Propagation from cuttings Black and White Stock Photos & Images

Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of pot with Tradescantia cuttings, propagation and cloning . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898. Stock Vector

RF2ATP4YB–Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of pot with Tradescantia cuttings, propagation and cloning . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898.

RF2D0XHC8–Plant propagation black glyph icon. The process which grows new plants from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings, and other plant parts. Pictogram

. Productive agriculture . part of the epidermal covering. Root Cuttings. Blackberries and red raspberries may bepropagated by root cuttings. Roots cut from 2 to 3 incheslong are placed in a propagating medium; and if the conditionsfor growth are maintained, they will in due time produceplants. Hard and Soft Wood Cuttings. Any shrub or vine can be PLANT PROPAGATION 335 propagated by cuttings, but grapes, currants, and shrubs usedfor ornamental purposes are especially adaptable to this typeof propagation. Hardwood and softwood cuttings are similar.Hardwood cuttings are those made from perennial Stock Photo

RM2CDBM3W–. Productive agriculture . part of the epidermal covering. Root Cuttings. Blackberries and red raspberries may bepropagated by root cuttings. Roots cut from 2 to 3 incheslong are placed in a propagating medium; and if the conditionsfor growth are maintained, they will in due time produceplants. Hard and Soft Wood Cuttings. Any shrub or vine can be PLANT PROPAGATION 335 propagated by cuttings, but grapes, currants, and shrubs usedfor ornamental purposes are especially adaptable to this typeof propagation. Hardwood and softwood cuttings are similar.Hardwood cuttings are those made from perennial

RF2CT207H–Plant propagation black line icon. The process which grows new plants from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings, and other plant parts. Pictogram for

. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. 256 PBOPAGATIOK OF PLANTS. from Conneoticut southward, the most common heing known as the Groundsel tree (-B. halimifdka). Propagated by seed and ripe wood cuttings. Banksia.—^A genus of evergreen shrubs, native of Australia, and cultivated Stock Photo

RMPG4683–. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. 256 PBOPAGATIOK OF PLANTS. from Conneoticut southward, the most common heing known as the Groundsel tree (-B. halimifdka). Propagated by seed and ripe wood cuttings. Banksia.—^A genus of evergreen shrubs, native of Australia, and cultivated

Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of cuttings of pelargonium and ficus plants or flowers for cloning and propagation . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898. Stock Vector

RF2ATP39H–Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of cuttings of pelargonium and ficus plants or flowers for cloning and propagation . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898.

. The fruit garden. Fruit-culture; Fruit trees. 278 THE FRUIT GARDEN. Propagation by "Eyes" and Cuttings. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bunyard, George; Thomas, Owen. New York, C. Scribner Stock Photo

RMRE40MT–. The fruit garden. Fruit-culture; Fruit trees. 278 THE FRUIT GARDEN. Propagation by "Eyes" and Cuttings. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Bunyard, George; Thomas, Owen. New York, C. Scribner

. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 68o THE PINEAPPLE. enne stalk, the result of crossing, the effects of which prob- abl}' extended to the crown above and the slips immediately below it. Plants are multiplied by the crown at the top of the fruit, the slips which cluster about its base, the suckers near the foot of the stalk, or the ratoons from the root. If the variety be scarce and va- luable, additional plants may be produced from cuttings of the stem, which contain dormant axillary Stock Photo

RMPG0916–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 68o THE PINEAPPLE. enne stalk, the result of crossing, the effects of which prob- abl}' extended to the crown above and the slips immediately below it. Plants are multiplied by the crown at the top of the fruit, the slips which cluster about its base, the suckers near the foot of the stalk, or the ratoons from the root. If the variety be scarce and va- luable, additional plants may be produced from cuttings of the stem, which contain dormant axillary

Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of flower or plant cuttings under glass cover,propagation and cloning . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898. Stock Vector

RF2ATP44F–Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of flower or plant cuttings under glass cover,propagation and cloning . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898.

RMRDDAPG–. The propagation of plants ; giving the principles which govern the development and growth of plants, their botanical affinities and peculiar properties; also, descriptions of the process by which varieties and species are crossed or hybridized, and the many different methods by which cultivated plants may be propagated and multiplied . Plant propagation. 256 PBOPAGATIOK OF PLANTS. from Conneoticut southward, the most common heing known as the Groundsel tree (-B. halimifdka). Propagated by seed and ripe wood cuttings. Banksia.—^A genus of evergreen shrubs, native of Australia, and cultivated

. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. POLLEN FLOWERS 105 concerned with the production not only of good fruit but also of seeds capable of germination for the propagation of the stock. At the present time fig-trees are no longer produced from seeds, but from cuttings, so that caprification is superfluous. As already mentioned (pp. 64, 67-8), Hermann Miiller ('Alpenblumen,' pp. 479- 511) arranged entomophilous flowers in nine classes, and these must here be described at some length. I. Pollen Flo Stock Photo

RMPG295P–. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. POLLEN FLOWERS 105 concerned with the production not only of good fruit but also of seeds capable of germination for the propagation of the stock. At the present time fig-trees are no longer produced from seeds, but from cuttings, so that caprification is superfluous. As already mentioned (pp. 64, 67-8), Hermann Miiller ('Alpenblumen,' pp. 479- 511) arranged entomophilous flowers in nine classes, and these must here be described at some length. I. Pollen Flo

Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of Pelargonium plant cuttings in flower pot, propagation and cloning . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898. Stock Vector

RF2ATP4M6–Antique vintage line art illustration, engraving or drawing of Pelargonium plant cuttings in flower pot, propagation and cloning . From book Plants in Room, Prague, 1898.

RMRDE33D–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 68o THE PINEAPPLE. enne stalk, the result of crossing, the effects of which prob- abl}' extended to the crown above and the slips immediately below it. Plants are multiplied by the crown at the top of the fruit, the slips which cluster about its base, the suckers near the foot of the stalk, or the ratoons from the root. If the variety be scarce and va- luable, additional plants may be produced from cuttings of the stem, which contain dormant axillary

. Fruit-gardening : containing complete practical directions for the selection, propagation and cultivation of all kinds of fruit . Fruit-culture. FRmT-GABDENING. 81 cultivated in tLe garden of the Horticultural Society of London, comprising twelve varieties of red, ten of white, five kinds of black, together with a champagne, mountain, rock, upright, and Pennsylvanian. Any number of varieties of the red and white. Ked Dutch Currants. may be procured from sowing the seed; but they are generally propagated by cuttings of the last year's wood, which should be of sufficient length to form handsom Stock Photo

RMPG440W–. Fruit-gardening : containing complete practical directions for the selection, propagation and cultivation of all kinds of fruit . Fruit-culture. FRmT-GABDENING. 81 cultivated in tLe garden of the Horticultural Society of London, comprising twelve varieties of red, ten of white, five kinds of black, together with a champagne, mountain, rock, upright, and Pennsylvanian. Any number of varieties of the red and white. Ked Dutch Currants. may be procured from sowing the seed; but they are generally propagated by cuttings of the last year's wood, which should be of sufficient length to form handsom

. The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. Gardening; Horticulture. 972 THE BOOK OB' GARDENING. Holly, Ash, Lime, &c, stocks of the common species are generally used. Stocks may be raised from either seeds, layers, or cuttings; but when they can be obtained seedlings are to be preferred. The only drawback to propagation by budding or grafting is the tendency of the .stock to throw up suckers. These should be removed directly they appear, for if once allowed to make headway they will often cause the death of the scion.. Entrance of Temperate House, Kew.. Please note that these ima Stock Photo

RMRDXMA8–. The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. Gardening; Horticulture. 972 THE BOOK OB' GARDENING. Holly, Ash, Lime, &c, stocks of the common species are generally used. Stocks may be raised from either seeds, layers, or cuttings; but when they can be obtained seedlings are to be preferred. The only drawback to propagation by budding or grafting is the tendency of the .stock to throw up suckers. These should be removed directly they appear, for if once allowed to make headway they will often cause the death of the scion.. Entrance of Temperate House, Kew.. Please note that these ima

. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 402 THE GRAPE.. It will be observed that while these plants were forming from the layered cane, one, two, or three shoots, according to the strength of the plant, should be trained to a stake for next season's work, the cane having been properly cut back for this purpose. Cuttings in Open Ground.— This is the common method of raising commercial grape-vines at the present time. Much depends on the character of the soil for retaining moisture, and still Stock Photo

RMPG0073–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 402 THE GRAPE.. It will be observed that while these plants were forming from the layered cane, one, two, or three shoots, according to the strength of the plant, should be trained to a stake for next season's work, the cane having been properly cut back for this purpose. Cuttings in Open Ground.— This is the common method of raising commercial grape-vines at the present time. Much depends on the character of the soil for retaining moisture, and still

. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. PROPAGATION. 129 ground stems or stolons, analogous to what is seen in the reproductive character of the Strawherry. The same character is met with among Amaryllida- ceous plants, Orlnums and Agaves heing the com- monest examples. It is generally supposed that Cordylines (Dracaenas) are propagated from root- cuttings, â¢ hut the portions of the plants thus em- ployed appear to he forms of the stem rather than true roots. It is, however, often difficult to dis- criminate between such parts and roots proper. In Burhidge's " Propagation and Improveme Stock Photo

RMRDR32A–. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. PROPAGATION. 129 ground stems or stolons, analogous to what is seen in the reproductive character of the Strawherry. The same character is met with among Amaryllida- ceous plants, Orlnums and Agaves heing the com- monest examples. It is generally supposed that Cordylines (Dracaenas) are propagated from root- cuttings, â¢ hut the portions of the plants thus em- ployed appear to he forms of the stem rather than true roots. It is, however, often difficult to dis- criminate between such parts and roots proper. In Burhidge's " Propagation and Improveme

. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. XL. CAPRIFOLIA CEiE : SAMBU CUS. 513 open, and fully exposed to the light and air. The plant roots so readily from cuttings and truncheons, that, where the soil is tolerably moist, a plantation or a hedge may be made at once, by the use of the latter, instead of employ- ing rooted plants Stock Photo

RMPG2BH9–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. XL. CAPRIFOLIA CEiE : SAMBU CUS. 513 open, and fully exposed to the light and air. The plant roots so readily from cuttings and truncheons, that, where the soil is tolerably moist, a plantation or a hedge may be made at once, by the use of the latter, instead of employ- ing rooted plants

RMRDEYB6–. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. POLLEN FLOWERS 105 concerned with the production not only of good fruit but also of seeds capable of germination for the propagation of the stock. At the present time fig-trees are no longer produced from seeds, but from cuttings, so that caprification is superfluous. As already mentioned (pp. 64, 67-8), Hermann Miiller ('Alpenblumen,' pp. 479- 511) arranged entomophilous flowers in nine classes, and these must here be described at some length. I. Pollen Flo

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. liOTTOM HEAT 91 FIG. 81 GLASS COVERED CUT- TING FRAME. must be avoided, because the reverse are necessar}- to rout making, which should always, except perhaps with tuber and root cuttings, precede growth of stem and leaf. The philosophy of this is apparent; for when growth starts, the foods stored in the plant are moved rapidly to the part that has become active. Hence if the part be above ground all the food goes there; in fact, is removed from the part that should form roots. Result, breakdown and death. Con'ersely, Stock Photo

RMPG3WCJ–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. liOTTOM HEAT 91 FIG. 81 GLASS COVERED CUT- TING FRAME. must be avoided, because the reverse are necessar}- to rout making, which should always, except perhaps with tuber and root cuttings, precede growth of stem and leaf. The philosophy of this is apparent; for when growth starts, the foods stored in the plant are moved rapidly to the part that has become active. Hence if the part be above ground all the food goes there; in fact, is removed from the part that should form roots. Result, breakdown and death. Con'ersely,

. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. It will be observed that while these plants were forming from the layered cane, one, two, or three shoots, according to the strength of the plant, should be trained to a stake for next season's work, the cane having been properly cut back for this purpose. Cuttings in Open Ground.— This is the common method of raising commercial grape-vines at the present time. Much depends on the character of the soil for retaining moisture, and still more on the hum Stock Photo

RMRDD9D6–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. It will be observed that while these plants were forming from the layered cane, one, two, or three shoots, according to the strength of the plant, should be trained to a stake for next season's work, the cane having been properly cut back for this purpose. Cuttings in Open Ground.— This is the common method of raising commercial grape-vines at the present time. Much depends on the character of the soil for retaining moisture, and still more on the hum

RMPG006T–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. It will be observed that while these plants were forming from the layered cane, one, two, or three shoots, according to the strength of the plant, should be trained to a stake for next season's work, the cane having been properly cut back for this purpose. Cuttings in Open Ground.— This is the common method of raising commercial grape-vines at the present time. Much depends on the character of the soil for retaining moisture, and still more on the hum

RMRDC07P–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. liOTTOM HEAT 91 FIG. 81 GLASS COVERED CUT- TING FRAME. must be avoided, because the reverse are necessar}- to rout making, which should always, except perhaps with tuber and root cuttings, precede growth of stem and leaf. The philosophy of this is apparent; for when growth starts, the foods stored in the plant are moved rapidly to the part that has become active. Hence if the part be above ground all the food goes there; in fact, is removed from the part that should form roots. Result, breakdown and death. Con'ersely,

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CHAPTER VI PROPAGATION BY BUDS—LAYERAGE 94. Layerage is the rooting of stems while still attached to the parent plant. The rooted pieces are cut oif to form new plants. Many species propagate themselves naturally by various modifications of layerage and many which cannot readily be propagated from cuttings (black raspberry) easily do so by means of layers. Layering is one of the easiest and most popular methods of propa- gation. The parent plant supplies food to the layer until this is capable of caring for itself. In o Stock Photo

RMPG3KJ0–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CHAPTER VI PROPAGATION BY BUDS—LAYERAGE 94. Layerage is the rooting of stems while still attached to the parent plant. The rooted pieces are cut oif to form new plants. Many species propagate themselves naturally by various modifications of layerage and many which cannot readily be propagated from cuttings (black raspberry) easily do so by means of layers. Layering is one of the easiest and most popular methods of propa- gation. The parent plant supplies food to the layer until this is capable of caring for itself. In o

. The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. Gardening; Horticulture. ON GREENHOUSE PLANTS. 737 taken out of the pots, trays having a bottom composed of strips of wood, with spaces in between, should be used, and these must be placed on blocks, so as to admit the free passage of air. All the bulbs are propagated by offsets, which method is- described in the Chapter "On Plant Propagation." All that is necessary is to save these, and grow them on; many may also be raised from seed. The tuberous-rooted plants are propagated by division or by cuttings. Achimenes are tuberous-ro Stock Photo

RMRDXEYF–. The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. Gardening; Horticulture. ON GREENHOUSE PLANTS. 737 taken out of the pots, trays having a bottom composed of strips of wood, with spaces in between, should be used, and these must be placed on blocks, so as to admit the free passage of air. All the bulbs are propagated by offsets, which method is- described in the Chapter "On Plant Propagation." All that is necessary is to save these, and grow them on; many may also be raised from seed. The tuberous-rooted plants are propagated by division or by cuttings. Achimenes are tuberous-ro

. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 226 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS stems in soil, sand, or water where they develop roots and become as self-supporting as the parent plant. Such detached portions are known as cuttings and consist of a small portion of a stem, as Figure 207 illustrates, or only of a leaf, as in the propagation of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Martin, John N. (John Stock Photo

RMPG42HH–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 226 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS stems in soil, sand, or water where they develop roots and become as self-supporting as the parent plant. Such detached portions are known as cuttings and consist of a small portion of a stem, as Figure 207 illustrates, or only of a leaf, as in the propagation of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Martin, John N. (John

RMRDFB0A–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. XL. CAPRIFOLIA CEiE : SAMBU CUS. 513 open, and fully exposed to the light and air. The plant roots so readily from cuttings and truncheons, that, where the soil is tolerably moist, a plantation or a hedge may be made at once, by the use of the latter, instead of employ- ing rooted plants

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CUTTACili 99 were kept from wilting in the driest wcatlier. It was also found that syringing the burlap with water increased the cooling effect, and that comparatively little attention was necessary in watering. 141. Rooting cuttings in dry climates—Because the relative hu- midity in dry climates is low, as in parts of the Pacific Coast states, special methods are necessary to make cuttings of certain plants (roses, for instance,) take root. Florists have had good success with the following method: Hotbeds with 18 inche Stock Photo

RMPG220X–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CUTTACili 99 were kept from wilting in the driest wcatlier. It was also found that syringing the burlap with water increased the cooling effect, and that comparatively little attention was necessary in watering. 141. Rooting cuttings in dry climates—Because the relative hu- midity in dry climates is low, as in parts of the Pacific Coast states, special methods are necessary to make cuttings of certain plants (roses, for instance,) take root. Florists have had good success with the following method: Hotbeds with 18 inche

. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. be greater. Seeds produce new varlfties, and th<y aro used only in an experimental way. The commercial propagation of Grapes is done by means of hardwood cuttings. These cuttings are taken in the winter from the trimmings of vineyards. In all ordinary cases they are made of two or three buds' length, prefera Stock Photo

RMRE2CK7–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. be greater. Seeds produce new varlfties, and th<y aro used only in an experimental way. The commercial propagation of Grapes is done by means of hardwood cuttings. These cuttings are taken in the winter from the trimmings of vineyards. In all ordinary cases they are made of two or three buds' length, prefera

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. LAYERING-RACKS. 43 this way stronger and more shapely plants may be ob- tained. As a general statement, it may be said that all bush-like or vine-like plants which do not strike readily from cuttings, nor produce seeds freely, or of which the seeds are very slow to germinate, are usually multiplied by lay era ge.. 4S. Kier^s circular layerinsc-rack. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appea Stock Photo

RMPG264K–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. LAYERING-RACKS. 43 this way stronger and more shapely plants may be ob- tained. As a general statement, it may be said that all bush-like or vine-like plants which do not strike readily from cuttings, nor produce seeds freely, or of which the seeds are very slow to germinate, are usually multiplied by lay era ge.. 4S. Kier^s circular layerinsc-rack. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appea

. Amateur fruit growing. A practical guide to the growing of fruit for home use and the market. Written with special reference to colder climates. Fruit-culture. S8 CURRANTS AUD gooseberries. Propagation.âThe currant does not come true from seed. The named varieties are grown from layers, cuttings, or divisions. Seedlings are easily raised if treated the same as recommend- ed for raspberry seedlings, but rather more care must be taken with Its seed than with that of the raspberry as it germinates very quickly in the spring, and if moved after growth has started u often fails to grow. On, this Stock Photo

RMRDT5RM–. Amateur fruit growing. A practical guide to the growing of fruit for home use and the market. Written with special reference to colder climates. Fruit-culture. S8 CURRANTS AUD gooseberries. Propagation.âThe currant does not come true from seed. The named varieties are grown from layers, cuttings, or divisions. Seedlings are easily raised if treated the same as recommend- ed for raspberry seedlings, but rather more care must be taken with Its seed than with that of the raspberry as it germinates very quickly in the spring, and if moved after growth has started u often fails to grow. On, this

. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. PLUMS. 539 the fruit; the facility, however, with which this plum may be propagated from cuttings, and the readiness with which union takes place in grafting upon it, have made it a most common stock. It is supposed to be a variety of the European Prunus cerasifera. Originated in Texas. Fig. 748. Meigs. Large, roundish-oval, suture indistinct; dull reddish-pur- ple, with numerous gray dots; stalk long, slender, curved, slightly sunk; flesh greenish-ye Stock Photo

RMPFW1JJ–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. PLUMS. 539 the fruit; the facility, however, with which this plum may be propagated from cuttings, and the readiness with which union takes place in grafting upon it, have made it a most common stock. It is supposed to be a variety of the European Prunus cerasifera. Originated in Texas. Fig. 748. Meigs. Large, roundish-oval, suture indistinct; dull reddish-pur- ple, with numerous gray dots; stalk long, slender, curved, slightly sunk; flesh greenish-ye

. College botany; structure, physiology and economics of plants. Botany. PLANT REPRODUCTION 103 partly covered with soil,and grow. Some few plants, such, as the Bryophyllumfh, produce buds and new plants from the margins of the leaves, but this method is comparatively rare. Many of the principles of plant propagation as practiced by the horticulturists are baaed on the above facts concerning plant. Fig. 75.—Self-pruned twigs of the poplar showing the cleavage planes. gi'owth. Many herbaceous plants, such as geraniums, begonias and carnations, are grown almost entirely from cuttings. Grafting.— Stock Photo

RMRE1NX1–. College botany; structure, physiology and economics of plants. Botany. PLANT REPRODUCTION 103 partly covered with soil,and grow. Some few plants, such, as the Bryophyllumfh, produce buds and new plants from the margins of the leaves, but this method is comparatively rare. Many of the principles of plant propagation as practiced by the horticulturists are baaed on the above facts concerning plant. Fig. 75.—Self-pruned twigs of the poplar showing the cleavage planes. gi'owth. Many herbaceous plants, such as geraniums, begonias and carnations, are grown almost entirely from cuttings. Grafting.—

. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. LAYERiNG-RACkS. 43 this way stronger and more shapely plants may be ob- tained. As a general statement, it may be said that all bush-like or vine-like plants which do not strike readily from cuttings, nor produce seeds freely, or of which the seeds are very slow to germinate, are usually multiplied by layerage.. 42, Kier^s circular layerin^-rack.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these Stock Photo

RMPG25Y8–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. LAYERiNG-RACkS. 43 this way stronger and more shapely plants may be ob- tained. As a general statement, it may be said that all bush-like or vine-like plants which do not strike readily from cuttings, nor produce seeds freely, or of which the seeds are very slow to germinate, are usually multiplied by layerage.. 42, Kier^s circular layerin^-rack.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these

. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. 4S CASSELL'S POPTJLAK GARDENING. Propagation by Cuttings.—Practically this is but seldom resorted to. It is so much easier to raise stocks from seeds and then graft the supe- rior sorts on the seedlings, that the raising of Pears from cuttings has heen rather neglected. It is however, practicable with the majority of sorts, and of the usefulness and fertility of own-root Pear- trees there can be no doubt. There are two seasons when Pear-cuttings may be inserted with fair hopes of success. One is the dead season, say from October to the end of December, Stock Photo

RMRDR38A–. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. 4S CASSELL'S POPTJLAK GARDENING. Propagation by Cuttings.—Practically this is but seldom resorted to. It is so much easier to raise stocks from seeds and then graft the supe- rior sorts on the seedlings, that the raising of Pears from cuttings has heen rather neglected. It is however, practicable with the majority of sorts, and of the usefulness and fertility of own-root Pear- trees there can be no doubt. There are two seasons when Pear-cuttings may be inserted with fair hopes of success. One is the dead season, say from October to the end of December,

RMPG4HJY–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. p. occidentAlis. grows more rapidly, attains a larger size, and may be propa- gated much more readily by cuttings. Both species ripen seeds in Britain, in fine seasons. P. oc- cidentalis is readily known from P. ori- entalis, in the winter season, by its bark scaling oft' much less freel

. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 226 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS stems in soil, sand, or water where they develop roots and become as self-supporting as the parent plant. Such detached portions are known as cuttings and consist of a small portion of a stem, as Figure 201 iUustrates, or only of a leaf, as in the propagation of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Martin, John N. ( Stock Photo

RMRDWE4N–. Botany, with agricultural applications. Botany. 226 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS stems in soil, sand, or water where they develop roots and become as self-supporting as the parent plant. Such detached portions are known as cuttings and consist of a small portion of a stem, as Figure 201 iUustrates, or only of a leaf, as in the propagation of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Martin, John N. (

. American pomology : apples . Apples. PROPAGATION. 61 per end of the shoot if this has been placed in contact with the earth. Cuttings will sometimes be set np-side down, when we find the callus upon the smaller end, and roots will be emitted from that portion whence we should have expected to see the branches issue. Upon this fact,' and to multiply the chances of living, has been based the French method, as it is called, or that of inserting both ends of the cuttings. The common mode, (fig. 1), is to. Fig. 1.—^FBEHCH AKD COUMON MODES OF SETTING CUTTINGS. set the cuttings in a slanting direct Stock Photo

RMPG44AX–. American pomology : apples . Apples. PROPAGATION. 61 per end of the shoot if this has been placed in contact with the earth. Cuttings will sometimes be set np-side down, when we find the callus upon the smaller end, and roots will be emitted from that portion whence we should have expected to see the branches issue. Upon this fact,' and to multiply the chances of living, has been based the French method, as it is called, or that of inserting both ends of the cuttings. The common mode, (fig. 1), is to. Fig. 1.—^FBEHCH AKD COUMON MODES OF SETTING CUTTINGS. set the cuttings in a slanting direct

. Principles of plant culture; an elementary treatise designed as a text-book for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture; Botany. Propagation hy Cuttings. 217 close contact with the steins, and no leaves of the cut- tings should be covered. Since roots cannot form with- out oxygen, the bed must not be so freely watered as to exclude all air. Transpiration should be reduced by sheltering the cuttings from the direct rays of the sun. Movable screens used during sunshine only, are prefer- able to whitening the glass, which causes too much shade when the sun is not shining. Dampin Stock Photo

RMRE1EHW–. Principles of plant culture; an elementary treatise designed as a text-book for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture; Botany. Propagation hy Cuttings. 217 close contact with the steins, and no leaves of the cut- tings should be covered. Since roots cannot form with- out oxygen, the bed must not be so freely watered as to exclude all air. Transpiration should be reduced by sheltering the cuttings from the direct rays of the sun. Movable screens used during sunshine only, are prefer- able to whitening the glass, which causes too much shade when the sun is not shining. Dampin

. Culture of the citrus in California . Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. 228 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. Most varieties of the citron have " two rinds," i. e., the outer one, thin, with miliary glands full of verj' fragrant oil; the inner, thick and white, very sweet and agreeable. It is for this inner rind that the citron is valued, and it is used exten- sively in cookery, both in its candied and preserved forms. PROPAGATION.. The propagation of the citron is quite simple, and is multi- plied b}' cuttings, by budding, or grown from the seed. The ,.^^^^fe!Â«9Â» cuttings are planted i Stock Photo

RMPG4F1K–. Culture of the citrus in California . Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. 228 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. Most varieties of the citron have " two rinds," i. e., the outer one, thin, with miliary glands full of verj' fragrant oil; the inner, thick and white, very sweet and agreeable. It is for this inner rind that the citron is valued, and it is used exten- sively in cookery, both in its candied and preserved forms. PROPAGATION.. The propagation of the citron is quite simple, and is multi- plied b}' cuttings, by budding, or grown from the seed. The ,.^^^^fe!Â«9Â» cuttings are planted i

RMRDDYX0–. Fruit-gardening : containing complete practical directions for the selection, propagation and cultivation of all kinds of fruit . Fruit-culture. FRmT-GABDENING. 81 cultivated in tLe garden of the Horticultural Society of London, comprising twelve varieties of red, ten of white, five kinds of black, together with a champagne, mountain, rock, upright, and Pennsylvanian. Any number of varieties of the red and white. Ked Dutch Currants. may be procured from sowing the seed; but they are generally propagated by cuttings of the last year's wood, which should be of sufficient length to form handsom

RMPG4HK2–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. 928 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM.. p. occidentAlis. grows more rapidly, attains a larger size, and may be propa- gated much more readily by cuttings. Both species ripen seeds in Britain, in fine seasons. P. oc- cidentalis is readily known from P. ori- entalis, in the winter season

RMRDD9DB–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 402 THE GRAPE.. It will be observed that while these plants were forming from the layered cane, one, two, or three shoots, according to the strength of the plant, should be trained to a stake for next season's work, the cane having been properly cut back for this purpose. Cuttings in Open Ground.— This is the common method of raising commercial grape-vines at the present time. Much depends on the character of the soil for retaining moisture, and still

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF GROWING WOOD. 65 cactuses, many euphorbias and yuccas. Sections of these spongy trunks will grow, also. Truncheons of cycad trunks may also give rise to plants (see Chapter VI.). Even saw-logs of our common trees, as elm and ash, will sprout while in the "boom," or water. Green-wood cuttings are more commonly employed than those from the mature wood, as they "strike" more quickly, they can be handled under glass in the winter, and more species can be propagated Stock Photo

RMPG25YK–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF GROWING WOOD. 65 cactuses, many euphorbias and yuccas. Sections of these spongy trunks will grow, also. Truncheons of cycad trunks may also give rise to plants (see Chapter VI.). Even saw-logs of our common trees, as elm and ash, will sprout while in the "boom," or water. Green-wood cuttings are more commonly employed than those from the mature wood, as they "strike" more quickly, they can be handled under glass in the winter, and more species can be propagated

RMRE2CKD–. Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geographical and biographical sketches. Gardening. be greater. Seeds produce new varlfties, and th<y aro used only in an experimental way. The commercial propagation of Grapes is done by means of hardwood cuttings. These cuttings are taken in the winter from the trimmings of vineyards. In all ordinary cases they are made of two or three buds' length, prefera

. The fruits and fruit trees of America : or, The culture, propagation and management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees generally, with descriptions of all the finest varieties of fruit, native and foreign, cultivated in this country . Fruit-culture; Fruit. 28 PBOPAGA.TION, as follows : about the last of October, tate cuttings from tba thrifty shoots of a bearing tree, cut out all the buds except two or three at the top, and pare off the bottom of the cutting just below a bud. Lay-in the cuttings in a sheltered border, bury- ing them so that only the two buds at the top are exposed, a Stock Photo

RMPG3Y2P–. The fruits and fruit trees of America : or, The culture, propagation and management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees generally, with descriptions of all the finest varieties of fruit, native and foreign, cultivated in this country . Fruit-culture; Fruit. 28 PBOPAGA.TION, as follows : about the last of October, tate cuttings from tba thrifty shoots of a bearing tree, cut out all the buds except two or three at the top, and pare off the bottom of the cutting just below a bud. Lay-in the cuttings in a sheltered border, bury- ing them so that only the two buds at the top are exposed, a

. Plant culture; a working handbook of every day practice for all who grow flowering and ornamental plants in the garden and greenhouse. Gardening; Greenhouses. CHAPTER II Propagation All plants may be propagated by one or more of the following methods: Seeds, spores, bulbels, budding, grafting, layering, cut- tings of the stems, twigs, leaves and roots, suckers, divisions of the crowns or by stolons or runners. Cuttings. Cuttings are usually made from dormant wood in the cases of shrubs and trees whether they be evergreen or decidu- ous; and in the case of soft-wooded plants the growths most Stock Photo

RMRDX5FX–. Plant culture; a working handbook of every day practice for all who grow flowering and ornamental plants in the garden and greenhouse. Gardening; Greenhouses. CHAPTER II Propagation All plants may be propagated by one or more of the following methods: Seeds, spores, bulbels, budding, grafting, layering, cut- tings of the stems, twigs, leaves and roots, suckers, divisions of the crowns or by stolons or runners. Cuttings. Cuttings are usually made from dormant wood in the cases of shrubs and trees whether they be evergreen or decidu- ous; and in the case of soft-wooded plants the growths most

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. INTRODUCTION l'"or inst.^Ilce, the underground stems of quack grass and bind- weed are capable of producing a new plant from every joint, as every farmer and gardener knows to his sorrow. Again, should it be deemed necessary, the California big tree which at the estimated age of 5,000 years is steadily becoming extinct, thanks largely to human activity, might be given another 5,000-year start by propagat- ing it from its buds by cuttings (Fig. 99). The process might again be repeated 50 centuries later and so on wi Stock Photo

RMPG3MYF–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. INTRODUCTION l'"or inst.^Ilce, the underground stems of quack grass and bind- weed are capable of producing a new plant from every joint, as every farmer and gardener knows to his sorrow. Again, should it be deemed necessary, the California big tree which at the estimated age of 5,000 years is steadily becoming extinct, thanks largely to human activity, might be given another 5,000-year start by propagat- ing it from its buds by cuttings (Fig. 99). The process might again be repeated 50 centuries later and so on wi

. Florists' review [microform]. Floriculture. June 28, 1917. The Florists^ Review 15 . METHODS OF PROPAGATION. (Extracts from a paper read by T. I). Hatfield, of Wellesley, Mass., at a meeting of tbe Massa- chusetts Horticultural Society.] The propagation of plants may be divided into the following classes: By cuttings; by layers; by grafts; by divi- sion, and by seeds and spores. In the use of cuttings, the first thing necessary is a propagating bed and the means to care for freshly rooted plants. If you have no house for the purpose, close in a part of a bench with glazed sash or with cotton Stock Photo

RMRRMGRD–. Florists' review [microform]. Floriculture. June 28, 1917. The Florists^ Review 15 . METHODS OF PROPAGATION. (Extracts from a paper read by T. I). Hatfield, of Wellesley, Mass., at a meeting of tbe Massa- chusetts Horticultural Society.] The propagation of plants may be divided into the following classes: By cuttings; by layers; by grafts; by divi- sion, and by seeds and spores. In the use of cuttings, the first thing necessary is a propagating bed and the means to care for freshly rooted plants. If you have no house for the purpose, close in a part of a bench with glazed sash or with cotton

. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF RIPENING WOOD. 69 such spireas as 6". craUcgifoIia, S. rolundifolia var. alba, and S. Catitoncnsis { 6'. Rccvcsii of the trade), var. rohusla. Tlie reader must not su[)pose, however, that all rose cuttings are made after the fashion of Fig. 74, althougli that is a popular style. Tea roses, and other forced kinds, are very largely propagated from softer wood cut to a single eye, with most or all of the leaf left on (Fig. 76). These firm-wood cuttings, about two inches long, are often made Stock Photo

RMPG25P1–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF RIPENING WOOD. 69 such spireas as 6". craUcgifoIia, S. rolundifolia var. alba, and S. Catitoncnsis { 6'. Rccvcsii of the trade), var. rohusla. Tlie reader must not su[)pose, however, that all rose cuttings are made after the fashion of Fig. 74, althougli that is a popular style. Tea roses, and other forced kinds, are very largely propagated from softer wood cut to a single eye, with most or all of the leaf left on (Fig. 76). These firm-wood cuttings, about two inches long, are often made

. Successful fruit culture; a practical guide to the cultivation and propagation of fruits. Fruit-culture. PROPAGATION OP TKBES AND PLANTS 197 growth, and thus cause a more perfect union of the bud with the stock. After the stock is cut off in the spring, the bud grows very rapidly, and the trees are often large enough for transplanting to the orchard at one year from the bud. PROPAGATION OF THE QUINCE The quince is propagated by cuttings, by layers, by stools and by root grafts, but as the two former methods are rather diflQcult, the last two are the ones most used. Boot Graft—For this purpos Stock Photo

RMRDR5NY–. Successful fruit culture; a practical guide to the cultivation and propagation of fruits. Fruit-culture. PROPAGATION OP TKBES AND PLANTS 197 growth, and thus cause a more perfect union of the bud with the stock. After the stock is cut off in the spring, the bud grows very rapidly, and the trees are often large enough for transplanting to the orchard at one year from the bud. PROPAGATION OF THE QUINCE The quince is propagated by cuttings, by layers, by stools and by root grafts, but as the two former methods are rather diflQcult, the last two are the ones most used. Boot Graft—For this purpos

RMPG2E9C–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. 39*2. C. spitibsa. clay upon the tops of the walls, in order that its spines may prevent persons from getting over them. {Pall. Fl. Ross.) Height 3 ft. to i ft. In- troduced in 1755. Flowers yellow; April and May. Legume brown ; ripe in August. Seeds, cuttings, or grafting. Standard high

. The principles of plant culture; a text for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Gardening; Botany. THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS 199 plants, as the willow, grape and currant, are readily propagated from cuttings out of doors. Some struc- ture, therefore, that may confine warmth radiated from the earth or artificially generated, or that may when necessary shut out a part of the solar heat, is always of- great assistance in propagating plants from cuttings, and in many species is essential to success. Since light is necessary to food preparation (58), such a structure must be roofed with gl Stock Photo

RMRE3N7C–. The principles of plant culture; a text for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Gardening; Botany. THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS 199 plants, as the willow, grape and currant, are readily propagated from cuttings out of doors. Some struc- ture, therefore, that may confine warmth radiated from the earth or artificially generated, or that may when necessary shut out a part of the solar heat, is always of- great assistance in propagating plants from cuttings, and in many species is essential to success. Since light is necessary to food preparation (58), such a structure must be roofed with gl

$. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. y8. Begonia leaf cutting (xj^). Spirtza Cantonensis {^S. Reevesii of the catalogues), and S. Van Houttei, the roses and the like. Stock plants of the soft species, like coleus, lantanas and geraniums, are obtained in like manner. Leaf Cuttings. —Many thick and heavy leaves may be used as cuttings. Leaf cuttings are most commonly em- ployed in the showy-leaved begonias, in succulents, and in gloxinias, but many plants can be propagated by them. Even the cabbage can be made to grow from leaf cu Stock Photo$

RMPG25WR–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. y8. Begonia leaf cutting (xj^). Spirtza Cantonensis {^S. Reevesii of the catalogues), and S. Van Houttei, the roses and the like. Stock plants of the soft species, like coleus, lantanas and geraniums, are obtained in like manner. Leaf Cuttings. —Many thick and heavy leaves may be used as cuttings. Leaf cuttings are most commonly em- ployed in the showy-leaved begonias, in succulents, and in gloxinias, but many plants can be propagated by them. Even the cabbage can be made to grow from leaf cu

RMRDA8F4–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. LAYERING-RACKS. 43 this way stronger and more shapely plants may be ob- tained. As a general statement, it may be said that all bush-like or vine-like plants which do not strike readily from cuttings, nor produce seeds freely, or of which the seeds are very slow to germinate, are usually multiplied by lay era ge.. 4S. Kier^s circular layerinsc-rack. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appea

RMPG45PM–. Principles of plant culture : an elementary treatise designed as a text-book for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture; Botany. Propagation by Cuttings. 193 streams or lakes may generally be safely used without wash- ing, but that dug from sandpits should in most cases be ex- posed to the air for a few weeks, and theii be thoroughly washed before being employed for cuttings. The same sand should be used for but one lot of cuttings as a rule, for it is liable to become infested with fungi that may work havoc in the cuttings placed in the propagating bed (368). 369, Methods o

. The fruits and fruit trees of America;. Fruit-culture; Fruit. CtTTTIN&S. 27 plants, to retain a considerable portion of the stem with the bud, to supply it with food until it has formed roots to draw nouri«h- ment from the soil. All fruit trees may be propagated by cuttings with proper care and attention, but only a few grow with sufficient facility in this way to render their propagation by cuttings a common mode. These are the Gooseberry, the Currant, the Vine, the Quince, the Fig, and the Mulberry. Cuttings of the Currant, Gooseberry, and the hardy sorts oi Vine, will root readily, in Stock Photo

RMRR1XNR–. The fruits and fruit trees of America;. Fruit-culture; Fruit. CtTTTIN&S. 27 plants, to retain a considerable portion of the stem with the bud, to supply it with food until it has formed roots to draw nouri«h- ment from the soil. All fruit trees may be propagated by cuttings with proper care and attention, but only a few grow with sufficient facility in this way to render their propagation by cuttings a common mode. These are the Gooseberry, the Currant, the Vine, the Quince, the Fig, and the Mulberry. Cuttings of the Currant, Gooseberry, and the hardy sorts oi Vine, will root readily, in

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. I'LAN'l' I'KOI'ACA'IION. FIG. 88—PROPAGATION BY MEANS OF CUTTINGS 1. Cutting bench with miscellaneous stock. 2, sansevieria cuttings in foreground, I Libber plant in middle distance. 3. Dracaena cuttinjjs grown from canes laid Rubber plants ready to pot from the bench. ( n cutting bench. 4.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Kains, M. G Stock Photo

RMPG3W5D–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. I'LAN'l' I'KOI'ACA'IION. FIG. 88—PROPAGATION BY MEANS OF CUTTINGS 1. Cutting bench with miscellaneous stock. 2, sansevieria cuttings in foreground, I Libber plant in middle distance. 3. Dracaena cuttinjjs grown from canes laid Rubber plants ready to pot from the bench. ( n cutting bench. 4.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Kains, M. G

. Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation; a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. Aquariums; Goldfish. FIG. 119. Cylindric-fruited Ludwiga, hadiuigia glandulosa. Reduced one-third. FIG. 120. Mulertt's Ludwigia, Lud'wigia mulerttii. Reduced one tliird. brilliant coloring more permanent. The flowers are yellow. This plant has become widely distributed among growers of aquatic plants and is highly prized for its fine appearance and graceful habit in the aquarium. It is easily propagated from cuttings. Ludwigia alternifolia (Linn. Stock Photo

RMRDYXJ4–. Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation; a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. Aquariums; Goldfish. FIG. 119. Cylindric-fruited Ludwiga, hadiuigia glandulosa. Reduced one-third. FIG. 120. Mulertt's Ludwigia, Lud'wigia mulerttii. Reduced one tliird. brilliant coloring more permanent. The flowers are yellow. This plant has become widely distributed among growers of aquatic plants and is highly prized for its fine appearance and graceful habit in the aquarium. It is easily propagated from cuttings. Ludwigia alternifolia (Linn.

RMPG1N2J–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. LIX. LAURA-CEjE : xau'rus. 683 generally increased from seeds, and the varieties only raised from layers or cuttings. t 2. L. caroline'nsis Catesb. The Carolina Laurel, or Red Bay. Identification. Catesb. Car., 1. p. 63.; Pursh Sept., 1. p. 276.; Spreng. Syst., 2. p. 665. Synonymes. L. B

RMRDC05P–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CUTTACili 99 were kept from wilting in the driest wcatlier. It was also found that syringing the burlap with water increased the cooling effect, and that comparatively little attention was necessary in watering. 141. Rooting cuttings in dry climates—Because the relative hu- midity in dry climates is low, as in parts of the Pacific Coast states, special methods are necessary to make cuttings of certain plants (roses, for instance,) take root. Florists have had good success with the following method: Hotbeds with 18 inche

. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 24 PROPAGATION. I. Cuttings. When a ligature is bound closely round a branch, the ob- struction which it imposes to the descending juices causes an enlargement or swollen ring above the ligature, as in Fig. 19. The same result is produced if a small ring of bark is cut out, as in Fig. 20. If a shoot is taken from the tree before the leaves expand, and plunged into moist earth till it commences growth, the elaborated materials build up at the lower ex- Stock Photo

RMPG0A01–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. 24 PROPAGATION. I. Cuttings. When a ligature is bound closely round a branch, the ob- struction which it imposes to the descending juices causes an enlargement or swollen ring above the ligature, as in Fig. 19. The same result is produced if a small ring of bark is cut out, as in Fig. 20. If a shoot is taken from the tree before the leaves expand, and plunged into moist earth till it commences growth, the elaborated materials build up at the lower ex-

. Introduction to botany. Botany. 90 INTEODUCTION TO BOTANY though it is better not to cut the potato into too small pieces for propagation, or the plants will grow slowly at first. Why are potatoes almost always grown from the tuber rather than from seed ? Why are plants of the Lily family grown from bulbs ? 86. Stolons, runners, and cuttings. Some plants, as the black raspberry (fig. 72), are naturally propagated by recurved branches which root wherever they touch the earth. Such rooting branches are called stolons. An artificial modification of this process (called layering'), sometimes mad Stock Photo

RMRE3AET–. Introduction to botany. Botany. 90 INTEODUCTION TO BOTANY though it is better not to cut the potato into too small pieces for propagation, or the plants will grow slowly at first. Why are potatoes almost always grown from the tuber rather than from seed ? Why are plants of the Lily family grown from bulbs ? 86. Stolons, runners, and cuttings. Some plants, as the black raspberry (fig. 72), are naturally propagated by recurved branches which root wherever they touch the earth. Such rooting branches are called stolons. An artificial modification of this process (called layering'), sometimes mad

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 52 CUTTAGE. torn of the pot, so that it stands in the moss and almost touches the saucer. Keep the moss moist. Some kind of protection, commonly combined with bot- tom heat, is always given cuttings made from the soft and growing parts. In indoor work, any of the devices named above may be employed, but a box like that shown in Fig. 46 is one of the most useful for common operations. Or. S8. Cutting-bench shaded with lath. the greenhouse itself may afford sufficient protection, espe- cially i Stock Photo

RMPG2613–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 52 CUTTAGE. torn of the pot, so that it stands in the moss and almost touches the saucer. Keep the moss moist. Some kind of protection, commonly combined with bot- tom heat, is always given cuttings made from the soft and growing parts. In indoor work, any of the devices named above may be employed, but a box like that shown in Fig. 46 is one of the most useful for common operations. Or. S8. Cutting-bench shaded with lath. the greenhouse itself may afford sufficient protection, espe- cially i

RMRDE7W9–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. p. occidentAlis. grows more rapidly, attains a larger size, and may be propa- gated much more readily by cuttings. Both species ripen seeds in Britain, in fine seasons. P. oc- cidentalis is readily known from P. ori- entalis, in the winter season, by its bark scaling oft' much less freel

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. 126 r LA N T I'ROPAGATION 187. Bedding green wood cuttings.—Since green wood cuttings are usually more easily injured than are those of mature wood, they are handled more carefully. When large quantities of one kind of plant are made the usual practice is to drop them as finished into water to pre- vent wilting. The propagating bed is prepared by level- ing ofif and soaking the sand. Then a narrow board or "straight edge" is placed across the bed from aisle to. FIG. 112—BUDDING NURSERY STOCK Notice the tiiiiig Stock Photo

RMPG3GRJ–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. 126 r LA N T I'ROPAGATION 187. Bedding green wood cuttings.—Since green wood cuttings are usually more easily injured than are those of mature wood, they are handled more carefully. When large quantities of one kind of plant are made the usual practice is to drop them as finished into water to pre- vent wilting. The propagating bed is prepared by level- ing ofif and soaking the sand. Then a narrow board or "straight edge" is placed across the bed from aisle to. FIG. 112—BUDDING NURSERY STOCK Notice the tiiiiig

. Farm horticulture, prepared especially for those interested in either home or commercial horticulture. Vegetable gardening; Fruit-culture. PROPAGATION 2S7 Propagation.—The citrus fruits are usually propagated by budding. Although a few varieties can be grown with some success by grafting, cutting and layering these methods are not to be generally recommended. Occasionally the lemon can be gro"WTi from cuttings, but the trees are rarely ever successful. The orange cutting can rarely ever be made to take root, and this method of propagation should not be considered.. Fig. 121.—Making a ne Stock Photo

RMRDWRJ3–. Farm horticulture, prepared especially for those interested in either home or commercial horticulture. Vegetable gardening; Fruit-culture. PROPAGATION 2S7 Propagation.—The citrus fruits are usually propagated by budding. Although a few varieties can be grown with some success by grafting, cutting and layering these methods are not to be generally recommended. Occasionally the lemon can be gro"WTi from cuttings, but the trees are rarely ever successful. The orange cutting can rarely ever be made to take root, and this method of propagation should not be considered.. Fig. 121.—Making a ne

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF RIPENING WOOD. 6g such spireas as .S. crata:gifolia, S. rotundifolia var. alba, and .S. Cantonensis ( S. Reevesii of the trade), var. robusta. The reader must not suppose, however, that all rose cuttings are made after the fashion of Fig. 74, although that is a popular style. Tea roses, and other forced kinds, are very largely propagated from softer wood cut to a single eye, with most or all of the leaf left on (Fig. 76). These firm-wood cuttings, about two inches long, are often Stock Photo

RMPG25XA–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF RIPENING WOOD. 6g such spireas as .S. crata:gifolia, S. rotundifolia var. alba, and .S. Cantonensis ( S. Reevesii of the trade), var. robusta. The reader must not suppose, however, that all rose cuttings are made after the fashion of Fig. 74, although that is a popular style. Tea roses, and other forced kinds, are very largely propagated from softer wood cut to a single eye, with most or all of the leaf left on (Fig. 76). These firm-wood cuttings, about two inches long, are often

. The principles of plant culture; a text for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Gardening; Botany. THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS 191 couraged by covering the brahch with soil. When well rooted, the young plants may be separated from the parent by cutting the stolons. Woody plants grown from stolons are seldom uniform in size and are not often so well rooted as those grown from cuttings (358). Some herbaceous plants are, how- ever, more readily propagated by stolons than by any other means. The offset by which the houseleek (Sempervivum) is so readily propa- gated, is a very short stolon t Stock Photo

RMRE3N8R–. The principles of plant culture; a text for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Gardening; Botany. THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS 191 couraged by covering the brahch with soil. When well rooted, the young plants may be separated from the parent by cutting the stolons. Woody plants grown from stolons are seldom uniform in size and are not often so well rooted as those grown from cuttings (358). Some herbaceous plants are, how- ever, more readily propagated by stolons than by any other means. The offset by which the houseleek (Sempervivum) is so readily propa- gated, is a very short stolon t

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 56 CUTTAGE. upon the lower end, and it is commonly supposed that this process must be well progressed before roots can form. But roots do not arise from the callus itself, but from the internal tissue, and in many plants they appear to bear no relation to the callus in position. In willows, for instance, roots arise from the bark at some distance from the callus. Yet, as a matter of practice, best results are obtained from cal- lused cuttings, particu- larly if the cuttings are made from matu Stock Photo

RMPG260R–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 56 CUTTAGE. upon the lower end, and it is commonly supposed that this process must be well progressed before roots can form. But roots do not arise from the callus itself, but from the internal tissue, and in many plants they appear to bear no relation to the callus in position. In willows, for instance, roots arise from the bark at some distance from the callus. Yet, as a matter of practice, best results are obtained from cal- lused cuttings, particu- larly if the cuttings are made from matu

. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. 140 CASSELL'S POPTJLAK GARDENING-. â times destroyed during very severe ones.' Its uses â¢are too well known to require reference herein. The quickest and best mode of propagation consists of striking cuttings of the young growing shoots -during the month of May. The plants resulting from these are more quickly grown and robust than when slips or more matured side-shoots are tomaway from the plants and dibbled into the ground, which is a convenient method where pots and glass cos'er- iugs do not exist. The cuttings should be about four joints in length Stock Photo

RMRDR3EM–. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. 140 CASSELL'S POPTJLAK GARDENING-. â times destroyed during very severe ones.' Its uses â¢are too well known to require reference herein. The quickest and best mode of propagation consists of striking cuttings of the young growing shoots -during the month of May. The plants resulting from these are more quickly grown and robust than when slips or more matured side-shoots are tomaway from the plants and dibbled into the ground, which is a convenient method where pots and glass cos'er- iugs do not exist. The cuttings should be about four joints in length

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CLASSES OF CUTTINGS 123 and watered. Rooting is rather slow, a month or more often being necessary. Good plants may thus be grown, plants which after wintering in cold frames, may be set in the open the following spring. This is a quick method of increasing stock, since more or less cuttings of green wood may be made from the plants in the latter part of the season and grown indoors during the winter. 181. Transplanting outdoor grown cuttings should occur at the close of the growing season, if there is time between the Stock Photo

RMPG3GX7–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CLASSES OF CUTTINGS 123 and watered. Rooting is rather slow, a month or more often being necessary. Good plants may thus be grown, plants which after wintering in cold frames, may be set in the open the following spring. This is a quick method of increasing stock, since more or less cuttings of green wood may be made from the plants in the latter part of the season and grown indoors during the winter. 181. Transplanting outdoor grown cuttings should occur at the close of the growing season, if there is time between the

. Indoor gardening. House plants. VIII. PLANT PROPAGATION. OST plants adapted to cultivation in the house are propagated by cut- tings, by division of the root, or by seed. Comparatively few, however, are grown as seedlings, as plants from seed can not be depended on to "come true," to use a gar- dener's term—in other words, to reproduce all the peculiarities of the parent plant. Probably nine plants out of ten are grown from cuttings. Nearly all plants adapt them- selves to this method of propagation. There are many complaints of failure in rooting cuttings. These failures are nearl Stock Photo

RMRDRB7Y–. Indoor gardening. House plants. VIII. PLANT PROPAGATION. OST plants adapted to cultivation in the house are propagated by cut- tings, by division of the root, or by seed. Comparatively few, however, are grown as seedlings, as plants from seed can not be depended on to "come true," to use a gar- dener's term—in other words, to reproduce all the peculiarities of the parent plant. Probably nine plants out of ten are grown from cuttings. Nearly all plants adapt them- selves to this method of propagation. There are many complaints of failure in rooting cuttings. These failures are nearl

. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. 52 CUTTAGE. torn of the pot, so that it stands in the moss and almost touches the saucer. Keep the moss moist. Some kind of protection, commonly combined with bot- tom heat, is always given cuttings made from the soft and growing parts. In indoor work, any of the devices named above may be employed, but a box like that shown in Fig. 46 is one of the most useful for common operations. Or. jtir. Cuttini^'b':nch shaded with lath. the greenhouse itself may afford sufficient protection, espe- cially if the cu Stock Photo

RMPG25T6–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. 52 CUTTAGE. torn of the pot, so that it stands in the moss and almost touches the saucer. Keep the moss moist. Some kind of protection, commonly combined with bot- tom heat, is always given cuttings made from the soft and growing parts. In indoor work, any of the devices named above may be employed, but a box like that shown in Fig. 46 is one of the most useful for common operations. Or. jtir. Cuttini^'b':nch shaded with lath. the greenhouse itself may afford sufficient protection, espe- cially if the cu

RMRDE1FA–. American pomology : apples . Apples. PROPAGATION. 61 per end of the shoot if this has been placed in contact with the earth. Cuttings will sometimes be set np-side down, when we find the callus upon the smaller end, and roots will be emitted from that portion whence we should have expected to see the branches issue. Upon this fact,' and to multiply the chances of living, has been based the French method, as it is called, or that of inserting both ends of the cuttings. The common mode, (fig. 1), is to. Fig. 1.—^FBEHCH AKD COUMON MODES OF SETTING CUTTINGS. set the cuttings in a slanting direct

. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF GROWING WOOD. 65 cactuses, many euphorbias and yuccas. Sections of these spongy trunks will grow, also. Truncheons of rycad trunks may also .give rise to plants (see Chapter VI.). Even saw-logs of our common trees, as elm and ash, wili sprout while in the "boom," or water. Grccn-'vood cuttins:s are more commonly employed than those from the mature wood, as they "strike" more quickly, they can be handled under glass in the winter, and more species can be propagated by them Stock Photo

RMPG25R4–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. CUTTINGS OF GROWING WOOD. 65 cactuses, many euphorbias and yuccas. Sections of these spongy trunks will grow, also. Truncheons of rycad trunks may also .give rise to plants (see Chapter VI.). Even saw-logs of our common trees, as elm and ash, wili sprout while in the "boom," or water. Grccn-'vood cuttins:s are more commonly employed than those from the mature wood, as they "strike" more quickly, they can be handled under glass in the winter, and more species can be propagated by them

RMRDE7WC–. Trees and shrubs : an abridgment of the Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum : containing the hardy trees and schrubs of Britain, native and foreign, scientifically and popularly described : with their propagation, culture and uses and engravings of nearly all the species. Trees; Shrubs; Forests and forestry. 928 ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM.. p. occidentAlis. grows more rapidly, attains a larger size, and may be propa- gated much more readily by cuttings. Both species ripen seeds in Britain, in fine seasons. P. oc- cidentalis is readily known from P. ori- entalis, in the winter season

$. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. jS. Begonia leaf cutting (x^). Spiirra Cantonensis, {S. Rcci'csii of tlie catalogues), and JJ. Win Hoiitlci, the roses and the like. Stock plants of the soft species, like coleus, lantanas and geraniums, are obtained in like manner. Leaf Cuttings. —]'Iany thick and lieavy leaves may be used as cuttings. Leaf cuttings are most commonly em- ployed in the showy-leaved begonias, in succulents, and in gloxinias, but many plants can be propagated by them. Even the cabbage can be made to grow from leaf cutting Stock Photo$

RMPG0NK0–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. jS. Begonia leaf cutting (x^). Spiirra Cantonensis, {S. Rcci'csii of tlie catalogues), and JJ. Win Hoiitlci, the roses and the like. Stock plants of the soft species, like coleus, lantanas and geraniums, are obtained in like manner. Leaf Cuttings. —]'Iany thick and lieavy leaves may be used as cuttings. Leaf cuttings are most commonly em- ployed in the showy-leaved begonias, in succulents, and in gloxinias, but many plants can be propagated by them. Even the cabbage can be made to grow from leaf cutting

. Culture of the citrus in California. Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. 232 STATE BOARD OP" HORTICULTURE. Most varieties of the citron have " two rinds," i. c, the outer one, thin, with miliary glands full of very fragrant oil; the inner, thick and white, very sweet and agreeable. It is for this inner rind that the citron is valued, and it is used exten- sively in cookery, both in its candied and preserved forms.. PROPAGATION. The propagation of the citron is quite simple, and is multi- plied by cuttings, by budding, or grown from the seed. The ^"fT-i^^te^ i*j^ fourteen inch Stock Photo

RMRDMX02–. Culture of the citrus in California. Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. 232 STATE BOARD OP" HORTICULTURE. Most varieties of the citron have " two rinds," i. c, the outer one, thin, with miliary glands full of very fragrant oil; the inner, thick and white, very sweet and agreeable. It is for this inner rind that the citron is valued, and it is used exten- sively in cookery, both in its candied and preserved forms.. PROPAGATION. The propagation of the citron is quite simple, and is multi- plied by cuttings, by budding, or grown from the seed. The ^"fT-i^^te^ i*j^ fourteen inch

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CLASSliS OF CUTTINGS 121 and sprout long before they could be planted in spring. Hence there would be loss. 177. Burying hardwood cuttings bottom end upwards from a few days to a few weeks in spring before setting in the cutting bed takes advantage of heat in the upper layers of soil. It is of particular advantage with cuttings slow to take root; for instance, certain varieties of grapes, such as Norton and Delaware. Usually, for convenience in handling, the cuttings are tied in bundles (Fig. 107) of. FIG. 108—ROOT AND Stock Photo

RMPG3H10–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CLASSliS OF CUTTINGS 121 and sprout long before they could be planted in spring. Hence there would be loss. 177. Burying hardwood cuttings bottom end upwards from a few days to a few weeks in spring before setting in the cutting bed takes advantage of heat in the upper layers of soil. It is of particular advantage with cuttings slow to take root; for instance, certain varieties of grapes, such as Norton and Delaware. Usually, for convenience in handling, the cuttings are tied in bundles (Fig. 107) of. FIG. 108—ROOT AND

RMRDEWW9–. Culture of the citrus in California . Citrus fruits; Fruit-culture. 228 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. Most varieties of the citron have " two rinds," i. e., the outer one, thin, with miliary glands full of verj' fragrant oil; the inner, thick and white, very sweet and agreeable. It is for this inner rind that the citron is valued, and it is used exten- sively in cookery, both in its candied and preserved forms. PROPAGATION.. The propagation of the citron is quite simple, and is multi- plied b}' cuttings, by budding, or grown from the seed. The ,.^^^^fe!Â«9Â» cuttings are planted i

. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 228 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS form a perfect union. {Fig. 213.) However, only plants closely related can.be successfully grafted, for in the protoplasms of un- related plants there are factors, probably differences in chemical nature, which prevent the union of the cambiums.. Fig. 209. — Cuttings of Sugar Cane. A, cutting, showing two nodes and a bud at each node. B, cutting, showing a new plant which has developed from a bud at the node. Adapted from N. A. Cobb. When grafting is successful, the cion becomes as closely related to t Stock Photo

RMPG42H1–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 228 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS form a perfect union. {Fig. 213.) However, only plants closely related can.be successfully grafted, for in the protoplasms of un- related plants there are factors, probably differences in chemical nature, which prevent the union of the cambiums.. Fig. 209. — Cuttings of Sugar Cane. A, cutting, showing two nodes and a bud at each node. B, cutting, showing a new plant which has developed from a bud at the node. Adapted from N. A. Cobb. When grafting is successful, the cion becomes as closely related to t

RMRDE3J3–. The American fruit culturist, containing directions for the propagation and culture of all fruits adapted to the United States. Fruit-culture. PLUMS. 539 the fruit; the facility, however, with which this plum may be propagated from cuttings, and the readiness with which union takes place in grafting upon it, have made it a most common stock. It is supposed to be a variety of the European Prunus cerasifera. Originated in Texas. Fig. 748. Meigs. Large, roundish-oval, suture indistinct; dull reddish-pur- ple, with numerous gray dots; stalk long, slender, curved, slightly sunk; flesh greenish-ye

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CHAPTER IX. CLASSES OF CUTTINGS 161. Plant parts to use.—Cuttings may be made fruin any plant part that has a primary tissue (meristem). They may be divided into four groups, dependent upon the parts used: 1, Roots; 2, root-stocks and tubers; 3, stems; 4, leaves. As in all other kinds of asexual propa- gation, cuttings reproduce the same variety as the parent plants from which taken, bud variations or "sports" excepted. 162. Root cuttings may be made from true roots of any plant species which naturally produce Stock Photo

RMPG3HKE–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CHAPTER IX. CLASSES OF CUTTINGS 161. Plant parts to use.—Cuttings may be made fruin any plant part that has a primary tissue (meristem). They may be divided into four groups, dependent upon the parts used: 1, Roots; 2, root-stocks and tubers; 3, stems; 4, leaves. As in all other kinds of asexual propa- gation, cuttings reproduce the same variety as the parent plants from which taken, bud variations or "sports" excepted. 162. Root cuttings may be made from true roots of any plant species which naturally produce

RMRDC0E6–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CHAPTER VI PROPAGATION BY BUDS—LAYERAGE 94. Layerage is the rooting of stems while still attached to the parent plant. The rooted pieces are cut oif to form new plants. Many species propagate themselves naturally by various modifications of layerage and many which cannot readily be propagated from cuttings (black raspberry) easily do so by means of layers. Layering is one of the easiest and most popular methods of propa- gation. The parent plant supplies food to the layer until this is capable of caring for itself. In o

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CUTTAGE I07 If to be sent by sea, the further caution is necessary "Keep away from salt water." Plants so packed may be sent half around the Avorld. On arrival, especially if dr}-, they should be soaked, root and top, for a day or two before being planted. If woody plants are badly dried they may be buried in moist earth for a week to a month with fair prospects of reviving. 157. Media used for rooting cuttings have great in- fluence upon the regulation of both moisture and tem- perature, especially the former Stock Photo

RMPG3HTY–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CUTTAGE I07 If to be sent by sea, the further caution is necessary "Keep away from salt water." Plants so packed may be sent half around the Avorld. On arrival, especially if dr}-, they should be soaked, root and top, for a day or two before being planted. If woody plants are badly dried they may be buried in moist earth for a week to a month with fair prospects of reviving. 157. Media used for rooting cuttings have great in- fluence upon the regulation of both moisture and tem- perature, especially the former

RMRDA8B3–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. LAYERiNG-RACkS. 43 this way stronger and more shapely plants may be ob- tained. As a general statement, it may be said that all bush-like or vine-like plants which do not strike readily from cuttings, nor produce seeds freely, or of which the seeds are very slow to germinate, are usually multiplied by layerage.. 42, Kier^s circular layerin^-rack.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these

. Soils and plant life as related to agriculture . Agriculture; Soils; Plants. 134 SOILS AND PLANT LIFE 101. Propagation by some Part of the Plant other than Seed or Spore. — The methods of propagation other than by seeds or spores may be placed in three groups : (1) Plants may be formed while still attached to the parent plant. This may be by (a) runners, (6) tip layers, (c) layers, or (d) suckers. (2) Plants may be formed from portions detached from the parent plant. This includes propagation by (a) bulbs, (b) tubers, and (c) cuttings. (3) Plants may be formed by the union of two plants as b Stock Photo

RMPG1DX8–. Soils and plant life as related to agriculture . Agriculture; Soils; Plants. 134 SOILS AND PLANT LIFE 101. Propagation by some Part of the Plant other than Seed or Spore. — The methods of propagation other than by seeds or spores may be placed in three groups : (1) Plants may be formed while still attached to the parent plant. This may be by (a) runners, (6) tip layers, (c) layers, or (d) suckers. (2) Plants may be formed from portions detached from the parent plant. This includes propagation by (a) bulbs, (b) tubers, and (c) cuttings. (3) Plants may be formed by the union of two plants as b

. The bulb book; or, Bulbous and tuberous plants for the open air, stove, and greenhouse, containing particulars as to descriptions, culture, propagation, etc., of plants from all parts of the world having bulbs, corms, tubers, or rhizomes (orchids excluded). Bulbs (Plants). AEODENDRON THE BULB BOOK AEUl increased by cuttings of the half- ripened shoots, or by layering the ripened stems. The species figured here, A. Ooldieana, is a remarkable native of old Calabar, West Africa. It has a swollen woody root-stock, from which the stems shoot up annually. The large leaves are heart - shaped, and t Stock Photo

RMRDTEE3–. The bulb book; or, Bulbous and tuberous plants for the open air, stove, and greenhouse, containing particulars as to descriptions, culture, propagation, etc., of plants from all parts of the world having bulbs, corms, tubers, or rhizomes (orchids excluded). Bulbs (Plants). AEODENDRON THE BULB BOOK AEUl increased by cuttings of the half- ripened shoots, or by layering the ripened stems. The species figured here, A. Ooldieana, is a remarkable native of old Calabar, West Africa. It has a swollen woody root-stock, from which the stems shoot up annually. The large leaves are heart - shaped, and t

. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 206. — The Irish Potato, showing new plants developing from the eyes. Fig. 207. — Geranium cut- ting, showing the roots devel- oping at the cut end. Begonias and a few other plants having fleshy leaves as shown in Figure 208. Among cultivated herbaceous plants which are propagated by cuttings, the Irish Potato, Geranium, Carnation, and Coleus are familiar examples. In Southern countries the use of cuttings is well illustrated in the propagation of Sugar Cane, as shown in Figures 209 and 210. Other plants of the Grass fam- ily, as Johnson Grass Stock Photo

RMPG42H6–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. Fig. 206. — The Irish Potato, showing new plants developing from the eyes. Fig. 207. — Geranium cut- ting, showing the roots devel- oping at the cut end. Begonias and a few other plants having fleshy leaves as shown in Figure 208. Among cultivated herbaceous plants which are propagated by cuttings, the Irish Potato, Geranium, Carnation, and Coleus are familiar examples. In Southern countries the use of cuttings is well illustrated in the propagation of Sugar Cane, as shown in Figures 209 and 210. Other plants of the Grass fam- ily, as Johnson Grass

RMRDC242–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 226 THE PROPAGATION OF PLANTS BY MEANS OF STEMS stems in soil, sand, or water where they develop roots and become as self-supporting as the parent plant. Such detached portions are known as cuttings and consist of a small portion of a stem, as Figure 207 illustrates, or only of a leaf, as in the propagation of. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Martin, John N. (John

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 62 CUTTAGE. which, however, is not propagated by true root cuttings. Whilst root cuttings perpetuate the variety, they do not always transmit variegations. For example, the variegated. 64, Horse-radish root cuttings (x>£, prickly comfrey does not always come true from root cut- tings. If the top is a graft, of course the root cutting will reproduce the stock, unless the given roots may have started from the cion. Thus the roots of dwarf pears may be either quince from the stock, or pear fr Stock Photo

RMPG2609–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 62 CUTTAGE. which, however, is not propagated by true root cuttings. Whilst root cuttings perpetuate the variety, they do not always transmit variegations. For example, the variegated. 64, Horse-radish root cuttings (x>£, prickly comfrey does not always come true from root cut- tings. If the top is a graft, of course the root cutting will reproduce the stock, unless the given roots may have started from the cion. Thus the roots of dwarf pears may be either quince from the stock, or pear fr

RMRDWMDK–. Principles of plant culture; an elementary treatise designed as a text-book for beginners in agriculture and horticulture. Horticulture; Botany. Propagation by Cuilini/H. 207. tings from the direct rays of the snu. Jlovable screens used during sunshine only, are preferable to whitening the glass, which causes too much shade when the sun is not shining. Damping off, a much-dreaded disease causing cuttings to rot at the surface of the bed, is promoted by excessive heat, over-watering, or insufiacieut lightor air; also by decomposing organic matter in the material of the bed. Affected cuttings

. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. 62 CUTTAGE. which, however, is not propagated by true root cuttings. Whilst root cuttings perpetuate the variety, they do not always transmit variegations. For example, the variegat>-d. 64. Hot-S€-yadis}i root cuttings (.x>2. prickly conifrey does not always come true iVom root cut- tings. If the top is a graft, of course the root cutting will reproduce the stock, unless the given roots may have started from the cion. Thus the roots of dwarf pears may be either quince from the stock, or pear from t Stock Photo

RMPG25RH–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. 62 CUTTAGE. which, however, is not propagated by true root cuttings. Whilst root cuttings perpetuate the variety, they do not always transmit variegations. For example, the variegat>-d. 64. Hot-S€-yadis}i root cuttings (.x>2. prickly conifrey does not always come true iVom root cut- tings. If the top is a graft, of course the root cutting will reproduce the stock, unless the given roots may have started from the cion. Thus the roots of dwarf pears may be either quince from the stock, or pear from t

. Farm horticulture, prepared especially for those interested in either home or commercial horticulture. Vegetable gardening; Fruit-culture. 300 CITRUS FRUITS Propagation.—The citrus fruits are usually propagated by budding. Although a few varieties can be grown with some success by grafting, cutting and layering these methods are not to be generally recommended. Occasionally the lemon can be grown from cuttings, but the trees are rarely ever successful. The orange cutting can rarely ever be made to take root, and this method of propagation should not be considered.. Fig. 123.—Making a new top Stock Photo

RMRE1EWD–. Farm horticulture, prepared especially for those interested in either home or commercial horticulture. Vegetable gardening; Fruit-culture. 300 CITRUS FRUITS Propagation.—The citrus fruits are usually propagated by budding. Although a few varieties can be grown with some success by grafting, cutting and layering these methods are not to be generally recommended. Occasionally the lemon can be grown from cuttings, but the trees are rarely ever successful. The orange cutting can rarely ever be made to take root, and this method of propagation should not be considered.. Fig. 123.—Making a new top

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. FIG. 129—CUTTINGS AND WHIP GRAFT ]. a, straight cuttings; b, c, mallet cuttings; d, heel cutting. These methods are all used for grape propagation. 2, whip or tongue graft; a, stock; b, cion prepared; c, stock and cion fitted properly; d, parts tied together; e, com- pleted by waxing; f, whip graft on root.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original w Stock Photo

RMPG21HH–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. FIG. 129—CUTTINGS AND WHIP GRAFT ]. a, straight cuttings; b, c, mallet cuttings; d, heel cutting. These methods are all used for grape propagation. 2, whip or tongue graft; a, stock; b, cion prepared; c, stock and cion fitted properly; d, parts tied together; e, com- pleted by waxing; f, whip graft on root.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original w

$. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. jS. Begonia leaf cutting (x^). Spiirra Cantonensis, {S. Rcci'csii of tlie catalogues), and JJ. Win Hoiitlci, the roses and the like. Stock plants of the soft species, like coleus, lantanas and geraniums, are obtained in like manner. Leaf Cuttings. —]'Iany thick and lieavy leaves may be used as cuttings. Leaf cuttings are most commonly em- ployed in the showy-leaved begonias, in succulents, and in gloxinias, but many plants can be propagated by them. Even the cabbage can be made to grow from leaf cutting Stock Photo$

RMRDA862–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. jS. Begonia leaf cutting (x^). Spiirra Cantonensis, {S. Rcci'csii of tlie catalogues), and JJ. Win Hoiitlci, the roses and the like. Stock plants of the soft species, like coleus, lantanas and geraniums, are obtained in like manner. Leaf Cuttings. —]'Iany thick and lieavy leaves may be used as cuttings. Leaf cuttings are most commonly em- ployed in the showy-leaved begonias, in succulents, and in gloxinias, but many plants can be propagated by them. Even the cabbage can be made to grow from leaf cutting

. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CLASSES OF CLTTINGS 127 back and a wooden knife or a large label sharpened on one edge thrust obliquely in the sand (Fig. 43) to the required depth beside the board at the back of the bed and drawn toward the aisle, thus making a trench with a vertical and solid sand wall on one side and an oblique rather loose one on the other. The board is then removed, the cuttings placed at proper intervals against the ^•ertical wall and loose sand from the other side pressed against each with the fingers (Fig. 43). After all are in Stock Photo

RMPG3GND–. Plant propagation : greenhouse and nursery practice . Plant propagation. CLASSES OF CLTTINGS 127 back and a wooden knife or a large label sharpened on one edge thrust obliquely in the sand (Fig. 43) to the required depth beside the board at the back of the bed and drawn toward the aisle, thus making a trench with a vertical and solid sand wall on one side and an oblique rather loose one on the other. The board is then removed, the cuttings placed at proper intervals against the ^•ertical wall and loose sand from the other side pressed against each with the fingers (Fig. 43). After all are in

RMRDA88J–. The nursery-book : a complete guide to the multiplication of plants . Plant propagation. 52 CUTTAGE. torn of the pot, so that it stands in the moss and almost touches the saucer. Keep the moss moist. Some kind of protection, commonly combined with bot- tom heat, is always given cuttings made from the soft and growing parts. In indoor work, any of the devices named above may be employed, but a box like that shown in Fig. 46 is one of the most useful for common operations. Or. jtir. Cuttini^'b':nch shaded with lath. the greenhouse itself may afford sufficient protection, espe- cially if the cu

. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 10^^ A modified whip- graft, on a grape stock (x5^). first removed, and from the lower end of this cut another is made inward and upward, in order to form the tongue. The cion is not cut in two when the tongue is made, as is the stock, but it extends below and also takes root. Cion and stock are then united, as shown in Fig. 107, care being take to have the cambium layers in contact on one side. When cuttings or parts of equal dia- meters are grafted by the tongue-graft, the layers on both si Stock Photo

RMPG25PG–. The nursery-book; a complete guide to the multiplication of plants ... Gardening; Plant propagation. 10^^ A modified whip- graft, on a grape stock (x5^). first removed, and from the lower end of this cut another is made inward and upward, in order to form the tongue. The cion is not cut in two when the tongue is made, as is the stock, but it extends below and also takes root. Cion and stock are then united, as shown in Fig. 107, care being take to have the cambium layers in contact on one side. When cuttings or parts of equal dia- meters are grafted by the tongue-graft, the layers on both si

Propagation from cuttings Black & White Stock Photos

Propagation from cuttings Black & White Stock Photos

Download Confirmation

Password Confirmation

Search Results for Propagation from cuttings Black & White Stock Photos and Images (167)

Filter by agency collections

Search builder

Get great features with your free account

Get inspired for your next project!