ing is often slightly developed, and there is no tympanic cavity. The heart is three-chambered, the ventricular septum being incomplete, as in all Reptiles except Crocodilians. There is a transverse cloacal aperture. In the males a double saccular and spiny copulatory organ is eversible from the cloaca. Snakes are widely distributed, but are most abundant in the tropics. General notes on snakes.—Snakes, especially when poisonous, are often brightly coloured. The scales on the head form large plates, and those on the ventral surface are. rl Fig. 251 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/outlines-of-zoology-zoology-578-reptiles-ing-is-often-slightly-developed-and-there-is-no-tympanic-cavity-the-heart-is-three-chambered-the-ventricular-septum-being-incomplete-as-in-all-reptiles-except-crocodilians-there-is-a-transverse-cloacal-aperture-in-the-males-a-double-saccular-and-spiny-copulatory-organ-is-eversible-from-the-cloaca-snakes-are-widely-distributed-but-are-most-abundant-in-the-tropics-general-notes-on-snakessnakes-especially-when-poisonous-are-often-brightly-coloured-the-scales-on-the-head-form-large-plates-and-those-on-the-ventral-surface-are-rl-fig-251-image232213260.html
RMRDP6AM–. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. 578 REPTILES. ing is often slightly developed, and there is no tympanic cavity. The heart is three-chambered, the ventricular septum being incomplete, as in all Reptiles except Crocodilians. There is a transverse cloacal aperture. In the males a double saccular and spiny copulatory organ is eversible from the cloaca. Snakes are widely distributed, but are most abundant in the tropics. General notes on snakes.—Snakes, especially when poisonous, are often brightly coloured. The scales on the head form large plates, and those on the ventral surface are. rl Fig. 251
. Comparative anatomy. Anatomy, Comparative. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 293 ilates it, and extrudes what remains. Tlie porifera, though they have a cloacal cavity, do their feeding essentially like protozoa, each cell for itself. The first real step in evolving a proper digestive system is taken by the coelenterates. These, as their name affirms, have a cavity or enteron which is also the digestive tract. This has but one opening to the exterior, which serves both as mouth and anus.. Fig. 244.—Diagram of a vertebrate, a, anus; b, brain; c, coelom; da, dorsal aorta; df, dorsal fin; g, gonad; gd, geni Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-the-digestive-system-293-ilates-it-and-extrudes-what-remains-tlie-porifera-though-they-have-a-cloacal-cavity-do-their-feeding-essentially-like-protozoa-each-cell-for-itself-the-first-real-step-in-evolving-a-proper-digestive-system-is-taken-by-the-coelenterates-these-as-their-name-affirms-have-a-cavity-or-enteron-which-is-also-the-digestive-tract-this-has-but-one-opening-to-the-exterior-which-serves-both-as-mouth-and-anus-fig-244diagram-of-a-vertebrate-a-anus-b-brain-c-coelom-da-dorsal-aorta-df-dorsal-fin-g-gonad-gd-geni-image232676995.html
RMREF9TK–. Comparative anatomy. Anatomy, Comparative. THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 293 ilates it, and extrudes what remains. Tlie porifera, though they have a cloacal cavity, do their feeding essentially like protozoa, each cell for itself. The first real step in evolving a proper digestive system is taken by the coelenterates. These, as their name affirms, have a cavity or enteron which is also the digestive tract. This has but one opening to the exterior, which serves both as mouth and anus.. Fig. 244.—Diagram of a vertebrate, a, anus; b, brain; c, coelom; da, dorsal aorta; df, dorsal fin; g, gonad; gd, geni
. A text-book of invertebrate morphology. Invertebrates. 588 INVERTEBRATE MORPEOLOOT. the Synaptidae two much-branched structures termed the re- spiratory trees (Jc). As their name indicates, these structures are supposed to have a respiratory function, but it is possi- ble that they may also aid in excretion, the waste products of metabolism collecting in the cells lining the interior of the. Pig. 269.- -Diagram rbpbbsbnting the Ikteenai Anatomt op a Holo- THTJRIAN (after LuDwiQ from Leunis). i' = cloacal opening. k = respiiatory trees. I = Cuvierian organ, m — dorsal mesentery. n = duct of r Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-text-book-of-invertebrate-morphology-invertebrates-588-invertebrate-morpeoloot-the-synaptidae-two-much-branched-structures-termed-the-re-spiratory-trees-jc-as-their-name-indicates-these-structures-are-supposed-to-have-a-respiratory-function-but-it-is-possi-ble-that-they-may-also-aid-in-excretion-the-waste-products-of-metabolism-collecting-in-the-cells-lining-the-interior-of-the-pig-269-diagram-rbpbbsbnting-the-ikteenai-anatomt-op-a-holo-thtjrian-after-ludwiq-from-leunis-i-=-cloacal-opening-k-=-respiiatory-trees-i-=-cuvierian-organ-m-dorsal-mesentery-n-=-duct-of-r-image232345536.html
RMRE072T–. A text-book of invertebrate morphology. Invertebrates. 588 INVERTEBRATE MORPEOLOOT. the Synaptidae two much-branched structures termed the re- spiratory trees (Jc). As their name indicates, these structures are supposed to have a respiratory function, but it is possi- ble that they may also aid in excretion, the waste products of metabolism collecting in the cells lining the interior of the. Pig. 269.- -Diagram rbpbbsbnting the Ikteenai Anatomt op a Holo- THTJRIAN (after LuDwiQ from Leunis). i' = cloacal opening. k = respiiatory trees. I = Cuvierian organ, m — dorsal mesentery. n = duct of r
. Chordate anatomy. Chordata; Anatomy, Comparative. 2l6 CHORDATE ANATOMY ilates it, and extrudes what remains. The Porifera, though they have a cloacal cavity, do their feeding essentially like Protozoa, each cell for itself. The first real step in evolving a proper digestive system is taken by the coelenterates. These, as their name affirms, have a cavity or enteron which is the digestive tract. This has but one opening to the exterior, which serves both as mouth and anus. See Fig. 375.. Fig. 202.—Diagram of a vertebrate, a, anus; h, brain; df, dorsal fin; h, heart; i, intestine; /, liver; m, Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/chordate-anatomy-chordata-anatomy-comparative-2l6-chordate-anatomy-ilates-it-and-extrudes-what-remains-the-porifera-though-they-have-a-cloacal-cavity-do-their-feeding-essentially-like-protozoa-each-cell-for-itself-the-first-real-step-in-evolving-a-proper-digestive-system-is-taken-by-the-coelenterates-these-as-their-name-affirms-have-a-cavity-or-enteron-which-is-the-digestive-tract-this-has-but-one-opening-to-the-exterior-which-serves-both-as-mouth-and-anus-see-fig-375-fig-202diagram-of-a-vertebrate-a-anus-h-brain-df-dorsal-fin-h-heart-i-intestine-liver-m-image234909277.html
RMRJ5151–. Chordate anatomy. Chordata; Anatomy, Comparative. 2l6 CHORDATE ANATOMY ilates it, and extrudes what remains. The Porifera, though they have a cloacal cavity, do their feeding essentially like Protozoa, each cell for itself. The first real step in evolving a proper digestive system is taken by the coelenterates. These, as their name affirms, have a cavity or enteron which is the digestive tract. This has but one opening to the exterior, which serves both as mouth and anus. See Fig. 375.. Fig. 202.—Diagram of a vertebrate, a, anus; h, brain; df, dorsal fin; h, heart; i, intestine; /, liver; m,
. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. Uterus- Fallopian Tube Ostium Tubae %ln Vagina'" if™Urethra Fig. 367. Urogenital apparatus of female mammal. IV. BLADDERS The continuous excretion of liquids from the kidneys has given rise to the necessity for a temporary storage sac which may be emptied at suitable intervals. There are three general types of urinary sacs, or bladders, namely, tubal, cloacal, and allantoic. Tubal bladders, which are present in most fishes from the ganoids on, Urinar Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/biology-of-the-vertebrates-a-comparative-study-of-man-and-his-animal-allies-vertebrates-vertebrates-anatomy-anatomy-comparative-uterus-fallopian-tube-ostium-tubae-ln-vaginaquot-ifurethra-fig-367-urogenital-apparatus-of-female-mammal-iv-bladders-the-continuous-excretion-of-liquids-from-the-kidneys-has-given-rise-to-the-necessity-for-a-temporary-storage-sac-which-may-be-emptied-at-suitable-intervals-there-are-three-general-types-of-urinary-sacs-or-bladders-namely-tubal-cloacal-and-allantoic-tubal-bladders-which-are-present-in-most-fishes-from-the-ganoids-on-urinar-image234596982.html
RMRHJPRJ–. Biology of the vertebrates : a comparative study of man and his animal allies. Vertebrates; Vertebrates -- Anatomy; Anatomy, Comparative. Uterus- Fallopian Tube Ostium Tubae %ln Vagina'" if™Urethra Fig. 367. Urogenital apparatus of female mammal. IV. BLADDERS The continuous excretion of liquids from the kidneys has given rise to the necessity for a temporary storage sac which may be emptied at suitable intervals. There are three general types of urinary sacs, or bladders, namely, tubal, cloacal, and allantoic. Tubal bladders, which are present in most fishes from the ganoids on, Urinar
. Elementary text-book of zoology. Plate IX.—Second Dissection of the Pigeon. {Ad nat.) Post-caval entering Right Auricle. Heart, Pulmonary Veins entering Left Auricle. Left Lobe of Liver. Proventri cuius (Spleen to Right). Kpigastric.. Rectal Cseca. Rectum., Cloacal Aperture. 'ancreas (with Three Ducts). Posterior-mesenteric. The sternum is removed by lateral cuts through the ribs, the coracoids and clavicles. The liver and heart are both thrown forwards, and the duodenum and omentum are thrown to the left, the ileum to the right. In the mesentery are seen the two bile ducts (while) the porta Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/elementary-text-book-of-zoology-plate-ixsecond-dissection-of-the-pigeon-ad-nat-post-caval-entering-right-auricle-heart-pulmonary-veins-entering-left-auricle-left-lobe-of-liver-proventri-cuius-spleen-to-right-kpigastric-rectal-cseca-rectum-cloacal-aperture-ancreas-with-three-ducts-posterior-mesenteric-the-sternum-is-removed-by-lateral-cuts-through-the-ribs-the-coracoids-and-clavicles-the-liver-and-heart-are-both-thrown-forwards-and-the-duodenum-and-omentum-are-thrown-to-the-left-the-ileum-to-the-right-in-the-mesentery-are-seen-the-two-bile-ducts-while-the-porta-image232088688.html
RMRDGFDM–. Elementary text-book of zoology. Plate IX.—Second Dissection of the Pigeon. {Ad nat.) Post-caval entering Right Auricle. Heart, Pulmonary Veins entering Left Auricle. Left Lobe of Liver. Proventri cuius (Spleen to Right). Kpigastric.. Rectal Cseca. Rectum., Cloacal Aperture. 'ancreas (with Three Ducts). Posterior-mesenteric. The sternum is removed by lateral cuts through the ribs, the coracoids and clavicles. The liver and heart are both thrown forwards, and the duodenum and omentum are thrown to the left, the ileum to the right. In the mesentery are seen the two bile ducts (while) the porta
. Text-book of embryology. Embryology. 636 mVEETEBRATA chap. mesoderm. A posterior mass is the rudiment of the elaeoblast, a protuberant mass of fatty globules which probably represents the last vestige of the lost larval tail. The pharyngeal cavity then appears in the centre of the median portion of the endodermic mass. It is nearly divided into two by a median dorsal infolding, the rudiment of the adult "gill." The cloacal cavity appears as a median invagina- tion of ectoderm, and unites with the pharynx at the sides of this so-called " gill." The nervous system separates Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/text-book-of-embryology-embryology-636-mveetebrata-chap-mesoderm-a-posterior-mass-is-the-rudiment-of-the-elaeoblast-a-protuberant-mass-of-fatty-globules-which-probably-represents-the-last-vestige-of-the-lost-larval-tail-the-pharyngeal-cavity-then-appears-in-the-centre-of-the-median-portion-of-the-endodermic-mass-it-is-nearly-divided-into-two-by-a-median-dorsal-infolding-the-rudiment-of-the-adult-quotgillquot-the-cloacal-cavity-appears-as-a-median-invagina-tion-of-ectoderm-and-unites-with-the-pharynx-at-the-sides-of-this-so-called-quot-gillquot-the-nervous-system-separates-image232126004.html
RMRDJ72C–. Text-book of embryology. Embryology. 636 mVEETEBRATA chap. mesoderm. A posterior mass is the rudiment of the elaeoblast, a protuberant mass of fatty globules which probably represents the last vestige of the lost larval tail. The pharyngeal cavity then appears in the centre of the median portion of the endodermic mass. It is nearly divided into two by a median dorsal infolding, the rudiment of the adult "gill." The cloacal cavity appears as a median invagina- tion of ectoderm, and unites with the pharynx at the sides of this so-called " gill." The nervous system separates
. The anatomical record. Anatomy; Anatomy. «® 19 Fig. 18 A transseetion of the wall of the anterior region of the rectum or large intestine of the hibernating animal, under low magnification; tp, tunica propria; other letters as in figure 8. Fig. 19 The epithelium of the anterior region of the rectum of the hibernating animal, under high magnification; e, epithelium; tp, tunica propria. The epithelium, shown under high magnification in figure 19, is of the same character and thickness throughout, except that as the cloacal aperture is approached the columnar epithelium changes into the stratif Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-anatomical-record-anatomy-anatomy-19-fig-18-a-transseetion-of-the-wall-of-the-anterior-region-of-the-rectum-or-large-intestine-of-the-hibernating-animal-under-low-magnification-tp-tunica-propria-other-letters-as-in-figure-8-fig-19-the-epithelium-of-the-anterior-region-of-the-rectum-of-the-hibernating-animal-under-high-magnification-e-epithelium-tp-tunica-propria-the-epithelium-shown-under-high-magnification-in-figure-19-is-of-the-same-character-and-thickness-throughout-except-that-as-the-cloacal-aperture-is-approached-the-columnar-epithelium-changes-into-the-stratif-image236850826.html
RMRN9DJ2–. The anatomical record. Anatomy; Anatomy. «® 19 Fig. 18 A transseetion of the wall of the anterior region of the rectum or large intestine of the hibernating animal, under low magnification; tp, tunica propria; other letters as in figure 8. Fig. 19 The epithelium of the anterior region of the rectum of the hibernating animal, under high magnification; e, epithelium; tp, tunica propria. The epithelium, shown under high magnification in figure 19, is of the same character and thickness throughout, except that as the cloacal aperture is approached the columnar epithelium changes into the stratif
. The elasmobranch fishes. Chondrichthyes. 128 THE ELASMOBRANCH FISHES. pharyngeal?) regions; (2) a long middle portion lined with entoderm which includes in the adult the segments from the oesophagus to the end of the rectum, and finally (3) a posterior proctodeimi or cloacal area also lined with ectoderm. From these simple beginnings the complex tract results. As growth proceeds a series of dilations and con- strictions divides the tract into parts characteristic of the adult. These we shall next consider in order. Buccal Cavity The mouth in Elasmobranchs is a large crescent which is usually Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-elasmobranch-fishes-chondrichthyes-128-the-elasmobranch-fishes-pharyngeal-regions-2-a-long-middle-portion-lined-with-entoderm-which-includes-in-the-adult-the-segments-from-the-oesophagus-to-the-end-of-the-rectum-and-finally-3-a-posterior-proctodeimi-or-cloacal-area-also-lined-with-ectoderm-from-these-simple-beginnings-the-complex-tract-results-as-growth-proceeds-a-series-of-dilations-and-con-strictions-divides-the-tract-into-parts-characteristic-of-the-adult-these-we-shall-next-consider-in-order-buccal-cavity-the-mouth-in-elasmobranchs-is-a-large-crescent-which-is-usually-image231892668.html
RMRD7HD0–. The elasmobranch fishes. Chondrichthyes. 128 THE ELASMOBRANCH FISHES. pharyngeal?) regions; (2) a long middle portion lined with entoderm which includes in the adult the segments from the oesophagus to the end of the rectum, and finally (3) a posterior proctodeimi or cloacal area also lined with ectoderm. From these simple beginnings the complex tract results. As growth proceeds a series of dilations and con- strictions divides the tract into parts characteristic of the adult. These we shall next consider in order. Buccal Cavity The mouth in Elasmobranchs is a large crescent which is usually
. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. 495 that articulates with the body a little to the right of the cloacal ori- fice. The head also is malformed, the eyeballs are absent, the cere- bral hemispheres are exposed and the upper bill absent; in the latter condition it resembles that of chick number 7. 10. This specimen is of a kitten at full term and presents four hind legs and a malformation of left eye and submaxillary region (Fig. 8). In the gross specimen the duplication of the caudal portion of the body starts in the lumbar region. Both parts are equally devel Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/anatomischer-anzeiger-anatomy-comparative-anatomy-comparative-495-that-articulates-with-the-body-a-little-to-the-right-of-the-cloacal-ori-fice-the-head-also-is-malformed-the-eyeballs-are-absent-the-cere-bral-hemispheres-are-exposed-and-the-upper-bill-absent-in-the-latter-condition-it-resembles-that-of-chick-number-7-10-this-specimen-is-of-a-kitten-at-full-term-and-presents-four-hind-legs-and-a-malformation-of-left-eye-and-submaxillary-region-fig-8-in-the-gross-specimen-the-duplication-of-the-caudal-portion-of-the-body-starts-in-the-lumbar-region-both-parts-are-equally-devel-image236806764.html
RMRN7DCC–. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. 495 that articulates with the body a little to the right of the cloacal ori- fice. The head also is malformed, the eyeballs are absent, the cere- bral hemispheres are exposed and the upper bill absent; in the latter condition it resembles that of chick number 7. 10. This specimen is of a kitten at full term and presents four hind legs and a malformation of left eye and submaxillary region (Fig. 8). In the gross specimen the duplication of the caudal portion of the body starts in the lumbar region. Both parts are equally devel
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 82 BULLETIN" 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. i.m. -Y,a Streiff describes the cloacal musculature as resembling the usual type for tubular cloacal siphons such as are seen in Apsteinia punctata. The gut is said by Apstein to be a compact "nucleus." Apstein's description of the eye is too meager for use in our comparisons. The Apsteinias, as I interpret their relationships, arose from forms which, like the Cyclosalpae asymmetricales, had aggregated zooids with great asymme- try. I have so grouped the species in the sub- genu Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-82-bulletinquot-100-united-states-national-museum-im-ya-streiff-describes-the-cloacal-musculature-as-resembling-the-usual-type-for-tubular-cloacal-siphons-such-as-are-seen-in-apsteinia-punctata-the-gut-is-said-by-apstein-to-be-a-compact-quotnucleusquot-apsteins-description-of-the-eye-is-too-meager-for-use-in-our-comparisons-the-apsteinias-as-i-interpret-their-relationships-arose-from-forms-which-like-the-cyclosalpae-asymmetricales-had-aggregated-zooids-with-great-asymme-try-i-have-so-grouped-the-species-in-the-sub-genu-image233727635.html
RMRG75YF–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 82 BULLETIN" 100, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. i.m. -Y,a Streiff describes the cloacal musculature as resembling the usual type for tubular cloacal siphons such as are seen in Apsteinia punctata. The gut is said by Apstein to be a compact "nucleus." Apstein's description of the eye is too meager for use in our comparisons. The Apsteinias, as I interpret their relationships, arose from forms which, like the Cyclosalpae asymmetricales, had aggregated zooids with great asymme- try. I have so grouped the species in the sub- genu
. An introduction to the study of zoology. Zoology. TUNIC ATA. 235 chamber^ called the atrial chamber [atrium = entrance hall) J which may be continued far down into the stalk of the animal. Not far from the mouth is another opening, called the atrial pore, or exhalent pore (cloacal opening),. Pig, S3.—Simple AECidian, one of the Sea-squirts (halt natural size): a, in- current aperture; b, excurrent aperture. which expires the water that has served for respir- ation, carrying also with it the excretory products which are expelled into the atrial chamber by the. Please note that these images ar Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/an-introduction-to-the-study-of-zoology-zoology-tunic-ata-235-chamber-called-the-atrial-chamber-atrium-=-entrance-hall-j-which-may-be-continued-far-down-into-the-stalk-of-the-animal-not-far-from-the-mouth-is-another-opening-called-the-atrial-pore-or-exhalent-pore-cloacal-opening-pig-s3simple-aecidian-one-of-the-sea-squirts-halt-natural-size-a-in-current-aperture-b-excurrent-aperture-which-expires-the-water-that-has-served-for-respir-ation-carrying-also-with-it-the-excretory-products-which-are-expelled-into-the-atrial-chamber-by-the-please-note-that-these-images-ar-image232254879.html
RMRDT3D3–. An introduction to the study of zoology. Zoology. TUNIC ATA. 235 chamber^ called the atrial chamber [atrium = entrance hall) J which may be continued far down into the stalk of the animal. Not far from the mouth is another opening, called the atrial pore, or exhalent pore (cloacal opening),. Pig, S3.—Simple AECidian, one of the Sea-squirts (halt natural size): a, in- current aperture; b, excurrent aperture. which expires the water that has served for respir- ation, carrying also with it the excretory products which are expelled into the atrial chamber by the. Please note that these images ar
. The Bashford Dean memorial volume : archaic fishes. Fishes; Sharks; Fishes, Fossil. 286 Bashford Dean Memorial Volume others in the cloacal region, will be further considered in the article on the anatomy of the frilled shark. DERMAL DENTICLES The placoid scales or dermal denticles cover the entire body, including the fins and that part of the sclera which is exposed when the eyes are turned upward; also they line the mouth, gullet, and branchial arches. In sharks generally, the skin with its close^set denticles comprises what is called shagreen. The dermal denticles ot Chlamydoselachus have Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bashford-dean-memorial-volume-archaic-fishes-fishes-sharks-fishes-fossil-286-bashford-dean-memorial-volume-others-in-the-cloacal-region-will-be-further-considered-in-the-article-on-the-anatomy-of-the-frilled-shark-dermal-denticles-the-placoid-scales-or-dermal-denticles-cover-the-entire-body-including-the-fins-and-that-part-of-the-sclera-which-is-exposed-when-the-eyes-are-turned-upward-also-they-line-the-mouth-gullet-and-branchial-arches-in-sharks-generally-the-skin-with-its-closeset-denticles-comprises-what-is-called-shagreen-the-dermal-denticles-ot-chlamydoselachus-have-image235246002.html
RMRJMAJX–. The Bashford Dean memorial volume : archaic fishes. Fishes; Sharks; Fishes, Fossil. 286 Bashford Dean Memorial Volume others in the cloacal region, will be further considered in the article on the anatomy of the frilled shark. DERMAL DENTICLES The placoid scales or dermal denticles cover the entire body, including the fins and that part of the sclera which is exposed when the eyes are turned upward; also they line the mouth, gullet, and branchial arches. In sharks generally, the skin with its close^set denticles comprises what is called shagreen. The dermal denticles ot Chlamydoselachus have
. Animal biology. Zoology; Biology. 372 METAZOAN PHYLA become the cloacal opening. The medullary groove is converted into a medullary tube by the meeting of the ridges on each side of it. This tube in turn develops into the central nervous system. Eyes appear on each side of the head, and external gills are formed which project outward from the branchial arches. At the same time muscle segments are seen developing under the skin on each side of the body and tail. The yolk is massed in the ventral portion of the body causing it to be much swollen.. Please note that these images are extracted fr Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/animal-biology-zoology-biology-372-metazoan-phyla-become-the-cloacal-opening-the-medullary-groove-is-converted-into-a-medullary-tube-by-the-meeting-of-the-ridges-on-each-side-of-it-this-tube-in-turn-develops-into-the-central-nervous-system-eyes-appear-on-each-side-of-the-head-and-external-gills-are-formed-which-project-outward-from-the-branchial-arches-at-the-same-time-muscle-segments-are-seen-developing-under-the-skin-on-each-side-of-the-body-and-tail-the-yolk-is-massed-in-the-ventral-portion-of-the-body-causing-it-to-be-much-swollen-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-fr-image236764627.html
RMRN5FKF–. Animal biology. Zoology; Biology. 372 METAZOAN PHYLA become the cloacal opening. The medullary groove is converted into a medullary tube by the meeting of the ridges on each side of it. This tube in turn develops into the central nervous system. Eyes appear on each side of the head, and external gills are formed which project outward from the branchial arches. At the same time muscle segments are seen developing under the skin on each side of the body and tail. The yolk is massed in the ventral portion of the body causing it to be much swollen.. Please note that these images are extracted fr
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. ASCIDIANS OF BERMUDAS 87 diminution in number of polycarps (to a single polycarp) and in number of rows of stigmata. Its structure differs from that of botryl- lids only in the absence of common cloacal cavities, and consequently in the lack of obvious systems in the colony. In other words, common cloacal cavities and the arrangement of zooids into systems are the only major features that separate the botryllids from other styelids. Apart from these two characters Symplegma is so similar to Botryllus and Botrylloides that it Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-ascidians-of-bermudas-87-diminution-in-number-of-polycarps-to-a-single-polycarp-and-in-number-of-rows-of-stigmata-its-structure-differs-from-that-of-botryl-lids-only-in-the-absence-of-common-cloacal-cavities-and-consequently-in-the-lack-of-obvious-systems-in-the-colony-in-other-words-common-cloacal-cavities-and-the-arrangement-of-zooids-into-systems-are-the-only-major-features-that-separate-the-botryllids-from-other-styelids-apart-from-these-two-characters-symplegma-is-so-similar-to-botryllus-and-botrylloides-that-it-image234672532.html
RMRHP75T–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. ASCIDIANS OF BERMUDAS 87 diminution in number of polycarps (to a single polycarp) and in number of rows of stigmata. Its structure differs from that of botryl- lids only in the absence of common cloacal cavities, and consequently in the lack of obvious systems in the colony. In other words, common cloacal cavities and the arrangement of zooids into systems are the only major features that separate the botryllids from other styelids. Apart from these two characters Symplegma is so similar to Botryllus and Botrylloides that it
. Chordate morphology. Morphology (Animals); Chordata. radials spinal cord .notochord caudal artery ncter muscle ' ng into coelom rem urinary sinus le between joined nephric ducts onus urogenital papilla. radials JT^—Spina! cord notochord caudal artery sphincter muscle urogenital sinus radial abdominal pore anus Figure 10-27. Semidiagrammatic sagittal sections of the cloacal region of the lamprey, A, and Myxine, B. THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM • 313. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/chordate-morphology-morphology-animals-chordata-radials-spinal-cord-notochord-caudal-artery-ncter-muscle-ng-into-coelom-rem-urinary-sinus-le-between-joined-nephric-ducts-onus-urogenital-papilla-radials-jtspina!-cord-notochord-caudal-artery-sphincter-muscle-urogenital-sinus-radial-abdominal-pore-anus-figure-10-27-semidiagrammatic-sagittal-sections-of-the-cloacal-region-of-the-lamprey-a-and-myxine-b-the-excretory-system-313-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-image234938561.html
RMRJ6AEW–. Chordate morphology. Morphology (Animals); Chordata. radials spinal cord .notochord caudal artery ncter muscle ' ng into coelom rem urinary sinus le between joined nephric ducts onus urogenital papilla. radials JT^—Spina! cord notochord caudal artery sphincter muscle urogenital sinus radial abdominal pore anus Figure 10-27. Semidiagrammatic sagittal sections of the cloacal region of the lamprey, A, and Myxine, B. THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM • 313. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. SOUTH AFRICAN ASCIDIANS 97. Fig. 47. A. Polycarpa mytiligera. B. Polycarpa rubida. C. Cnemidocarpa humilis. cavity, but remains attached to the body wall along much of its length. The gonads were inactive in specimens collected in January and May. Numerous endocarps are distributed over the entire body wall and between the two limbs of the gut (Fig. 47B). The cloacal tentacles arise from the velum. There is a compact mass of undifferentiated tissue behind the gut that is used for regeneration and bud Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-south-african-ascidians-97-fig-47-a-polycarpa-mytiligera-b-polycarpa-rubida-c-cnemidocarpa-humilis-cavity-but-remains-attached-to-the-body-wall-along-much-of-its-length-the-gonads-were-inactive-in-specimens-collected-in-january-and-may-numerous-endocarps-are-distributed-over-the-entire-body-wall-and-between-the-two-limbs-of-the-gut-fig-47b-the-cloacal-tentacles-arise-from-the-velum-there-is-a-compact-mass-of-undifferentiated-tissue-behind-the-gut-that-is-used-for-regeneration-and-bud-image236510572.html
RMRMNYJ4–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. SOUTH AFRICAN ASCIDIANS 97. Fig. 47. A. Polycarpa mytiligera. B. Polycarpa rubida. C. Cnemidocarpa humilis. cavity, but remains attached to the body wall along much of its length. The gonads were inactive in specimens collected in January and May. Numerous endocarps are distributed over the entire body wall and between the two limbs of the gut (Fig. 47B). The cloacal tentacles arise from the velum. There is a compact mass of undifferentiated tissue behind the gut that is used for regeneration and bud
. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. 16 THE BIOLOGY OF THE AMPHIBIA. Fig. 6.—Spermatozoa of various amphibians. A. Desmognathus phoca. B. Bombina bombina (after Retzius). C. Hyla arborea (after Retzius). D. Crypto- branchus alleganiensis (after Smith). Cy.B., cytoplasmic body. Hynobiidae and Crypto- branchidae, but all higher groups except the specialized Meantes possess a series of tubules in the roof of the female cloaca which retain, for varying periods, the sper- matozoa usually picked up en masse in the form of a sper- matophore (Fig. 7) by the female with her cloacal lips. These tu Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biology-of-the-amphibia-amphibians-16-the-biology-of-the-amphibia-fig-6spermatozoa-of-various-amphibians-a-desmognathus-phoca-b-bombina-bombina-after-retzius-c-hyla-arborea-after-retzius-d-crypto-branchus-alleganiensis-after-smith-cyb-cytoplasmic-body-hynobiidae-and-crypto-branchidae-but-all-higher-groups-except-the-specialized-meantes-possess-a-series-of-tubules-in-the-roof-of-the-female-cloaca-which-retain-for-varying-periods-the-sper-matozoa-usually-picked-up-en-masse-in-the-form-of-a-sper-matophore-fig-7-by-the-female-with-her-cloacal-lips-these-tu-image234608166.html
RMRHK932–. The biology of the amphibia. Amphibians. 16 THE BIOLOGY OF THE AMPHIBIA. Fig. 6.—Spermatozoa of various amphibians. A. Desmognathus phoca. B. Bombina bombina (after Retzius). C. Hyla arborea (after Retzius). D. Crypto- branchus alleganiensis (after Smith). Cy.B., cytoplasmic body. Hynobiidae and Crypto- branchidae, but all higher groups except the specialized Meantes possess a series of tubules in the roof of the female cloaca which retain, for varying periods, the sper- matozoa usually picked up en masse in the form of a sper- matophore (Fig. 7) by the female with her cloacal lips. These tu
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 94 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM lateral by Travassos and Lane. This is closely followed by a ven- tral pair and this in turn by a lateral pair. Towards the tail end, in a secondary expansion of the caudal alae, are 2 pairs of lateral papillae with a pair of ventral papillae occupying variable posi- tions between them; it is this posterior group that seems most characteristic of the species and distinguishes it in particular from A. galli, in which the ventral pair of papillae is lacking. Cloacal aperture 540/* from tip of tail Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-94-bulletin-140-united-states-national-museum-lateral-by-travassos-and-lane-this-is-closely-followed-by-a-ven-tral-pair-and-this-in-turn-by-a-lateral-pair-towards-the-tail-end-in-a-secondary-expansion-of-the-caudal-alae-are-2-pairs-of-lateral-papillae-with-a-pair-of-ventral-papillae-occupying-variable-posi-tions-between-them-it-is-this-posterior-group-that-seems-most-characteristic-of-the-species-and-distinguishes-it-in-particular-from-a-galli-in-which-the-ventral-pair-of-papillae-is-lacking-cloacal-aperture-540-from-tip-of-tail-image233743086.html
RMRG7WKA–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 94 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM lateral by Travassos and Lane. This is closely followed by a ven- tral pair and this in turn by a lateral pair. Towards the tail end, in a secondary expansion of the caudal alae, are 2 pairs of lateral papillae with a pair of ventral papillae occupying variable posi- tions between them; it is this posterior group that seems most characteristic of the species and distinguishes it in particular from A. galli, in which the ventral pair of papillae is lacking. Cloacal aperture 540/* from tip of tail
. Anatomy, descriptive and applied. Anatomy. THE PERITONEUM 1247 The alimentary tube, now in its simplest form, is nearly straight and may he divided into three portions: (a) the foregid between the pericardium and noto- Bitccopharynqeal membrane Pharynx - Auditory pit Aortic bulb Cloacal dilataiwn- of hindgut Allantoic stall Umbilical vein lOplic vesicle. Stomach -+-- Mid(jut and yolk. ^Hindgut, illantois Umbilical aiteiy Fig. 979.—Human emoryo, about fifteen days old. Brain and heart represented from right side; alimentarji canal and yolk sac in mesal section. (After His.) chord; (b) the mi Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/anatomy-descriptive-and-applied-anatomy-the-peritoneum-1247-the-alimentary-tube-now-in-its-simplest-form-is-nearly-straight-and-may-he-divided-into-three-portions-a-the-foregid-between-the-pericardium-and-noto-bitccopharynqeal-membrane-pharynx-auditory-pit-aortic-bulb-cloacal-dilataiwn-of-hindgut-allantoic-stall-umbilical-vein-loplic-vesicle-stomach-midjut-and-yolk-hindgut-illantois-umbilical-aiteiy-fig-979human-emoryo-about-fifteen-days-old-brain-and-heart-represented-from-right-side-alimentarji-canal-and-yolk-sac-in-mesal-section-after-his-chord-b-the-mi-image236765893.html
RMRN5H8N–. Anatomy, descriptive and applied. Anatomy. THE PERITONEUM 1247 The alimentary tube, now in its simplest form, is nearly straight and may he divided into three portions: (a) the foregid between the pericardium and noto- Bitccopharynqeal membrane Pharynx - Auditory pit Aortic bulb Cloacal dilataiwn- of hindgut Allantoic stall Umbilical vein lOplic vesicle. Stomach -+-- Mid(jut and yolk. ^Hindgut, illantois Umbilical aiteiy Fig. 979.—Human emoryo, about fifteen days old. Brain and heart represented from right side; alimentarji canal and yolk sac in mesal section. (After His.) chord; (b) the mi
. Elementary text-book of zoology. 362 CHORD AT4- The smaller feathers are called coverts and contour feathers, according to their size and structure. The filo- plutnes are still smaller feathers, resembling hairs, with a thin shaft terminating in a very small vane. They can be seen still attached to the skin after plucking. The scales on the legs and claws are epidermic and closely similar to those found in the reptiles. After plucking, the skin may be removed from the ventral surface by a median incision from head to cloacal aperture (see Plate VIII.). The greater part of the body Fig- 257.— Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/elementary-text-book-of-zoology-362-chord-at4-the-smaller-feathers-are-called-coverts-and-contour-feathers-according-to-their-size-and-structure-the-filo-plutnes-are-still-smaller-feathers-resembling-hairs-with-a-thin-shaft-terminating-in-a-very-small-vane-they-can-be-seen-still-attached-to-the-skin-after-plucking-the-scales-on-the-legs-and-claws-are-epidermic-and-closely-similar-to-those-found-in-the-reptiles-after-plucking-the-skin-may-be-removed-from-the-ventral-surface-by-a-median-incision-from-head-to-cloacal-aperture-see-plate-viii-the-greater-part-of-the-body-fig-257-image232088701.html
RMRDGFE5–. Elementary text-book of zoology. 362 CHORD AT4- The smaller feathers are called coverts and contour feathers, according to their size and structure. The filo- plutnes are still smaller feathers, resembling hairs, with a thin shaft terminating in a very small vane. They can be seen still attached to the skin after plucking. The scales on the legs and claws are epidermic and closely similar to those found in the reptiles. After plucking, the skin may be removed from the ventral surface by a median incision from head to cloacal aperture (see Plate VIII.). The greater part of the body Fig- 257.—
. A manual of zoology. Zoology. II. ACEPHALA 319 excavated at the posterior end, so that when brought together two open- ings, an upper and a lower, resuk (fig. 320, C). The lower of these is the branchial opening by which fresh water passes into the mantle cham- ber; it flows out after passing over the gills, along with the fxces, through the upper or cloacal opening. In many bivalves the free edges of the mantle grow together, leaving three openings (fig. 320, B), one for the protrusion of the foot, the others the two just described, now called the branchial and cloacal siphons. By further d Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-zoology-ii-acephala-319-excavated-at-the-posterior-end-so-that-when-brought-together-two-open-ings-an-upper-and-a-lower-resuk-fig-320-c-the-lower-of-these-is-the-branchial-opening-by-which-fresh-water-passes-into-the-mantle-cham-ber-it-flows-out-after-passing-over-the-gills-along-with-the-fxces-through-the-upper-or-cloacal-opening-in-many-bivalves-the-free-edges-of-the-mantle-grow-together-leaving-three-openings-fig-320-b-one-for-the-protrusion-of-the-foot-the-others-the-two-just-described-now-called-the-branchial-and-cloacal-siphons-by-further-d-image232132827.html
RMRDJFP3–. A manual of zoology. Zoology. II. ACEPHALA 319 excavated at the posterior end, so that when brought together two open- ings, an upper and a lower, resuk (fig. 320, C). The lower of these is the branchial opening by which fresh water passes into the mantle cham- ber; it flows out after passing over the gills, along with the fxces, through the upper or cloacal opening. In many bivalves the free edges of the mantle grow together, leaving three openings (fig. 320, B), one for the protrusion of the foot, the others the two just described, now called the branchial and cloacal siphons. By further d
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 44 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM giving it a spotted pattern. The spicules are densely packed throughout the tunic, and the colonies would be brittle but for their thinness. The cloacal channels are limited to the thoracic level. The abdomens of the zooids are folded under the thoraces. The oral siphon has six pointed lobes (Fig. 23A). The cloacal aperture is large in relaxed zooids (Fig. 23A) but narrow in other parts of a same colony. There is no languet. The lateral thoracic organs protrude a Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-44-annals-of-the-south-african-museum-giving-it-a-spotted-pattern-the-spicules-are-densely-packed-throughout-the-tunic-and-the-colonies-would-be-brittle-but-for-their-thinness-the-cloacal-channels-are-limited-to-the-thoracic-level-the-abdomens-of-the-zooids-are-folded-under-the-thoraces-the-oral-siphon-has-six-pointed-lobes-fig-23a-the-cloacal-aperture-is-large-in-relaxed-zooids-fig-23a-but-narrow-in-other-parts-of-a-same-colony-there-is-no-languet-the-lateral-thoracic-organs-protrude-a-image236511508.html
RMRMP0RG–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 44 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM giving it a spotted pattern. The spicules are densely packed throughout the tunic, and the colonies would be brittle but for their thinness. The cloacal channels are limited to the thoracic level. The abdomens of the zooids are folded under the thoraces. The oral siphon has six pointed lobes (Fig. 23A). The cloacal aperture is large in relaxed zooids (Fig. 23A) but narrow in other parts of a same colony. There is no languet. The lateral thoracic organs protrude a
. Elements of zoology, to accompany the field and laboratory study of animals. Zoology. Fig. 276. — Ciona, a simple Tunicate, o, mouth; at, open- ing of atrium, or exhalent opening; si, stolon. After Leuckart and Nitsche's dia- gram. Fig. 277. — Two small colonies of compound Tunicates (Botryllus). The "zooids" are grouped about a center, have a common cloacal opening id), but separate mouths (or). After Milne-Edwards. gated bodj^ is divisible into three parts: the proboscis at the an- terior end ; the collar ; and the trunk. In the trunk an anterior region containing gill-slits {hr, Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/elements-of-zoology-to-accompany-the-field-and-laboratory-study-of-animals-zoology-fig-276-ciona-a-simple-tunicate-o-mouth-at-open-ing-of-atrium-or-exhalent-opening-si-stolon-after-leuckart-and-nitsches-dia-gram-fig-277-two-small-colonies-of-compound-tunicates-botryllus-the-quotzooidsquot-are-grouped-about-a-center-have-a-common-cloacal-opening-id-but-separate-mouths-or-after-milne-edwards-gated-bodj-is-divisible-into-three-parts-the-proboscis-at-the-an-terior-end-the-collar-and-the-trunk-in-the-trunk-an-anterior-region-containing-gill-slits-hr-image232108331.html
RMRDHCF7–. Elements of zoology, to accompany the field and laboratory study of animals. Zoology. Fig. 276. — Ciona, a simple Tunicate, o, mouth; at, open- ing of atrium, or exhalent opening; si, stolon. After Leuckart and Nitsche's dia- gram. Fig. 277. — Two small colonies of compound Tunicates (Botryllus). The "zooids" are grouped about a center, have a common cloacal opening id), but separate mouths (or). After Milne-Edwards. gated bodj^ is divisible into three parts: the proboscis at the an- terior end ; the collar ; and the trunk. In the trunk an anterior region containing gill-slits {hr,
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 57 Twelve pairs of papillae; 2 pairs near the sucker. 6 in the region of the cloacal aperture, of which the third lateral pair is comparatively small; the 2 ventral pairs of this group lie close together; posterior to this group is a pair of moderate sized papillae; the lateral papillae of the caudal group are relatively distant from one another and the posterior pair is much the larger. Female 6.6 mm. long by 300/x wide. The body has the usual dorsal curve anteriorly and also curves ventrally somewhat abruptly at Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-nematode-parasites-of-birds-57-twelve-pairs-of-papillae-2-pairs-near-the-sucker-6-in-the-region-of-the-cloacal-aperture-of-which-the-third-lateral-pair-is-comparatively-small-the-2-ventral-pairs-of-this-group-lie-close-together-posterior-to-this-group-is-a-pair-of-moderate-sized-papillae-the-lateral-papillae-of-the-caudal-group-are-relatively-distant-from-one-another-and-the-posterior-pair-is-much-the-larger-female-66-mm-long-by-300x-wide-the-body-has-the-usual-dorsal-curve-anteriorly-and-also-curves-ventrally-somewhat-abruptly-at-image233743584.html
RMRG7X94–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. NEMATODE PARASITES OF BIRDS 57 Twelve pairs of papillae; 2 pairs near the sucker. 6 in the region of the cloacal aperture, of which the third lateral pair is comparatively small; the 2 ventral pairs of this group lie close together; posterior to this group is a pair of moderate sized papillae; the lateral papillae of the caudal group are relatively distant from one another and the posterior pair is much the larger. Female 6.6 mm. long by 300/x wide. The body has the usual dorsal curve anteriorly and also curves ventrally somewhat abruptly at
. Comparative embryology of the vertebrates; with 2057 drawings and photos. grouped as 380 illus. Vertebrates -- Embryology; Comparative embryology. URETHRAL ORIFICE. GLUTEUS MAXIMUS GLUTEUS MAXIMUS MALE INDIFFERENT STAGE Fig. 329—(Continued) Later development of musculature in human embryo. (B after Lewis, 1902, Am. J. Anat., 1.) (B) Developing forelimb musculature of human embryo (lateral aspect of limb). (C) Differentiation of cloacal musculature in human embryo. 713. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-embryology-of-the-vertebrates-with-2057-drawings-and-photos-grouped-as-380-illus-vertebrates-embryology-comparative-embryology-urethral-orifice-gluteus-maximus-gluteus-maximus-male-indifferent-stage-fig-329continued-later-development-of-musculature-in-human-embryo-b-after-lewis-1902-am-j-anat-1-b-developing-forelimb-musculature-of-human-embryo-lateral-aspect-of-limb-c-differentiation-of-cloacal-musculature-in-human-embryo-713-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-image232674339.html
RMREF6DR–. Comparative embryology of the vertebrates; with 2057 drawings and photos. grouped as 380 illus. Vertebrates -- Embryology; Comparative embryology. URETHRAL ORIFICE. GLUTEUS MAXIMUS GLUTEUS MAXIMUS MALE INDIFFERENT STAGE Fig. 329—(Continued) Later development of musculature in human embryo. (B after Lewis, 1902, Am. J. Anat., 1.) (B) Developing forelimb musculature of human embryo (lateral aspect of limb). (C) Differentiation of cloacal musculature in human embryo. 713. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability -
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 94 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM which disappear after preservation. When fixed the cloacal siphon becomes reddish with eight black external bands that do not exist on the oral siphon. The tunic is hard and about 1 mm thick.. Fig. 46. Polycarpa insulsa. Internal anatomy. The body wall is thick and opaque. About 50 oral tentacles are arranged in no clear order and with some smaller ones between them. The prepharyngeal band has two rims and a pronounced dorsal indentation. It is prolonged by a sma Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-94-annals-of-the-south-african-museum-which-disappear-after-preservation-when-fixed-the-cloacal-siphon-becomes-reddish-with-eight-black-external-bands-that-do-not-exist-on-the-oral-siphon-the-tunic-is-hard-and-about-1-mm-thick-fig-46-polycarpa-insulsa-internal-anatomy-the-body-wall-is-thick-and-opaque-about-50-oral-tentacles-are-arranged-in-no-clear-order-and-with-some-smaller-ones-between-them-the-prepharyngeal-band-has-two-rims-and-a-pronounced-dorsal-indentation-it-is-prolonged-by-a-sma-image236510589.html
RMRMNYJN–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 94 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM which disappear after preservation. When fixed the cloacal siphon becomes reddish with eight black external bands that do not exist on the oral siphon. The tunic is hard and about 1 mm thick.. Fig. 46. Polycarpa insulsa. Internal anatomy. The body wall is thick and opaque. About 50 oral tentacles are arranged in no clear order and with some smaller ones between them. The prepharyngeal band has two rims and a pronounced dorsal indentation. It is prolonged by a sma
. Breviora. . Fig. 3. Ventral views of the caudal aud cloacal region of four forms. A, A. g. gonavensis (MCZ 80291); B, A. g. leberi (ASFS V2596, except for median postcloacals, is also typical of hyporissor) ; C, A. innocens (ASFS X3111); D, A. caecu (ASFS X940). Median postcloacals of A and B are stippled; those of A are typical of gonavensis and hyporissor; those of B are diagnostic of leberi.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resembl Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/breviora-fig-3-ventral-views-of-the-caudal-aud-cloacal-region-of-four-forms-a-a-g-gonavensis-mcz-80291-b-a-g-leberi-asfs-v2596-except-for-median-postcloacals-is-also-typical-of-hyporissor-c-a-innocens-asfs-x3111-d-a-caecu-asfs-x940-median-postcloacals-of-a-and-b-are-stippled-those-of-a-are-typical-of-gonavensis-and-hyporissor-those-of-b-are-diagnostic-of-leberi-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resembl-image234298240.html
RMRH55P8–. Breviora. . Fig. 3. Ventral views of the caudal aud cloacal region of four forms. A, A. g. gonavensis (MCZ 80291); B, A. g. leberi (ASFS V2596, except for median postcloacals, is also typical of hyporissor) ; C, A. innocens (ASFS X3111); D, A. caecu (ASFS X940). Median postcloacals of A and B are stippled; those of A are typical of gonavensis and hyporissor; those of B are diagnostic of leberi.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resembl
. A textbook in general zoology. Zoology. MUSSELS, CLAMS, OYSTERS, SNAILS, SQUIDS 107 fntcstijie mantle lobes along the entire length of their dorsal edges, and the inner walls of the inner gills are attached to the sides of the body (Fig. 57). Thus the mantle cavity is divided into two chambers: a dorsal, or cloacal chamber and a ventral, or branchial chamber. The fresh sea water carrying oxygen is brought into the branchial chamber through the inhalent siphon (Fig. 56). The gill cilia then cause it to flow through the holes in the sides of the gills into the troughs of these organs, whence i Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-textbook-in-general-zoology-zoology-mussels-clams-oysters-snails-squids-107-fntcstijie-mantle-lobes-along-the-entire-length-of-their-dorsal-edges-and-the-inner-walls-of-the-inner-gills-are-attached-to-the-sides-of-the-body-fig-57-thus-the-mantle-cavity-is-divided-into-two-chambers-a-dorsal-or-cloacal-chamber-and-a-ventral-or-branchial-chamber-the-fresh-sea-water-carrying-oxygen-is-brought-into-the-branchial-chamber-through-the-inhalent-siphon-fig-56-the-gill-cilia-then-cause-it-to-flow-through-the-holes-in-the-sides-of-the-gills-into-the-troughs-of-these-organs-whence-i-image232089333.html
RMRDGG8N–. A textbook in general zoology. Zoology. MUSSELS, CLAMS, OYSTERS, SNAILS, SQUIDS 107 fntcstijie mantle lobes along the entire length of their dorsal edges, and the inner walls of the inner gills are attached to the sides of the body (Fig. 57). Thus the mantle cavity is divided into two chambers: a dorsal, or cloacal chamber and a ventral, or branchial chamber. The fresh sea water carrying oxygen is brought into the branchial chamber through the inhalent siphon (Fig. 56). The gill cilia then cause it to flow through the holes in the sides of the gills into the troughs of these organs, whence i
. Bonn zoological bulletin. Zoology. Fig. 2. Genital morphology of caecilian amphibians. (A) male Chthonerpeton indistincum (Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae) show- ing an everted phallus, MHNM 09323, right - detail. (B) Geotrypetes seraphim (Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae), lateral (left), dorsal (central) and ventral (right) view of the everted phallus, AK 01149. (C) Typhlonectes nutans (Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae), SRuCT- Scan of the everted phallus. Right - virtual clipping, frontal view. (D) SRuCT-Scan of female cloaca (Ichthyophis cf. kohtaoen- sis). Dorsolateral view, virtual cut of cloacal sheat Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bonn-zoological-bulletin-zoology-fig-2-genital-morphology-of-caecilian-amphibians-a-male-chthonerpeton-indistincum-gymnophiona-typhlonectidae-show-ing-an-everted-phallus-mhnm-09323-right-detail-b-geotrypetes-seraphim-gymnophiona-caeciliidae-lateral-left-dorsal-central-and-ventral-right-view-of-the-everted-phallus-ak-01149-c-typhlonectes-nutans-gymnophiona-typhlonectidae-sruct-scan-of-the-everted-phallus-right-virtual-clipping-frontal-view-d-sruct-scan-of-female-cloaca-ichthyophis-cf-kohtaoen-sis-dorsolateral-view-virtual-cut-of-cloacal-sheat-image234485196.html
RMRHDM78–. Bonn zoological bulletin. Zoology. Fig. 2. Genital morphology of caecilian amphibians. (A) male Chthonerpeton indistincum (Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae) show- ing an everted phallus, MHNM 09323, right - detail. (B) Geotrypetes seraphim (Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae), lateral (left), dorsal (central) and ventral (right) view of the everted phallus, AK 01149. (C) Typhlonectes nutans (Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae), SRuCT- Scan of the everted phallus. Right - virtual clipping, frontal view. (D) SRuCT-Scan of female cloaca (Ichthyophis cf. kohtaoen- sis). Dorsolateral view, virtual cut of cloacal sheat
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 48 ASCIDIANS pharyngo-cloacal slits) placed close to the dorsal lamina and leading direct to the cloaca. rig. 22 shows a small part of the wall of the branchial sac, in which it may be seen that the bars containing the blood- channels are arranged in three regular series:—(1) The "trans- verse vessels " which run horizontally round the wall and open at their dorsal and ventral ends into large median longitudinally running tubes, the dorsal blood-sinus (or " dorsal aorta ") behind the dorsal lamina, and the ventral blood-sinus (or &q Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-cambridge-natural-history-zoology-48-ascidians-pharyngo-cloacal-slits-placed-close-to-the-dorsal-lamina-and-leading-direct-to-the-cloaca-rig-22-shows-a-small-part-of-the-wall-of-the-branchial-sac-in-which-it-may-be-seen-that-the-bars-containing-the-blood-channels-are-arranged-in-three-regular-series1-the-quottrans-verse-vessels-quot-which-run-horizontally-round-the-wall-and-open-at-their-dorsal-and-ventral-ends-into-large-median-longitudinally-running-tubes-the-dorsal-blood-sinus-or-quot-dorsal-aorta-quot-behind-the-dorsal-lamina-and-the-ventral-blood-sinus-or-q-image232154605.html
RMRDKFFW–. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 48 ASCIDIANS pharyngo-cloacal slits) placed close to the dorsal lamina and leading direct to the cloaca. rig. 22 shows a small part of the wall of the branchial sac, in which it may be seen that the bars containing the blood- channels are arranged in three regular series:—(1) The "trans- verse vessels " which run horizontally round the wall and open at their dorsal and ventral ends into large median longitudinally running tubes, the dorsal blood-sinus (or " dorsal aorta ") behind the dorsal lamina, and the ventral blood-sinus (or &q
. The Bashford Dean memorial volume :. Fishes; Sharks; Fishes, Fossil. 434 Bashford Dean Ts/lemorial Volume small cloacal apertures (U.S.l) for the urinary sinuses {U.S.) of which only the one on the left side is shown. These apertures are situated close to the median line near the posterior border of the cloaca. She states further that in the female the rectal aperture (R.) is displaced to the right. The opening of the right oviduct (R.Ov.) is much larger than the left {L.Ov.), and appears to crowd the latter anteriorly. This, perhaps, explains the displacement of the rectal opening to the ri Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bashford-dean-memorial-volume-fishes-sharks-fishes-fossil-434-bashford-dean-tslemorial-volume-small-cloacal-apertures-usl-for-the-urinary-sinuses-us-of-which-only-the-one-on-the-left-side-is-shown-these-apertures-are-situated-close-to-the-median-line-near-the-posterior-border-of-the-cloaca-she-states-further-that-in-the-female-the-rectal-aperture-r-is-displaced-to-the-right-the-opening-of-the-right-oviduct-rov-is-much-larger-than-the-left-lov-and-appears-to-crowd-the-latter-anteriorly-this-perhaps-explains-the-displacement-of-the-rectal-opening-to-the-ri-image235246276.html
RMRJMB0M–. The Bashford Dean memorial volume :. Fishes; Sharks; Fishes, Fossil. 434 Bashford Dean Ts/lemorial Volume small cloacal apertures (U.S.l) for the urinary sinuses {U.S.) of which only the one on the left side is shown. These apertures are situated close to the median line near the posterior border of the cloaca. She states further that in the female the rectal aperture (R.) is displaced to the right. The opening of the right oviduct (R.Ov.) is much larger than the left {L.Ov.), and appears to crowd the latter anteriorly. This, perhaps, explains the displacement of the rectal opening to the ri
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. BEHAVIOR OF BUDS IN ASCIDIANS 457 tire of the number of systems formed, the site of the common cloacal aperture did not appear to be influenced by the location of the prospective mother zooid which had been removed with its tunic before budding. That is, the systems did not 20(31) 23(34) Ohr(11hr) m. 39(50) FIGURE 4. Behavior of an injured mother zooid and one remaining hud (Experiment VI), successive stages (A-I). in ventral view. The outline of the original tunic is omitted in this figure only. Time shown outside parenthes Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-behavior-of-buds-in-ascidians-457-tire-of-the-number-of-systems-formed-the-site-of-the-common-cloacal-aperture-did-not-appear-to-be-influenced-by-the-location-of-the-prospective-mother-zooid-which-had-been-removed-with-its-tunic-before-budding-that-is-the-systems-did-not-2031-2334-ohr11hr-m-3950-figure-4-behavior-of-an-injured-mother-zooid-and-one-remaining-hud-experiment-vi-successive-stages-a-i-in-ventral-view-the-outline-of-the-original-tunic-is-omitted-in-this-figure-only-time-shown-outside-parenthes-image234648338.html
RMRHN49P–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. BEHAVIOR OF BUDS IN ASCIDIANS 457 tire of the number of systems formed, the site of the common cloacal aperture did not appear to be influenced by the location of the prospective mother zooid which had been removed with its tunic before budding. That is, the systems did not 20(31) 23(34) Ohr(11hr) m. 39(50) FIGURE 4. Behavior of an injured mother zooid and one remaining hud (Experiment VI), successive stages (A-I). in ventral view. The outline of the original tunic is omitted in this figure only. Time shown outside parenthes
. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. 468. Fig. 1. Sagittal section of the ganglion and neural gland of Cynthia papulosa. Note the dorsal position of the gland; its rapheal prolongation, greater in bulk than the gland proper. The great elongation of the ganglion and gland is characteristic of the Cynthiinae. hr. n. nerve to branchial siphon ; c. /. ciliated funnel, much coiled therefore cut in three places; cl. ep. cloacal epithelium; d. duct of neural gland; d. r. dorsal raphe; ec. ectodermal epitiielium of the outre surface of the body; gg. ganglion; gl. neural Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/anatomischer-anzeiger-anatomy-comparative-anatomy-comparative-468-fig-1-sagittal-section-of-the-ganglion-and-neural-gland-of-cynthia-papulosa-note-the-dorsal-position-of-the-gland-its-rapheal-prolongation-greater-in-bulk-than-the-gland-proper-the-great-elongation-of-the-ganglion-and-gland-is-characteristic-of-the-cynthiinae-hr-n-nerve-to-branchial-siphon-c-ciliated-funnel-much-coiled-therefore-cut-in-three-places-cl-ep-cloacal-epithelium-d-duct-of-neural-gland-d-r-dorsal-raphe-ec-ectodermal-epitiielium-of-the-outre-surface-of-the-body-gg-ganglion-gl-neural-image236830624.html
RMRN8FTG–. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. 468. Fig. 1. Sagittal section of the ganglion and neural gland of Cynthia papulosa. Note the dorsal position of the gland; its rapheal prolongation, greater in bulk than the gland proper. The great elongation of the ganglion and gland is characteristic of the Cynthiinae. hr. n. nerve to branchial siphon ; c. /. ciliated funnel, much coiled therefore cut in three places; cl. ep. cloacal epithelium; d. duct of neural gland; d. r. dorsal raphe; ec. ectodermal epitiielium of the outre surface of the body; gg. ganglion; gl. neural
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 0.5 mm. Fig. 30. A-B. Lissoclinum bilobatum. A. Thorax. B. Abdomen. C. Atriolum marsupialis. Larva. Remarks and distribution It was difficult to identify this species, as Millar's (1955) type could not be found at the British Museum. The description corresponds well with our specimen as well as the spicule size. Millar did not mention the cloacal languet or retractor muscle and they are absent in his figure. This Lissoclinum species is closely allied to the Atlantic Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 190 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-05-mm-fig-30-a-b-lissoclinum-bilobatum-a-thorax-b-abdomen-c-atriolum-marsupialis-larva-remarks-and-distribution-it-was-difficult-to-identify-this-species-as-millars-1955-type-could-not-be-found-at-the-british-museum-the-description-corresponds-well-with-our-specimen-as-well-as-the-spicule-size-millar-did-not-mention-the-cloacal-languet-or-retractor-muscle-and-they-are-absent-in-his-figure-this-lissoclinum-species-is-closely-allied-to-the-atlantic-lissoclinum-fragile-van-name-190-image236511217.html
RMRMP0D5–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. 0.5 mm. Fig. 30. A-B. Lissoclinum bilobatum. A. Thorax. B. Abdomen. C. Atriolum marsupialis. Larva. Remarks and distribution It was difficult to identify this species, as Millar's (1955) type could not be found at the British Museum. The description corresponds well with our specimen as well as the spicule size. Millar did not mention the cloacal languet or retractor muscle and they are absent in his figure. This Lissoclinum species is closely allied to the Atlantic Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 190
. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 'â Mik Fig. 162.âSection of cortex oiChondrilla nucula, the skeleton omitted fatter Scliulze). c', afferent canals; c-, effereni canals; g, ampuUas; m, cloaca; 0, osculum. contain the collared cells, while the central cavity, now called cloaca, is lined with pavement epithelium. By increase of mesoderm and corre- sponding thickening of the body wall the ampullie become separated from external and cloacal surfaces (Leucon t}fpe). They nevertheless retain their connection with both surfaces by means of cavities which may 'f (sis Fig. 163. Fig. 163.âSurface'. Pleas Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-zoology-mik-fig-162section-of-cortex-oichondrilla-nucula-the-skeleton-omitted-fatter-scliulze-c-afferent-canals-c-effereni-canals-g-ampuuas-m-cloaca-0-osculum-contain-the-collared-cells-while-the-central-cavity-now-called-cloaca-is-lined-with-pavement-epithelium-by-increase-of-mesoderm-and-corre-sponding-thickening-of-the-body-wall-the-ampullie-become-separated-from-external-and-cloacal-surfaces-leucon-tfpe-they-nevertheless-retain-their-connection-with-both-surfaces-by-means-of-cavities-which-may-f-sis-fig-163-fig-163surface-pleas-image232108922.html
RMRDHD8A–. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 'â Mik Fig. 162.âSection of cortex oiChondrilla nucula, the skeleton omitted fatter Scliulze). c', afferent canals; c-, effereni canals; g, ampuUas; m, cloaca; 0, osculum. contain the collared cells, while the central cavity, now called cloaca, is lined with pavement epithelium. By increase of mesoderm and corre- sponding thickening of the body wall the ampullie become separated from external and cloacal surfaces (Leucon t}fpe). They nevertheless retain their connection with both surfaces by means of cavities which may 'f (sis Fig. 163. Fig. 163.âSurface'. Pleas
. The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology. Natural history; Zoology; Botany; Geology. new Siamese Nematode. 411 rest more ventrally. The spicules (figs. 3-5, S.) are equal in length. They are wide dorso-ventrally, sickle-shaped, with a finely striated surface, and each presents much the appearance of having- a smaller tubular spicule enclosed within it. There is an accessory piece (figs. 3-5, A.P.), granular in appearance, and with a median projection which lies between the spicules near the cloacal opening. Fia:.:;.. Falcaustra siamensis. Caudal end of male, l Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-annals-and-magazine-of-natural-history-zoology-botany-and-geology-natural-history-zoology-botany-geology-new-siamese-nematode-411-rest-more-ventrally-the-spicules-figs-3-5-s-are-equal-in-length-they-are-wide-dorso-ventrally-sickle-shaped-with-a-finely-striated-surface-and-each-presents-much-the-appearance-of-having-a-smaller-tubular-spicule-enclosed-within-it-there-is-an-accessory-piece-figs-3-5-ap-granular-in-appearance-and-with-a-median-projection-which-lies-between-the-spicules-near-the-cloacal-opening-fia-falcaustra-siamensis-caudal-end-of-male-l-image236513953.html
RMRMP3XW–. The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology. Natural history; Zoology; Botany; Geology. new Siamese Nematode. 411 rest more ventrally. The spicules (figs. 3-5, S.) are equal in length. They are wide dorso-ventrally, sickle-shaped, with a finely striated surface, and each presents much the appearance of having- a smaller tubular spicule enclosed within it. There is an accessory piece (figs. 3-5, A.P.), granular in appearance, and with a median projection which lies between the spicules near the cloacal opening. Fia:.:;.. Falcaustra siamensis. Caudal end of male, l
. Bonn zoological bulletin. Zoology. 120 Susanne Kiihnel et al.. Fig. 1. Reproductive morphology of anurans and salamanders. (A) Inguinal amplexus ("copulexus") of Ascaphus truei. (B) ma- le Ascaphus truei. The "tail", a cloacal extension, can be inserted into the cloaca of the female during amplexus, ventrolateral view. (C) male Mertensophryne micranotis (Anura: Bufonidae), left, dorsal view and its cloaca, right, caudal view (after Grandison 1980). (D) cephalic amplexus of Notophthalmus viridescens (Urodela: Salamandridae). The male grasps the females's neck whilst fan- n Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bonn-zoological-bulletin-zoology-120-susanne-kiihnel-et-al-fig-1-reproductive-morphology-of-anurans-and-salamanders-a-inguinal-amplexus-quotcopulexusquot-of-ascaphus-truei-b-ma-le-ascaphus-truei-the-quottailquot-a-cloacal-extension-can-be-inserted-into-the-cloaca-of-the-female-during-amplexus-ventrolateral-view-c-male-mertensophryne-micranotis-anura-bufonidae-left-dorsal-view-and-its-cloaca-right-caudal-view-after-grandison-1980-d-cephalic-amplexus-of-notophthalmus-viridescens-urodela-salamandridae-the-male-grasps-the-femaless-neck-whilst-fan-n-image234485206.html
RMRHDM7J–. Bonn zoological bulletin. Zoology. 120 Susanne Kiihnel et al.. Fig. 1. Reproductive morphology of anurans and salamanders. (A) Inguinal amplexus ("copulexus") of Ascaphus truei. (B) ma- le Ascaphus truei. The "tail", a cloacal extension, can be inserted into the cloaca of the female during amplexus, ventrolateral view. (C) male Mertensophryne micranotis (Anura: Bufonidae), left, dorsal view and its cloaca, right, caudal view (after Grandison 1980). (D) cephalic amplexus of Notophthalmus viridescens (Urodela: Salamandridae). The male grasps the females's neck whilst fan- n
. An atlas of human anatomy for students and physicians. Anatomy. Caudal or coccygeal elevation, or rudimental tail Fig. 908.—External Genital Organs of a Fcetus IN THE Seventh Week. The urinary and genital cmals unite distally with the ah- mentary canal to form a common cavity, the cloaca,^ by which they communicate with the exterior.. Genital eminence or genital tuhercle Marginal lip of the cloacal ori^ce' Caudal or coccygeal eleva tion, or rudimental tail Fig. 909.—External Genital Organs of a Human Foetus in the Beginning of the Third Month (Months of Four Weeks Each), having a Body- Lengt Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/an-atlas-of-human-anatomy-for-students-and-physicians-anatomy-caudal-or-coccygeal-elevation-or-rudimental-tail-fig-908external-genital-organs-of-a-fcetus-in-the-seventh-week-the-urinary-and-genital-cmals-unite-distally-with-the-ah-mentary-canal-to-form-a-common-cavity-the-cloaca-by-which-they-communicate-with-the-exterior-genital-eminence-or-genital-tuhercle-marginal-lip-of-the-cloacal-orice-caudal-or-coccygeal-eleva-tion-or-rudimental-tail-fig-909external-genital-organs-of-a-human-foetus-in-the-beginning-of-the-third-month-months-of-four-weeks-each-having-a-body-lengt-image235393875.html
RMRJY383–. An atlas of human anatomy for students and physicians. Anatomy. Caudal or coccygeal elevation, or rudimental tail Fig. 908.—External Genital Organs of a Fcetus IN THE Seventh Week. The urinary and genital cmals unite distally with the ah- mentary canal to form a common cavity, the cloaca,^ by which they communicate with the exterior.. Genital eminence or genital tuhercle Marginal lip of the cloacal ori^ce' Caudal or coccygeal eleva tion, or rudimental tail Fig. 909.—External Genital Organs of a Human Foetus in the Beginning of the Third Month (Months of Four Weeks Each), having a Body- Lengt
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. a 3 pulses «15 pulses -I time (mins) FIGURE 11. Changes in circumference of a cloacal aperture following TP trains of 3 pulses and 15 pulses, both at 10 pulses per minute. For the experiments reported above, stimulation parameters were deliberately kept at a moderate level, so that each shock produced a single propagated TP. Stronger stimulation which causes multiple firing of the TP system, or repetition of normal stimuli at higher frequencies can produce almost complete closure of the apertures. Under these circumstances, Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-a-3-pulses-15-pulses-i-time-mins-figure-11-changes-in-circumference-of-a-cloacal-aperture-following-tp-trains-of-3-pulses-and-15-pulses-both-at-10-pulses-per-minute-for-the-experiments-reported-above-stimulation-parameters-were-deliberately-kept-at-a-moderate-level-so-that-each-shock-produced-a-single-propagated-tp-stronger-stimulation-which-causes-multiple-firing-of-the-tp-system-or-repetition-of-normal-stimuli-at-higher-frequencies-can-produce-almost-complete-closure-of-the-apertures-under-these-circumstances-image234646578.html
RMRHN22X–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. a 3 pulses «15 pulses -I time (mins) FIGURE 11. Changes in circumference of a cloacal aperture following TP trains of 3 pulses and 15 pulses, both at 10 pulses per minute. For the experiments reported above, stimulation parameters were deliberately kept at a moderate level, so that each shock produced a single propagated TP. Stronger stimulation which causes multiple firing of the TP system, or repetition of normal stimuli at higher frequencies can produce almost complete closure of the apertures. Under these circumstances,
. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. SOUTH AFRICAN ASCIDIANS 41 Description This spectacular species forms large, bright red crusts 2-3 mm thick and commonly 100 mm across. The colonies are smooth but appear convoluted growing on uneven substrata such as algae, sand, shells, polychaete tubes and many hard surfaces. The margin of the colonies is thick. The cloacal channels are wide at the thoracic level, but narrower channels cross the deeper part of the tunic. The stellate spicules are crowded throughout the full thickness of the coloni Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/annals-of-the-south-african-museum-=-annale-van-die-suid-afrikaanse-museum-natural-history-south-african-ascidians-41-description-this-spectacular-species-forms-large-bright-red-crusts-2-3-mm-thick-and-commonly-100-mm-across-the-colonies-are-smooth-but-appear-convoluted-growing-on-uneven-substrata-such-as-algae-sand-shells-polychaete-tubes-and-many-hard-surfaces-the-margin-of-the-colonies-is-thick-the-cloacal-channels-are-wide-at-the-thoracic-level-but-narrower-channels-cross-the-deeper-part-of-the-tunic-the-stellate-spicules-are-crowded-throughout-the-full-thickness-of-the-coloni-image236511562.html
RMRMP0WE–. Annals of the South African Museum = Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. Natural history. SOUTH AFRICAN ASCIDIANS 41 Description This spectacular species forms large, bright red crusts 2-3 mm thick and commonly 100 mm across. The colonies are smooth but appear convoluted growing on uneven substrata such as algae, sand, shells, polychaete tubes and many hard surfaces. The margin of the colonies is thick. The cloacal channels are wide at the thoracic level, but narrower channels cross the deeper part of the tunic. The stellate spicules are crowded throughout the full thickness of the coloni
. Comparative embryology of the vertebrates; with 2057 drawings and photos. grouped as 380 illus. Vertebrates -- Embryology; Comparative embryology. 602 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MESONEPMRIC / J ,' '-^ *5&i °^ HINDGUT I / V.'' ' -ra / VENTRAL / ,. SEE 4LS0 FIGURE 296 aOULT FORM ^ Fig. 280. Morphogenesis of the digestive tract in the frog. Rami pipiens. (See Chap. 10.) may be large and pouch-like, as in certain mammals, or slender and elongated, as in birds. e. Cloacal and Proctodaeal Area The most prominent cloacal diverticula occur ventrally. Ventral urinary bladders arise in this area in ma Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-embryology-of-the-vertebrates-with-2057-drawings-and-photos-grouped-as-380-illus-vertebrates-embryology-comparative-embryology-602-the-digestive-system-mesonepmric-j-5ampi-hindgut-i-v-ra-ventral-see-4ls0-figure-296-aoult-form-fig-280-morphogenesis-of-the-digestive-tract-in-the-frog-rami-pipiens-see-chap-10-may-be-large-and-pouch-like-as-in-certain-mammals-or-slender-and-elongated-as-in-birds-e-cloacal-and-proctodaeal-area-the-most-prominent-cloacal-diverticula-occur-ventrally-ventral-urinary-bladders-arise-in-this-area-in-ma-image232674931.html
RMREF76Y–. Comparative embryology of the vertebrates; with 2057 drawings and photos. grouped as 380 illus. Vertebrates -- Embryology; Comparative embryology. 602 THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM MESONEPMRIC / J ,' '-^ *5&i °^ HINDGUT I / V.'' ' -ra / VENTRAL / ,. SEE 4LS0 FIGURE 296 aOULT FORM ^ Fig. 280. Morphogenesis of the digestive tract in the frog. Rami pipiens. (See Chap. 10.) may be large and pouch-like, as in certain mammals, or slender and elongated, as in birds. e. Cloacal and Proctodaeal Area The most prominent cloacal diverticula occur ventrally. Ventral urinary bladders arise in this area in ma
. The Bashford Dean memorial volume : archaic fishes. Fishes; Sharks; Fishes, Fossil. The J^atural History of the Frilled Shar}{ 285 huge liver becomes enlarged at times and may then obliterate the ridges and groove—i.e., that they are a sort of "expansion-joint'' structure. This does not appeal to us since no shark, much less this one, is known to have such periodic volumetric changes in the liver. On the whole it seems possible that the tropeic folds may have somewhat the same function as the keel of a ship. CLOACAL APERTURE AND ABDOMINAL PORES The cloacal aperture is situated between t Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bashford-dean-memorial-volume-archaic-fishes-fishes-sharks-fishes-fossil-the-jatural-history-of-the-frilled-shar-285-huge-liver-becomes-enlarged-at-times-and-may-then-obliterate-the-ridges-and-grooveie-that-they-are-a-sort-of-quotexpansion-joint-structure-this-does-not-appeal-to-us-since-no-shark-much-less-this-one-is-known-to-have-such-periodic-volumetric-changes-in-the-liver-on-the-whole-it-seems-possible-that-the-tropeic-folds-may-have-somewhat-the-same-function-as-the-keel-of-a-ship-cloacal-aperture-and-abdominal-pores-the-cloacal-aperture-is-situated-between-t-image235246009.html
RMRJMAK5–. The Bashford Dean memorial volume : archaic fishes. Fishes; Sharks; Fishes, Fossil. The J^atural History of the Frilled Shar}{ 285 huge liver becomes enlarged at times and may then obliterate the ridges and groove—i.e., that they are a sort of "expansion-joint'' structure. This does not appeal to us since no shark, much less this one, is known to have such periodic volumetric changes in the liver. On the whole it seems possible that the tropeic folds may have somewhat the same function as the keel of a ship. CLOACAL APERTURE AND ABDOMINAL PORES The cloacal aperture is situated between t
. Elementary text-book of zoology. Humerus. Radius. Ulna. 3. Cloaca.—The urogenital canal and the alimentary canal have a common passage called the cloaca which opens by a single aperture to the exterior, the cloacal aperture (hence Monotremata). Fig. 335.—Pelvis of Ornithorhynchus x J. {Ad naf.) Sacrum. Ilium. Epipubic. —. Pubis, Obturator Fora- Sacrum. Acetabulum. A Epipubis. B Ischium. A, Ventral view. B, Lateral view. 4. Skeleton. — Shoulder-girdle has complete precora- coids, coracoids and epistemum. The scapula is bent forward and the spine is at the anterior border, not down the middle. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/elementary-text-book-of-zoology-humerus-radius-ulna-3-cloacathe-urogenital-canal-and-the-alimentary-canal-have-a-common-passage-called-the-cloaca-which-opens-by-a-single-aperture-to-the-exterior-the-cloacal-aperture-hence-monotremata-fig-335pelvis-of-ornithorhynchus-x-j-ad-naf-sacrum-ilium-epipubic-pubis-obturator-fora-sacrum-acetabulum-a-epipubis-b-ischium-a-ventral-view-b-lateral-view-4-skeleton-shoulder-girdle-has-complete-precora-coids-coracoids-and-epistemum-the-scapula-is-bent-forward-and-the-spine-is-at-the-anterior-border-not-down-the-middle-image232113151.html
RMRDHJKB–. Elementary text-book of zoology. Humerus. Radius. Ulna. 3. Cloaca.—The urogenital canal and the alimentary canal have a common passage called the cloaca which opens by a single aperture to the exterior, the cloacal aperture (hence Monotremata). Fig. 335.—Pelvis of Ornithorhynchus x J. {Ad naf.) Sacrum. Ilium. Epipubic. —. Pubis, Obturator Fora- Sacrum. Acetabulum. A Epipubis. B Ischium. A, Ventral view. B, Lateral view. 4. Skeleton. — Shoulder-girdle has complete precora- coids, coracoids and epistemum. The scapula is bent forward and the spine is at the anterior border, not down the middle.
. A text-book of invertebrate morphology. Invertebrates. TTFE ANNBLIDA. 245 likewise surrounding the oesopliagus and apparently represent- ing the supraoesophageal ganglion. Numerous longitudinal nerves pass forward from the ring to imite with another ring around the base of the proboscis from which nerves pass to the tentacles. Below the intestine lies a large ganglionic mass with which the circumoesophageal commissures unite and which gives off a number of peripheral nerves. This mass is mo. Fig. 111.—Myzostomum (after von Geapf). c = cirrus. r = rectum. elo = cloacal opening. s = stomach. f Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-text-book-of-invertebrate-morphology-invertebrates-ttfe-annblida-245-likewise-surrounding-the-oesopliagus-and-apparently-represent-ing-the-supraoesophageal-ganglion-numerous-longitudinal-nerves-pass-forward-from-the-ring-to-imite-with-another-ring-around-the-base-of-the-proboscis-from-which-nerves-pass-to-the-tentacles-below-the-intestine-lies-a-large-ganglionic-mass-with-which-the-circumoesophageal-commissures-unite-and-which-gives-off-a-number-of-peripheral-nerves-this-mass-is-mo-fig-111myzostomum-after-von-geapf-c-=-cirrus-r-=-rectum-elo-=-cloacal-opening-s-=-stomach-f-image232346256.html
RMRE080G–. A text-book of invertebrate morphology. Invertebrates. TTFE ANNBLIDA. 245 likewise surrounding the oesopliagus and apparently represent- ing the supraoesophageal ganglion. Numerous longitudinal nerves pass forward from the ring to imite with another ring around the base of the proboscis from which nerves pass to the tentacles. Below the intestine lies a large ganglionic mass with which the circumoesophageal commissures unite and which gives off a number of peripheral nerves. This mass is mo. Fig. 111.—Myzostomum (after von Geapf). c = cirrus. r = rectum. elo = cloacal opening. s = stomach. f
. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. Fig. 1. Sagittal section of the ganglion and neural gland of Cynthia papulosa. Note the dorsal position of the gland; its rapheal prolongation, greater in bulk than the gland proper. The great elongation of the ganglion and gland is characteristic of the Cynthiinae. hr. n. nerve to branchial siphon ; c. /. ciliated funnel, much coiled therefore cut in three places; cl. ep. cloacal epithelium; d. duct of neural gland; d. r. dorsal raphe; ec. ectodermal epitiielium of the outre surface of the body; gg. ganglion; gl. neural glan Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/anatomischer-anzeiger-anatomy-comparative-anatomy-comparative-fig-1-sagittal-section-of-the-ganglion-and-neural-gland-of-cynthia-papulosa-note-the-dorsal-position-of-the-gland-its-rapheal-prolongation-greater-in-bulk-than-the-gland-proper-the-great-elongation-of-the-ganglion-and-gland-is-characteristic-of-the-cynthiinae-hr-n-nerve-to-branchial-siphon-c-ciliated-funnel-much-coiled-therefore-cut-in-three-places-cl-ep-cloacal-epithelium-d-duct-of-neural-gland-d-r-dorsal-raphe-ec-ectodermal-epitiielium-of-the-outre-surface-of-the-body-gg-ganglion-gl-neural-glan-image236830609.html
RMRN8FT1–. Anatomischer Anzeiger. Anatomy, Comparative; Anatomy, Comparative. Fig. 1. Sagittal section of the ganglion and neural gland of Cynthia papulosa. Note the dorsal position of the gland; its rapheal prolongation, greater in bulk than the gland proper. The great elongation of the ganglion and gland is characteristic of the Cynthiinae. hr. n. nerve to branchial siphon ; c. /. ciliated funnel, much coiled therefore cut in three places; cl. ep. cloacal epithelium; d. duct of neural gland; d. r. dorsal raphe; ec. ectodermal epitiielium of the outre surface of the body; gg. ganglion; gl. neural glan
. The birds of America : from drawings made in the United States and their territories. Birds; Birds. 66 THE COMMON AMERICAN PARTRIDGE. voluted. They are marked with oblique-branched ridges on the inner sur- face. The intestine at this part is 2 twelfths in width; the rectum, a b, 2 twelfths, without cloacal enlargement. j The trachea is 3 inches 2 twelfths long, flattened; its breadth at the top 2 twelfths, at the lower part 1 twelfth; its rings cartilaginous, about 85; the lower very large, with a membrane intervening between its two portions. The lateral muscles are strong, but there are n Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-birds-of-america-from-drawings-made-in-the-united-states-and-their-territories-birds-birds-66-the-common-american-partridge-voluted-they-are-marked-with-oblique-branched-ridges-on-the-inner-sur-face-the-intestine-at-this-part-is-2-twelfths-in-width-the-rectum-a-b-2-twelfths-without-cloacal-enlargement-j-the-trachea-is-3-inches-2-twelfths-long-flattened-its-breadth-at-the-top-2-twelfths-at-the-lower-part-1-twelfth-its-rings-cartilaginous-about-85-the-lower-very-large-with-a-membrane-intervening-between-its-two-portions-the-lateral-muscles-are-strong-but-there-are-n-image234595302.html
RMRHJMKJ–. The birds of America : from drawings made in the United States and their territories. Birds; Birds. 66 THE COMMON AMERICAN PARTRIDGE. voluted. They are marked with oblique-branched ridges on the inner sur- face. The intestine at this part is 2 twelfths in width; the rectum, a b, 2 twelfths, without cloacal enlargement. j The trachea is 3 inches 2 twelfths long, flattened; its breadth at the top 2 twelfths, at the lower part 1 twelfth; its rings cartilaginous, about 85; the lower very large, with a membrane intervening between its two portions. The lateral muscles are strong, but there are n
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). RHABDITIS (NEMATODA) FOUND ON BRITISH BEACHES 331 anterior to the cloacal opening, followed by a group of seven pairs which are all roughly the same size except for those making up the second pair from the posterior end which are distinctly longer and narrower than the others. The phasmids open on the ventral surface of the tail just anterior to the long pair of papillae (Text-fig. zh). The spicules are equal in length, identical in structure and are not fused. They terminate posteriorly in simple sharp points and bear rather broad double ala Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-of-the-british-museum-natural-history-rhabditis-nematoda-found-on-british-beaches-331-anterior-to-the-cloacal-opening-followed-by-a-group-of-seven-pairs-which-are-all-roughly-the-same-size-except-for-those-making-up-the-second-pair-from-the-posterior-end-which-are-distinctly-longer-and-narrower-than-the-others-the-phasmids-open-on-the-ventral-surface-of-the-tail-just-anterior-to-the-long-pair-of-papillae-text-fig-zh-the-spicules-are-equal-in-length-identical-in-structure-and-are-not-fused-they-terminate-posteriorly-in-simple-sharp-points-and-bear-rather-broad-double-ala-image233985862.html
RMRGJY9X–. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). RHABDITIS (NEMATODA) FOUND ON BRITISH BEACHES 331 anterior to the cloacal opening, followed by a group of seven pairs which are all roughly the same size except for those making up the second pair from the posterior end which are distinctly longer and narrower than the others. The phasmids open on the ventral surface of the tail just anterior to the long pair of papillae (Text-fig. zh). The spicules are equal in length, identical in structure and are not fused. They terminate posteriorly in simple sharp points and bear rather broad double ala
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 3i8 FISHES of the abdomen, immediately external to the peritoneum (Fig. 187). Each vein begins near the pelvic fin, where it is con- nected with its fellow across the dorsal face of the ischio-pubic cartilage, and thence runs forward towards the pectoral fin. At its origin the lateral vein receives a femoral vein from the pelvic fin and a cloacal vein, and also, near its anterior end, a brachial vein from the pectoral fin, finally joining the Cuvierian duct of its side.^ The anterior cardinal vein is situated directly above the gill- arches of its side Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-cambridge-natural-history-zoology-3i8-fishes-of-the-abdomen-immediately-external-to-the-peritoneum-fig-187-each-vein-begins-near-the-pelvic-fin-where-it-is-con-nected-with-its-fellow-across-the-dorsal-face-of-the-ischio-pubic-cartilage-and-thence-runs-forward-towards-the-pectoral-fin-at-its-origin-the-lateral-vein-receives-a-femoral-vein-from-the-pelvic-fin-and-a-cloacal-vein-and-also-near-its-anterior-end-a-brachial-vein-from-the-pectoral-fin-finally-joining-the-cuvierian-duct-of-its-side-the-anterior-cardinal-vein-is-situated-directly-above-the-gill-arches-of-its-side-image232173285.html
RMRDMBB1–. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. 3i8 FISHES of the abdomen, immediately external to the peritoneum (Fig. 187). Each vein begins near the pelvic fin, where it is con- nected with its fellow across the dorsal face of the ischio-pubic cartilage, and thence runs forward towards the pectoral fin. At its origin the lateral vein receives a femoral vein from the pelvic fin and a cloacal vein, and also, near its anterior end, a brachial vein from the pectoral fin, finally joining the Cuvierian duct of its side.^ The anterior cardinal vein is situated directly above the gill- arches of its side
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 186 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM namely the relative length of spicules, the longer spicule in H. uni- lateralis being only 2% times the length of the shorter, in their speci- mens over 3 times as long; the 2 pairs of postanal papillae situated between the cloacal aperture and the terminal group of small papillae are long pedunculated papillae in H. unilateralism whereas they are sessile papillae in the specimens of Gendre and Seurat. It is there- fore thought advisable by the present writer to keep as a distinct species the f Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/bulletin-united-states-national-museum-science-186-bulletin-140-united-states-national-museum-namely-the-relative-length-of-spicules-the-longer-spicule-in-h-uni-lateralis-being-only-2-times-the-length-of-the-shorter-in-their-speci-mens-over-3-times-as-long-the-2-pairs-of-postanal-papillae-situated-between-the-cloacal-aperture-and-the-terminal-group-of-small-papillae-are-long-pedunculated-papillae-in-h-unilateralism-whereas-they-are-sessile-papillae-in-the-specimens-of-gendre-and-seurat-it-is-there-fore-thought-advisable-by-the-present-writer-to-keep-as-a-distinct-species-the-f-image233742154.html
RMRG7TE2–. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. 186 BULLETIN 140, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM namely the relative length of spicules, the longer spicule in H. uni- lateralis being only 2% times the length of the shorter, in their speci- mens over 3 times as long; the 2 pairs of postanal papillae situated between the cloacal aperture and the terminal group of small papillae are long pedunculated papillae in H. unilateralism whereas they are sessile papillae in the specimens of Gendre and Seurat. It is there- fore thought advisable by the present writer to keep as a distinct species the f
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 198 G. O. MACKIE AND C. L. SINGLA. FIGURE 8. Cloacal aperture before (A) and after (B) stimulation of the tunic. Three TPs were elicited 10 seconds apart, leading to reduction of the circumference of the aperture by 17%. CAPs can be recorded a short distance down the zooid stalk and in the upper sheet of the tunic close to the zooids; these signals are probably picked up electrotonically, rather than being conducted events. Recordings from the vascular ampullae show small potentials similar to those recorded from the ampulla Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-198-g-o-mackie-and-c-l-singla-figure-8-cloacal-aperture-before-a-and-after-b-stimulation-of-the-tunic-three-tps-were-elicited-10-seconds-apart-leading-to-reduction-of-the-circumference-of-the-aperture-by-17-caps-can-be-recorded-a-short-distance-down-the-zooid-stalk-and-in-the-upper-sheet-of-the-tunic-close-to-the-zooids-these-signals-are-probably-picked-up-electrotonically-rather-than-being-conducted-events-recordings-from-the-vascular-ampullae-show-small-potentials-similar-to-those-recorded-from-the-ampulla-image234646628.html
RMRHN24M–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 198 G. O. MACKIE AND C. L. SINGLA. FIGURE 8. Cloacal aperture before (A) and after (B) stimulation of the tunic. Three TPs were elicited 10 seconds apart, leading to reduction of the circumference of the aperture by 17%. CAPs can be recorded a short distance down the zooid stalk and in the upper sheet of the tunic close to the zooids; these signals are probably picked up electrotonically, rather than being conducted events. Recordings from the vascular ampullae show small potentials similar to those recorded from the ampulla
. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 226 POPJFERA. Sub Order III. LEUCONES. A complicated system of branching in- current and excurrent canals in the thick walls connects the ampulla) with the outer surface and the cloacal cavity (figs. 164, 1G8). Leiicetta, Leucortis.. Fig. 170.—Sponge spicules. (From Lang.) Order II. Silicispongise. The siliceous sponges are richest iu species and occur at all depths of the sea, being frequently noticeable from their size (up to a yard) and their bright colors. They are subdivided into Triaxonia and Tetraxonia. In the Triaxonia the spicules com- jiosing the skele Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-zoology-226-popjfera-sub-order-iii-leucones-a-complicated-system-of-branching-in-current-and-excurrent-canals-in-the-thick-walls-connects-the-ampulla-with-the-outer-surface-and-the-cloacal-cavity-figs-164-1g8-leiicetta-leucortis-fig-170sponge-spicules-from-lang-order-ii-silicispongise-the-siliceous-sponges-are-richest-iu-species-and-occur-at-all-depths-of-the-sea-being-frequently-noticeable-from-their-size-up-to-a-yard-and-their-bright-colors-they-are-subdivided-into-triaxonia-and-tetraxonia-in-the-triaxonia-the-spicules-com-jiosing-the-skele-image232347673.html
RMRE09R5–. A manual of zoology. Zoology. 226 POPJFERA. Sub Order III. LEUCONES. A complicated system of branching in- current and excurrent canals in the thick walls connects the ampulla) with the outer surface and the cloacal cavity (figs. 164, 1G8). Leiicetta, Leucortis.. Fig. 170.—Sponge spicules. (From Lang.) Order II. Silicispongise. The siliceous sponges are richest iu species and occur at all depths of the sea, being frequently noticeable from their size (up to a yard) and their bright colors. They are subdivided into Triaxonia and Tetraxonia. In the Triaxonia the spicules com- jiosing the skele
. A laboratory manual and text-book of embryology. Embryology. Fig. 228.—Four stages in the development of the external genitalia in embryos of 24 to 34 mm. Indifferent stage: 1, phallus; •, glans; 3, primitive urogenital opening; 4, genital tubercle or swelling; 5, anus; 6, coccyx (Tourneux in Heisler's Embryology). constitute the genital eminence. Cranially about the phallus the cloacal tu- bercle forms a crescent-shaped genital tubercle, which later gives rise to the right and left genital swellings. The phallus grows rapidly and into it extends the phallic portion of the urogenital sinus. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-laboratory-manual-and-text-book-of-embryology-embryology-fig-228four-stages-in-the-development-of-the-external-genitalia-in-embryos-of-24-to-34-mm-indifferent-stage-1-phallus-glans-3-primitive-urogenital-opening-4-genital-tubercle-or-swelling-5-anus-6-coccyx-tourneux-in-heislers-embryology-constitute-the-genital-eminence-cranially-about-the-phallus-the-cloacal-tu-bercle-forms-a-crescent-shaped-genital-tubercle-which-later-gives-rise-to-the-right-and-left-genital-swellings-the-phallus-grows-rapidly-and-into-it-extends-the-phallic-portion-of-the-urogenital-sinus-image232320352.html
RMRDY2YC–. A laboratory manual and text-book of embryology. Embryology. Fig. 228.—Four stages in the development of the external genitalia in embryos of 24 to 34 mm. Indifferent stage: 1, phallus; •, glans; 3, primitive urogenital opening; 4, genital tubercle or swelling; 5, anus; 6, coccyx (Tourneux in Heisler's Embryology). constitute the genital eminence. Cranially about the phallus the cloacal tu- bercle forms a crescent-shaped genital tubercle, which later gives rise to the right and left genital swellings. The phallus grows rapidly and into it extends the phallic portion of the urogenital sinus.
. The American beaver and his works [microform]. Beavers; Castors. 302 APPENDICES. several layers of oonuective tissue, lined by a tender membrane, which is colored by the secretion, and exhibits minute follicular apertures. The castoreum is light or dark yellow in different cases, viscid, adhesive, gritty from the presence of calcareous mat- ter, and has a strong, peculiar odor. Under the microscope, it shows granular and epithelial matter, and spherical crystals of Fia. 2.. Drawn by W. W. FAy. Note to Figures 2 and 3. 1. Uterus and Fallopian tubes. 7. Cloacal cavity laid open—above 2. Bladil Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-american-beaver-and-his-works-microform-beavers-castors-302-appendices-several-layers-of-oonuective-tissue-lined-by-a-tender-membrane-which-is-colored-by-the-secretion-and-exhibits-minute-follicular-apertures-the-castoreum-is-light-or-dark-yellow-in-different-cases-viscid-adhesive-gritty-from-the-presence-of-calcareous-mat-ter-and-has-a-strong-peculiar-odor-under-the-microscope-it-shows-granular-and-epithelial-matter-and-spherical-crystals-of-fia-2-drawn-by-w-w-fay-note-to-figures-2-and-3-1-uterus-and-fallopian-tubes-7-cloacal-cavity-laid-openabove-2-bladil-image234845558.html
RMRJ23WA–. The American beaver and his works [microform]. Beavers; Castors. 302 APPENDICES. several layers of oonuective tissue, lined by a tender membrane, which is colored by the secretion, and exhibits minute follicular apertures. The castoreum is light or dark yellow in different cases, viscid, adhesive, gritty from the presence of calcareous mat- ter, and has a strong, peculiar odor. Under the microscope, it shows granular and epithelial matter, and spherical crystals of Fia. 2.. Drawn by W. W. FAy. Note to Figures 2 and 3. 1. Uterus and Fallopian tubes. 7. Cloacal cavity laid open—above 2. Bladil
. A manual of elementary zoology . Zoology. CHAPTER III THE FROG: VISCERA AND VASCULAR SYSTEM Alimentary System. membrane. ,-cr.. The food of the frog is received and digested by a winding tube, known as the gut or alimen- tary canal, which runs from mouth to cloacal opening and is lined by a soft, glandular mucous The gape of the mouth lies between two jaws, of which the upper is not movable, but the lower is hinged. There are no teeth in the lower jaw, but the upper bears a row of maxillary teeth, and a patch of vomerine teeth is found on each side of the roof of the mouth. The teeth are sma Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-elementary-zoology-zoology-chapter-iii-the-frog-viscera-and-vascular-system-alimentary-system-membrane-cr-the-food-of-the-frog-is-received-and-digested-by-a-winding-tube-known-as-the-gut-or-alimen-tary-canal-which-runs-from-mouth-to-cloacal-opening-and-is-lined-by-a-soft-glandular-mucous-the-gape-of-the-mouth-lies-between-two-jaws-of-which-the-upper-is-not-movable-but-the-lower-is-hinged-there-are-no-teeth-in-the-lower-jaw-but-the-upper-bears-a-row-of-maxillary-teeth-and-a-patch-of-vomerine-teeth-is-found-on-each-side-of-the-roof-of-the-mouth-the-teeth-are-sma-image232124147.html
RMRDJ4M3–. A manual of elementary zoology . Zoology. CHAPTER III THE FROG: VISCERA AND VASCULAR SYSTEM Alimentary System. membrane. ,-cr.. The food of the frog is received and digested by a winding tube, known as the gut or alimen- tary canal, which runs from mouth to cloacal opening and is lined by a soft, glandular mucous The gape of the mouth lies between two jaws, of which the upper is not movable, but the lower is hinged. There are no teeth in the lower jaw, but the upper bears a row of maxillary teeth, and a patch of vomerine teeth is found on each side of the roof of the mouth. The teeth are sma
. The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology. Natural history; Zoology; Botany; Geology. Archidistoma nggregatum.—A smnll colony, enlarged. Fig. 2.. 1-v Archidistoma aggregatum.—Part of another colony, enlarged, showing the partial freedom of the zooids of a clump, and the tendency of the cloacal openings towards a central position. Archidistoma aggregatum^ sp. nov. Clumps composed of a small but variable number of zooids. Test arenaceous. Tentacles about thirty in number. Pharynx possessing three rows of straight elongated stigmata ; hori- zontal membranes betwee Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-annals-and-magazine-of-natural-history-zoology-botany-and-geology-natural-history-zoology-botany-geology-archidistoma-nggregatuma-smnll-colony-enlarged-fig-2-1-v-archidistoma-aggregatumpart-of-another-colony-enlarged-showing-the-partial-freedom-of-the-zooids-of-a-clump-and-the-tendency-of-the-cloacal-openings-towards-a-central-position-archidistoma-aggregatum-sp-nov-clumps-composed-of-a-small-but-variable-number-of-zooids-test-arenaceous-tentacles-about-thirty-in-number-pharynx-possessing-three-rows-of-straight-elongated-stigmata-hori-zontal-membranes-betwee-image236534775.html
RMRMR2EF–. The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology. Natural history; Zoology; Botany; Geology. Archidistoma nggregatum.—A smnll colony, enlarged. Fig. 2.. 1-v Archidistoma aggregatum.—Part of another colony, enlarged, showing the partial freedom of the zooids of a clump, and the tendency of the cloacal openings towards a central position. Archidistoma aggregatum^ sp. nov. Clumps composed of a small but variable number of zooids. Test arenaceous. Tentacles about thirty in number. Pharynx possessing three rows of straight elongated stigmata ; hori- zontal membranes betwee
. The biology of marine animals. Marine animals; Physiology, Comparative. Time (minutes) Fig. 3.4. Periodic Changes in the Volume of an Intact Holothuria grisea Time scale in minutes. Each cycle in the curve represents a series of about ten cloacal contractions, increasing the body volume by 10-15 ml, followed by a contraction of the body wall. Each contraction of the cloaca drives in about 1 ml; when the body wall contracts, all of the accumulated water is driven out and the volume falls. (From Pantin and Sawaya (101).) '-0 -i-J 3 - Maxima./ response to touch Active elongation Bending and elo Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biology-of-marine-animals-marine-animals-physiology-comparative-time-minutes-fig-34-periodic-changes-in-the-volume-of-an-intact-holothuria-grisea-time-scale-in-minutes-each-cycle-in-the-curve-represents-a-series-of-about-ten-cloacal-contractions-increasing-the-body-volume-by-10-15-ml-followed-by-a-contraction-of-the-body-wall-each-contraction-of-the-cloaca-drives-in-about-1-ml-when-the-body-wall-contracts-all-of-the-accumulated-water-is-driven-out-and-the-volume-falls-from-pantin-and-sawaya-101-0-i-j-3-maxima-response-to-touch-active-elongation-bending-and-elo-image234604689.html
RMRHK4JW–. The biology of marine animals. Marine animals; Physiology, Comparative. Time (minutes) Fig. 3.4. Periodic Changes in the Volume of an Intact Holothuria grisea Time scale in minutes. Each cycle in the curve represents a series of about ten cloacal contractions, increasing the body volume by 10-15 ml, followed by a contraction of the body wall. Each contraction of the cloaca drives in about 1 ml; when the body wall contracts, all of the accumulated water is driven out and the volume falls. (From Pantin and Sawaya (101).) '-0 -i-J 3 - Maxima./ response to touch Active elongation Bending and elo
. A manual of zoology. XII PHYLUM CHORDATA 429 When the embryo escapes from the egg by the rupture of the egg-membrane it swims about as a little fish-like creature or tadpole, with two pairs of branched external gills and a. Fig. 257.—Rana esculenta. Urinogenital organs of the female. N, kidneys; Od, oviduct; Ot, its ccelomic aperture: Ov, left ovary (the right is removed); P, cloacal aperture of oviduct; i". S', cloacal apertures of ureters; Ut, uterine dilatation of oviduct. (From Wiedersheim's Comparative Anatomy.) long tail. There is no mouth, and eyes have not yet become developed. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-manual-of-zoology-xii-phylum-chordata-429-when-the-embryo-escapes-from-the-egg-by-the-rupture-of-the-egg-membrane-it-swims-about-as-a-little-fish-like-creature-or-tadpole-with-two-pairs-of-branched-external-gills-and-a-fig-257rana-esculenta-urinogenital-organs-of-the-female-n-kidneys-od-oviduct-ot-its-ccelomic-aperture-ov-left-ovary-the-right-is-removed-p-cloacal-aperture-of-oviduct-iquot-s-cloacal-apertures-of-ureters-ut-uterine-dilatation-of-oviduct-from-wiedersheims-comparative-anatomy-long-tail-there-is-no-mouth-and-eyes-have-not-yet-become-developed-image232132334.html
RMRDJF4E–. A manual of zoology. XII PHYLUM CHORDATA 429 When the embryo escapes from the egg by the rupture of the egg-membrane it swims about as a little fish-like creature or tadpole, with two pairs of branched external gills and a. Fig. 257.—Rana esculenta. Urinogenital organs of the female. N, kidneys; Od, oviduct; Ot, its ccelomic aperture: Ov, left ovary (the right is removed); P, cloacal aperture of oviduct; i". S', cloacal apertures of ureters; Ut, uterine dilatation of oviduct. (From Wiedersheim's Comparative Anatomy.) long tail. There is no mouth, and eyes have not yet become developed.
. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. Nervous system and sense organs. 401 nervous system consists merely of a ganglionic mass lying between the two apertures, giving off a few nerves forwards and backwards. A structure of doubtful sensory, but of considerable morphological, Ph.. Fig. 174.—Diagram of Ascidian.—After Herdman. The arrows indicate the two openings ; the dark border the test. Ph., pharynx, with gill-slits; G., reproductive organs; H., heart, with blood vessels; G.D., genital ducts; R., rectum, ending in cloacal chamber. Surrounding the pharynx the peribranchial cavity is shown. importan Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/outlines-of-zoology-zoology-nervous-system-and-sense-organs-401-nervous-system-consists-merely-of-a-ganglionic-mass-lying-between-the-two-apertures-giving-off-a-few-nerves-forwards-and-backwards-a-structure-of-doubtful-sensory-but-of-considerable-morphological-ph-fig-174diagram-of-ascidianafter-herdman-the-arrows-indicate-the-two-openings-the-dark-border-the-test-ph-pharynx-with-gill-slits-g-reproductive-organs-h-heart-with-blood-vessels-gd-genital-ducts-r-rectum-ending-in-cloacal-chamber-surrounding-the-pharynx-the-peribranchial-cavity-is-shown-importan-image232208154.html
RMRDNYTA–. Outlines of zoology. Zoology. Nervous system and sense organs. 401 nervous system consists merely of a ganglionic mass lying between the two apertures, giving off a few nerves forwards and backwards. A structure of doubtful sensory, but of considerable morphological, Ph.. Fig. 174.—Diagram of Ascidian.—After Herdman. The arrows indicate the two openings ; the dark border the test. Ph., pharynx, with gill-slits; G., reproductive organs; H., heart, with blood vessels; G.D., genital ducts; R., rectum, ending in cloacal chamber. Surrounding the pharynx the peribranchial cavity is shown. importan
. Comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Anatomy, Comparative; Vertebrates. rd.. FIG. 98.—A, B, C. DIAGRAM OF THREE SUCCESSIVE STAGES IN THE DEVELOP- MENT OF THE PELVIC FIN OF A SHARK. cl, cloacal aperture ; fo, obturator foramen; rd, primitive radii, which in A are beginning to fuse into a basal plate (7«). In B this fusion has taken place on both sides, and at * the proximal ends of the two basals are approximat- ing to form the arch. In C the process is completed, and at f an articulation has been formed between the arch and the free portion of the fin. On the left side in C the radii are beco Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comparative-anatomy-of-vertebrates-anatomy-comparative-vertebrates-rd-fig-98a-b-c-diagram-of-three-successive-stages-in-the-develop-ment-of-the-pelvic-fin-of-a-shark-cl-cloacal-aperture-fo-obturator-foramen-rd-primitive-radii-which-in-a-are-beginning-to-fuse-into-a-basal-plate-7-in-b-this-fusion-has-taken-place-on-both-sides-and-at-the-proximal-ends-of-the-two-basals-are-approximat-ing-to-form-the-arch-in-c-the-process-is-completed-and-at-f-an-articulation-has-been-formed-between-the-arch-and-the-free-portion-of-the-fin-on-the-left-side-in-c-the-radii-are-beco-image232667294.html
RMREEWE6–. Comparative anatomy of vertebrates. Anatomy, Comparative; Vertebrates. rd.. FIG. 98.—A, B, C. DIAGRAM OF THREE SUCCESSIVE STAGES IN THE DEVELOP- MENT OF THE PELVIC FIN OF A SHARK. cl, cloacal aperture ; fo, obturator foramen; rd, primitive radii, which in A are beginning to fuse into a basal plate (7«). In B this fusion has taken place on both sides, and at * the proximal ends of the two basals are approximat- ing to form the arch. In C the process is completed, and at f an articulation has been formed between the arch and the free portion of the fin. On the left side in C the radii are beco
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 210 G. O. MACKIE AND C. L. SINGLA. FIGURE 1. Edge of a colony of Botrylloides. a, ampullae; c, common cloacal siphon. Bar represents 1 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS During February and March 1982 colonies of Botryllus sp. (the "Monterey Bo- tryllus" of Scofield el al, 1982) and Botrylloides diegensis were collected from rocks in Monterey Bay, California and maintained in the sea water system at the Hopkins. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for re Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-biological-bulletin-biology-zoology-biology-marine-biology-210-g-o-mackie-and-c-l-singla-figure-1-edge-of-a-colony-of-botrylloides-a-ampullae-c-common-cloacal-siphon-bar-represents-1-mm-materials-and-methods-during-february-and-march-1982-colonies-of-botryllus-sp-the-quotmonterey-bo-tryllusquot-of-scofield-el-al-1982-and-botrylloides-diegensis-were-collected-from-rocks-in-monterey-bay-california-and-maintained-in-the-sea-water-system-at-the-hopkins-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-re-image234646738.html
RMRHN28J–. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 210 G. O. MACKIE AND C. L. SINGLA. FIGURE 1. Edge of a colony of Botrylloides. a, ampullae; c, common cloacal siphon. Bar represents 1 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS During February and March 1982 colonies of Botryllus sp. (the "Monterey Bo- tryllus" of Scofield el al, 1982) and Botrylloides diegensis were collected from rocks in Monterey Bay, California and maintained in the sea water system at the Hopkins. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for re
Download Confirmation
Please complete the form below. The information provided will be included in your download confirmation