Stay bolts hi-res stock photography and images

Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a... 518714 Stock Photo

RMDHDNJN–Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a... 518714

View of an Antique Steam Locomotive Being Repaired by Replacing Stay Bolts Stock Photo

RF2WHJ80K–View of an Antique Steam Locomotive Being Repaired by Replacing Stay Bolts

Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler Stock Photo

RMEDRP86–Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler

Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a modern locomotive. Stock Photo

RMW651J7–Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a modern locomotive.

View of an Antique Steam Locomotive Being Repaired by Replacing Stay Bolts in an Engine Repair Shop Stock Photo

RF2R91X3T–View of an Antique Steam Locomotive Being Repaired by Replacing Stay Bolts in an Engine Repair Shop

Locomotive appliances . Fig. 7. Little Giant Stay Bolt Nipper—The stay bolt may be cut off at any length desired, as the bolt passes through the cylinder. Will cut stay bolts up to H inches in diameter. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 473. Flo. 8. Pneumatic Drill. (Weight, Various Sizes, from 13 to 40 Pounds.) 474 LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. Stock Photo

RM2AWDR86–Locomotive appliances . Fig. 7. Little Giant Stay Bolt Nipper—The stay bolt may be cut off at any length desired, as the bolt passes through the cylinder. Will cut stay bolts up to H inches in diameter. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 473. Flo. 8. Pneumatic Drill. (Weight, Various Sizes, from 13 to 40 Pounds.) 474 LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES.

Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a reimagined Stock Photo

RFRARB1B–Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a reimagined

Abstract black and white image of a bolted flange on a large sailing vessel Stock Photo

RMEA51G6–Abstract black and white image of a bolted flange on a large sailing vessel

Waiting cartoon bolts closeup on the car Stock Vector

RFR3B7BX–Waiting cartoon bolts closeup on the car

Bicycle chain and chain-ring, close up at a bike shop. Stock Photo

RMEMXRFB–Bicycle chain and chain-ring, close up at a bike shop.

Senior Airman Nathan Pennington, 2nd Maintenance Squadron bomber hydraulic centralized repair facility journeyman, removes safety wire off of a spoiler actuator at Barksdale Air Force Base, La., Oct. 23, 2017. The safety wire on this component is used to ensure the bolts stay tight and in place. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Tessa B. Corrick) Stock Photo

RMMMF21C–Senior Airman Nathan Pennington, 2nd Maintenance Squadron bomber hydraulic centralized repair facility journeyman, removes safety wire off of a spoiler actuator at Barksdale Air Force Base, La., Oct. 23, 2017. The safety wire on this component is used to ensure the bolts stay tight and in place. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Tessa B. Corrick)

Canada Place, Vancouver, Canada - 23rd June 2024:Details of the cables and bolts holding the builddings roof in place Stock Photo

RF2XFK7MP–Canada Place, Vancouver, Canada - 23rd June 2024:Details of the cables and bolts holding the builddings roof in place

RFDHKH72–Foundation with no house

A rusty gear wheel which was used for henequen production at Hacienda Yaxcopoil, Yaxcopoil, Yucatan, Mexico. Stock Photo

RMK2AH6R–A rusty gear wheel which was used for henequen production at Hacienda Yaxcopoil, Yaxcopoil, Yucatan, Mexico.

Security grill on the window of a high security building. Stock Photo

RFE3F91M–Security grill on the window of a high security building.

RFK0PBY2–anchorage of a large awning

Castle wall and door. YHA St Briavels Castle, St Briavels, Gloucestershire. UK Stock Photo

RM2J21B8X–Castle wall and door. YHA St Briavels Castle, St Briavels, Gloucestershire. UK

Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a... 518713 Stock Photo

RMDHDK2H–Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a... 518713

RMW651EX–Eddystone, Pennsylvania - Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a modern locomotive.

RF2R920WA–View of an Antique Steam Locomotive Being Repaired by Replacing Stay Bolts in an Engine Repair Shop

Locomotive appliances . Fiq. 5.Chicago Pneumatic Flue Cutter—Each machine is adapted to thltsizes of flues and will out Hues both inside and outside of sh< ddTe rent 472 LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. , .... Fig. 7. Little Giant Stay Bolt Nipper—The stay bolt may be cut off at any length desired, as the bolt passes through the cylinder. Will cut stay bolts up to H inches in diameter. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 473 Stock Photo

RM2AWDRH8–Locomotive appliances . Fiq. 5.Chicago Pneumatic Flue Cutter—Each machine is adapted to thltsizes of flues and will out Hues both inside and outside of sh< ddTe rent 472 LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. , .... Fig. 7. Little Giant Stay Bolt Nipper—The stay bolt may be cut off at any length desired, as the bolt passes through the cylinder. Will cut stay bolts up to H inches in diameter. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 473

RFE3F91N–Security grill on the window of a high security building.

RM2J21B8M–Castle wall and door. YHA St Briavels Castle, St Briavels, Gloucestershire. UK

Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a modern locomotive, March 1937 Stock Photo

RMD506XE–Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a modern locomotive, March 1937

Canadian machinery and metalworking (January-June 1919) . Supplied with Leadscrew Attachment for Stay Bolts or other work requiring special Accuracy? of Pitch. WRITE US FOR FULL DETAILS ON ANY MACHINEOR MACHINES IN WHICH VOL ARK INTERESTED, The John Bertram & Sons Company Limited DUNDAS, ONTARIO, CANADA MONTREAL TORONTO VANCOUVER WINNIPEG 723 Drummond Bldg. 1002 C.F.R. Bldg. 609 Bank of Ottawa Bldg. 1205 McArthur Bldg.. CANADIAN MACHINERY Volume XXI. Stock Photo

RM2AJ0NTJ–Canadian machinery and metalworking (January-June 1919) . Supplied with Leadscrew Attachment for Stay Bolts or other work requiring special Accuracy? of Pitch. WRITE US FOR FULL DETAILS ON ANY MACHINEOR MACHINES IN WHICH VOL ARK INTERESTED, The John Bertram & Sons Company Limited DUNDAS, ONTARIO, CANADA MONTREAL TORONTO VANCOUVER WINNIPEG 723 Drummond Bldg. 1002 C.F.R. Bldg. 609 Bank of Ottawa Bldg. 1205 McArthur Bldg.. CANADIAN MACHINERY Volume XXI.

RM2J21B96–Castle wall and door. YHA St Briavels Castle, St Briavels, Gloucestershire. UK

RMD506X5–Railroad parts. Baldwin Locomotive Works. Boilermaker tapping for stay-bolts in boiler of a modern locomotive, March 1937

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . is hooked up todifferent lengths and is attached by means of bolts intothe holes for the stay bolts. Whether rivets are driven by hand, or by machine,unless the sheets are well bolted together before riveting,there are apt to be some loose rivets. When these rivetsare detected, which may be frequent or only on rareoccasions, they must be taken out and new rivets put intheir place. It is not an uncommon thing to find looserivets in the water space frame and in the circumferentialseams. The ri Stock Photo

RM2AMYJB7–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . is hooked up todifferent lengths and is attached by means of bolts intothe holes for the stay bolts. Whether rivets are driven by hand, or by machine,unless the sheets are well bolted together before riveting,there are apt to be some loose rivets. When these rivetsare detected, which may be frequent or only on rareoccasions, they must be taken out and new rivets put intheir place. It is not an uncommon thing to find looserivets in the water space frame and in the circumferentialseams. The ri

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . It has been deemed advisable to gather the manyfixtures, connections and detail parts together into onechapter. These details have been grouped under theirspecial heads and will be treated separately.Stay Bolts. By far the most important detail of the boiler is thestay bolt. The kind of material, the design of the bolt and. Figure 167A common form of stay bolt. The Derry-Collard Co. the manner in which it is treated are all important items.In Fig. 167 we have a common form of stay bolt which Stock Photo

RM2AMYFM0–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . It has been deemed advisable to gather the manyfixtures, connections and detail parts together into onechapter. These details have been grouped under theirspecial heads and will be treated separately.Stay Bolts. By far the most important detail of the boiler is thestay bolt. The kind of material, the design of the bolt and. Figure 167A common form of stay bolt. The Derry-Collard Co. the manner in which it is treated are all important items.In Fig. 167 we have a common form of stay bolt which

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . e driven and if theboiler has not been raised to the proper height, a rivetwill be driven with the head out of the center of the rivet.This can readily be seen on the boiler on account of theuniform pitch as the eccentricity of the head makes thepitch unequal. Many boilers are supported upon the frame by meansof furnace bearers. These are frequently attached to 196 Stay bolts. the side sheet by studs and on account of the excessiveweight of the boiler, filled with water, the studs are tapped Stock Photo

RM2AMYH4F–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . e driven and if theboiler has not been raised to the proper height, a rivetwill be driven with the head out of the center of the rivet.This can readily be seen on the boiler on account of theuniform pitch as the eccentricity of the head makes thepitch unequal. Many boilers are supported upon the frame by meansof furnace bearers. These are frequently attached to 196 Stay bolts. the side sheet by studs and on account of the excessiveweight of the boiler, filled with water, the studs are tapped

Cyclopedia of locomotive engineering, with examination questions and answers; a practical manual on the construction care and management of modern locomotives . r sides, the water occupy-ing it being in free communication with the main bodyof wrater in the boiler It will thus be seen that thejflat sides of the fire-box are subjected to the fullpressure of the steam, and unless they be strengthenedin some manner they will bulge apart. This danger is(obviated by the use of stay bolts J-J, Fig. 6. These arejmade of the best quality of wrought iron, generally 45 46 LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERING from 7/% Stock Photo

RM2AXJPRB–Cyclopedia of locomotive engineering, with examination questions and answers; a practical manual on the construction care and management of modern locomotives . r sides, the water occupy-ing it being in free communication with the main bodyof wrater in the boiler It will thus be seen that thejflat sides of the fire-box are subjected to the fullpressure of the steam, and unless they be strengthenedin some manner they will bulge apart. This danger is(obviated by the use of stay bolts J-J, Fig. 6. These arejmade of the best quality of wrought iron, generally 45 46 LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERING from 7/%

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Derry-Collard Co. Fire brick tube construction. In riveting up the ends of the stay bolts and in calk-ing them tight to prevent leaks, it is a decided advantageto have the bolts cut off to the same length. For thisreason the stay bolt cutter or nipper, Fig. 286, is now be-ing used by some of our builders. This machine isoperated by compressed air and cuts all the bolts to thesame length. 287 Finishing parts.. Figure 286.Pneumatic stay bolt center. Finishing Parts. Stock Photo

RM2AM7WA8–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Derry-Collard Co. Fire brick tube construction. In riveting up the ends of the stay bolts and in calk-ing them tight to prevent leaks, it is a decided advantageto have the bolts cut off to the same length. For thisreason the stay bolt cutter or nipper, Fig. 286, is now be-ing used by some of our builders. This machine isoperated by compressed air and cuts all the bolts to thesame length. 287 Finishing parts.. Figure 286.Pneumatic stay bolt center. Finishing Parts.

Laying out for boiler makers and sheet metal workers; a practical treatise on the layout of boilers, stacks, tanks, pipes, elbows, and miscellaneous sheet metal work . s M and ]I. The remainder of the metalmust be trimmed away. The sheet is now ready to be flanged.Where the flange is short the majority of the holes for stay-bolts, rivets, etc., can be punched into the sheet before it isflanged. Those holes which come close to the curve and areliable to draw are put into the sheet after it is flanged. The layout of this back head is shown in Fig. 51. Theoutline of the sheet and the fire door h Stock Photo

RM2AWD7CX–Laying out for boiler makers and sheet metal workers; a practical treatise on the layout of boilers, stacks, tanks, pipes, elbows, and miscellaneous sheet metal work . s M and ]I. The remainder of the metalmust be trimmed away. The sheet is now ready to be flanged.Where the flange is short the majority of the holes for stay-bolts, rivets, etc., can be punched into the sheet before it isflanged. Those holes which come close to the curve and areliable to draw are put into the sheet after it is flanged. The layout of this back head is shown in Fig. 51. Theoutline of the sheet and the fire door h

Hardware merchandising September-December 1919 . NOVA SCOTIA STEEL & COAL CO., Limited NEW GLASGOW, N.S. Manufacturers of FERRONAPIG IRON and SIEMENS-MARTIN OPEN HEARTH STEEL. STAY BOLTS made frcm specially pre-ars that are a Superior Quality to stand the strain. We prepare a special gradefor this purpose. Drop us a line (or full particulars and prices. BISSEIT-WEEB.WINNIPEG McFKEFJCN & 1EE1ZELL, ? r* VANCOUVER, ORDERSTAY BOLTQUALITY MADE BY London Rolling-1 Mill Co. ltd London, Cam. Stock Photo

RM2AJDY5R–Hardware merchandising September-December 1919 . NOVA SCOTIA STEEL & COAL CO., Limited NEW GLASGOW, N.S. Manufacturers of FERRONAPIG IRON and SIEMENS-MARTIN OPEN HEARTH STEEL. STAY BOLTS made frcm specially pre-ars that are a Superior Quality to stand the strain. We prepare a special gradefor this purpose. Drop us a line (or full particulars and prices. BISSEIT-WEEB.WINNIPEG McFKEFJCN & 1EE1ZELL, ? r* VANCOUVER, ORDERSTAY BOLTQUALITY MADE BY London Rolling-1 Mill Co. ltd London, Cam.

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Derry Cvllard Co. screwed tightly into the boiler by means of a plug witha hexagon head. The plug is screwed into the inside and. The Derry Collard Co. Still another form of flexible stay bolt. has a shoulder that comes against the outside and drivesthe fitting into place. The plug is readily backed out 202 Flexible stay bolts. after the fitting has been screwed into place. The portionmarked C is made of a good quality of wrought iron andis screwed in by means of a square recess in the h Stock Photo

RM2AMYCGF–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Derry Cvllard Co. screwed tightly into the boiler by means of a plug witha hexagon head. The plug is screwed into the inside and. The Derry Collard Co. Still another form of flexible stay bolt. has a shoulder that comes against the outside and drivesthe fitting into place. The plug is readily backed out 202 Flexible stay bolts. after the fitting has been screwed into place. The portionmarked C is made of a good quality of wrought iron andis screwed in by means of a square recess in the h

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Figure 167A common form of stay bolt. The Derry-Collard Co. the manner in which it is treated are all important items.In Fig. 167 we have a common form of stay bolt which isfrequently used for staying the narrow portion of thewater legs. The standard thread for these stay boltsamong nearly all railroads is twelve to the inch. Thisgives a thread which is strong enough to resist shearing, 199 Stay bolts break near sheet. and yet one which is not so coarse as to greatly reduce thearea at the ro Stock Photo

RM2AMYEXH–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Figure 167A common form of stay bolt. The Derry-Collard Co. the manner in which it is treated are all important items.In Fig. 167 we have a common form of stay bolt which isfrequently used for staying the narrow portion of thewater legs. The standard thread for these stay boltsamong nearly all railroads is twelve to the inch. Thisgives a thread which is strong enough to resist shearing, 199 Stay bolts break near sheet. and yet one which is not so coarse as to greatly reduce thearea at the ro

Hardware merchandising January-March 1911 . other Iron but Lowmoor. It can be recommended wherever reliable Iron is needed,and is largely used by the leading Canadian railway carand locomotive builders and machine shops. Its use is suggested for Crane Hooks Shackles Rudder Chains Logging Chains Spring Buckles Boiler Rivets Stay Bolts Couplings Links and where reliable repairs are required.Our StocK Consists of Rounds, Squares, Flats On Your Next Orderfor Iron of quality Consider Lowmoor We are in a position to ship promptly car-loads or, infact, any quantity required. Largest StocK in Canada W Stock Photo

RM2AJBYAE–Hardware merchandising January-March 1911 . other Iron but Lowmoor. It can be recommended wherever reliable Iron is needed,and is largely used by the leading Canadian railway carand locomotive builders and machine shops. Its use is suggested for Crane Hooks Shackles Rudder Chains Logging Chains Spring Buckles Boiler Rivets Stay Bolts Couplings Links and where reliable repairs are required.Our StocK Consists of Rounds, Squares, Flats On Your Next Orderfor Iron of quality Consider Lowmoor We are in a position to ship promptly car-loads or, infact, any quantity required. Largest StocK in Canada W

A history of the growth of the steam-engine . nected by triangularly-bent water-tubes exposed to the heat of the furnace-gases. Jacob Per-kins made many experiments looking to the employment ofvery high steam-pressures, and in 1831 patented a boiler of STATIONAKY ENGINES. 345 this class, in whioh the heating-surfaces nearest the fire werecomposed of iron tubes, which tubes also served as grate-bars. The steam and water space was principally com-prised within a comparatively large chamber, of which thewalls were secured by closely distributed stay-bolts. Forextremely high pressures, boilers com Stock Photo

RM2AJ2XCN–A history of the growth of the steam-engine . nected by triangularly-bent water-tubes exposed to the heat of the furnace-gases. Jacob Per-kins made many experiments looking to the employment ofvery high steam-pressures, and in 1831 patented a boiler of STATIONAKY ENGINES. 345 this class, in whioh the heating-surfaces nearest the fire werecomposed of iron tubes, which tubes also served as grate-bars. The steam and water space was principally com-prised within a comparatively large chamber, of which thewalls were secured by closely distributed stay-bolts. Forextremely high pressures, boilers com

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Figure 172Flexible stay bolt in place.. from the outside into the fire box. H is then caught witha wrench and while one man turns the wrench anotherpushes the bolt in until the thread is caught at T. Whenthe thread at S begins to enter the sheet, the fitting isturned by means of the hexagon on it and then by turn- 203 Flexible stay bolts. ing S the same as H, both are threaded in together.When S becomes tight, the bolt is in place. Then it re-mains to be nicked, broken off, and riveted over Stock Photo

RM2AMYBE1–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Figure 172Flexible stay bolt in place.. from the outside into the fire box. H is then caught witha wrench and while one man turns the wrench anotherpushes the bolt in until the thread is caught at T. Whenthe thread at S begins to enter the sheet, the fitting isturned by means of the hexagon on it and then by turn- 203 Flexible stay bolts. ing S the same as H, both are threaded in together.When S becomes tight, the bolt is in place. Then it re-mains to be nicked, broken off, and riveted over

. Appleton's dictionary of machines, mechanics, engine-work, and engineering. 33C9.. Fig. 3371 is a longitudinal section of one of the lower or feeding and delivering rollers, and of one o!the driving pinions. Fig. 3312 a front elevation of the three driving pinions, corresponding in position with their respec-tive rollers, as shown in Fig. 3370. Fig. 3373 a detached view of one of the stay-bolts for strengthening the standards. Fig. 3374 is a section of part of the feeding-board, through the socket of one of its supporting columns. *ig. 33(o is a section of that part of the standard through w Stock Photo

RM2AG8J3Y–. Appleton's dictionary of machines, mechanics, engine-work, and engineering. 33C9.. Fig. 3371 is a longitudinal section of one of the lower or feeding and delivering rollers, and of one o!the driving pinions. Fig. 3312 a front elevation of the three driving pinions, corresponding in position with their respec-tive rollers, as shown in Fig. 3370. Fig. 3373 a detached view of one of the stay-bolts for strengthening the standards. Fig. 3374 is a section of part of the feeding-board, through the socket of one of its supporting columns. *ig. 33(o is a section of that part of the standard through w

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Berry Collard Go. Stay bolt with drilled ends. inside sheet. The bolt has been riveted over as indicatedand the hole H drilled from the outside, deep enough topass the point W, where the threads end. The bolt iseither turned down or cut on a portion of the boltupset from a bar of the diameter B. These stay bolts usually break close to the outsidesheet. This is due to the fact that the outside sheet isalways cool and the inside sheet, especially when the fire 200 Flexible stay bolts. beco Stock Photo

RM2AMYE8P–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Berry Collard Go. Stay bolt with drilled ends. inside sheet. The bolt has been riveted over as indicatedand the hole H drilled from the outside, deep enough topass the point W, where the threads end. The bolt iseither turned down or cut on a portion of the boltupset from a bar of the diameter B. These stay bolts usually break close to the outsidesheet. This is due to the fact that the outside sheet isalways cool and the inside sheet, especially when the fire 200 Flexible stay bolts. beco

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . ly ends in a rupture. This occurs mostfrequently along the stay bolts on the top of ti sidesheet and for this reason boilers are now often built witha line of flexible stays at this point. A number of flexible stays have been invented fromtime to time, some of them being satisfactory and othersproving a failure. One method for making a stay boltflexible can be seen by referring to Fig. 169. This repre-sents, an ordinary stay bolt with slots S milled clearthrough and at right angles to each Stock Photo

RM2AMYDJ9–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . ly ends in a rupture. This occurs mostfrequently along the stay bolts on the top of ti sidesheet and for this reason boilers are now often built witha line of flexible stays at this point. A number of flexible stays have been invented fromtime to time, some of them being satisfactory and othersproving a failure. One method for making a stay boltflexible can be seen by referring to Fig. 169. This repre-sents, an ordinary stay bolt with slots S milled clearthrough and at right angles to each

RM2AWDC6J–Laying out for boiler makers and sheet metal workers; a practical treatise on the layout of boilers, stacks, tanks, pipes, elbows, and miscellaneous sheet metal work . the boilercard, the distance front and back for the top line of stay-bolts.Draw this line the full length of the sheet. In a similar man-ner lay out the location of the second line, and so on. Sumup the overall length to see that you do not gain or lose, asthe lower line must be a definite distance from the lower edgeof the sheet. Too much care cannot be taken in laying outthese lines, for there are often furnace bearers, pads,

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Derry Collard Co. Still another form of flexible stay bolt. has a shoulder that comes against the outside and drivesthe fitting into place. The plug is readily backed out 202 Flexible stay bolts. after the fitting has been screwed into place. The portionmarked C is made of a good quality of wrought iron andis screwed in by means of a square recess in the head. Thebolt is then cut off on the fire box end and riveted overas usual. The joint would not be steam tight, thereforea plug P is sc Stock Photo

RM2AMYBYM–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . The Derry Collard Co. Still another form of flexible stay bolt. has a shoulder that comes against the outside and drivesthe fitting into place. The plug is readily backed out 202 Flexible stay bolts. after the fitting has been screwed into place. The portionmarked C is made of a good quality of wrought iron andis screwed in by means of a square recess in the head. Thebolt is then cut off on the fire box end and riveted overas usual. The joint would not be steam tight, thereforea plug P is sc

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Figure J75 ^* Derry Collard Co. Tools for flexible stay bolts. tap and then the nut is brought down on the face of thefitting and the fitting screwed into place by the handle H.Fig. 174 represents a solid wrench for the same pur-pose. Fig. 175 shows the wrench that is used for puttingin the stay bolt and the plug. The small end A is usedfor the former and the end B for the latter. 204 Crown stays.. Figure 176A common, form of crown stay. The Derry OoUard Oo. Crown Stays, Many of the crown st Stock Photo

RM2AMYAX6–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Figure J75 ^* Derry Collard Co. Tools for flexible stay bolts. tap and then the nut is brought down on the face of thefitting and the fitting screwed into place by the handle H.Fig. 174 represents a solid wrench for the same pur-pose. Fig. 175 shows the wrench that is used for puttingin the stay bolt and the plug. The small end A is usedfor the former and the end B for the latter. 204 Crown stays.. Figure 176A common, form of crown stay. The Derry OoUard Oo. Crown Stays, Many of the crown st

$. American stationary engineering; a practical work which begins at the boiler room and takes in the whole power plant. e is applied. The braces should be spacedabout 8 inches apart on the X bar and 7 inches from the edgeof the flange X the bar should be 4 X 4| X iioo and riveted tothe head or flat surface with ^ rivets spaced ^ inches apart. Hollow Stay Bolts are used in locomotive tire boxes toshow when fracture has occurred by permitting an escape ofsteam or water. The flange of a boiler head -J thick will amply support 6inches from the edge of the flange. A radius of 3 inches is ample fo Stock Photo$

RM2AFREJF–. American stationary engineering; a practical work which begins at the boiler room and takes in the whole power plant. e is applied. The braces should be spacedabout 8 inches apart on the X bar and 7 inches from the edgeof the flange X the bar should be 4 X 4| X iioo and riveted tothe head or flat surface with ^ rivets spaced ^ inches apart. Hollow Stay Bolts are used in locomotive tire boxes toshow when fracture has occurred by permitting an escape ofsteam or water. The flange of a boiler head -J thick will amply support 6inches from the edge of the flange. A radius of 3 inches is ample fo

Hardening, tempering, annealing and forging of steel; a treatise on the practical treatment and working of high and low grade steel .. . STARRETTS FINE TOOLS A NECESSITY TO THE MECHANICA LUXURY TO THE AMATEURA DELIGHT TO BOTH CATALOGUE FREE: The L. S. STARRETT CO. ATHOL. MASS.. U. S. A. High Grade Crucible Steel FOR LATHES, PLANERS, DIES, PUNCHES, ETC. Jflkns Special Cire Cuming Steel FOR LOCOMOTIVE TIRES.NOTHING KNOWN TO EQUAL IT. Curners Patent Iron fibred Steel Best material known for stay bolts, crank pins and piston rods, etc. Manufactured only by EDGAR ALLEN & CO.. Ltd.. Sheffield, Engla Stock Photo

RM2AJ84PF–Hardening, tempering, annealing and forging of steel; a treatise on the practical treatment and working of high and low grade steel .. . STARRETTS FINE TOOLS A NECESSITY TO THE MECHANICA LUXURY TO THE AMATEURA DELIGHT TO BOTH CATALOGUE FREE: The L. S. STARRETT CO. ATHOL. MASS.. U. S. A. High Grade Crucible Steel FOR LATHES, PLANERS, DIES, PUNCHES, ETC. Jflkns Special Cire Cuming Steel FOR LOCOMOTIVE TIRES.NOTHING KNOWN TO EQUAL IT. Curners Patent Iron fibred Steel Best material known for stay bolts, crank pins and piston rods, etc. Manufactured only by EDGAR ALLEN & CO.. Ltd.. Sheffield, Engla

. Canadian transportation & distribution management. iftrfe has Demonstrated FIRST—tha1*^^AilTiiK^<liybolts procfuSe more^tisfactgpi^nd more econo- l^ic^rtjiults than ri^id stay bolts.SECOMb^^ai TATE FLEXIBLE STAYBOLTS are best of all, meas-•^red by every standard. Ask for our New Catalog just issued. FLANNERY BOLT COMPANY, Vanadium Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Manufactured and sold in Canada by Canada Foundry Company, Limited, General Offices, Toronto, Ont. BULLETIN 21. THE NEW YEAR is a good time to look over votfr powerplant equipment—a good^ime to con-sider remodelling orjbuilding. Depend- Stock Photo

RM2AG8RPA–. Canadian transportation & distribution management. iftrfe has Demonstrated FIRST—tha1*^^AilTiiK^<liybolts procfuSe more^tisfactgpi^nd more econo- l^ic^rtjiults than ri^id stay bolts.SECOMb^^ai TATE FLEXIBLE STAYBOLTS are best of all, meas-•^red by every standard. Ask for our New Catalog just issued. FLANNERY BOLT COMPANY, Vanadium Building, Pittsburgh, Pa. Manufactured and sold in Canada by Canada Foundry Company, Limited, General Offices, Toronto, Ont. BULLETIN 21. THE NEW YEAR is a good time to look over votfr powerplant equipment—a good^ime to con-sider remodelling orjbuilding. Depend-

RM2AXJD8K–Cyclopedia of locomotive engineering, with examination questions and answers; a practical manual on the construction care and management of modern locomotives . Vertical Section A-B.. End Elevation,Sfowing Attachment of bong. Stays. Half Section C-D. Half End Elevationof Smoke-Box. Figure 28 or distance in inches between centers of the pointsof connection of the stays to the flat plate. Thus,suppose the stays in a certain boiler are spaced 8 in.apart, the area sustained by each stay = 8 x 8 = 64 sq.in., or assume the stay bolts in a locomotive fire-boxto be pitched 4^ in. each way, the area su

Hardware merchandising September-December 1919 . STAY BOLTS made frcm specially pre-ars that are a Superior Quality to stand the strain. We prepare a special gradefor this purpose. Drop us a line (or full particulars and prices. BISSEIT-WEEB.WINNIPEG McFKEFJCN & 1EE1ZELL, ? r* VANCOUVER, ORDERSTAY BOLTQUALITY MADE BY London Rolling-1 Mill Co. ltd London, Cam.. CROWBARS No. 102-A-CHISEL POINT B. J. COGHLIN CO. We offer you bars made of High Carbon Steel at the same price asyou are buying the Mild Steel Bar elsewhere. Send us a trial order. LIMITED, Office and Factory: Ontario Street East, MONTR Stock Photo

RM2AJDY0E–Hardware merchandising September-December 1919 . STAY BOLTS made frcm specially pre-ars that are a Superior Quality to stand the strain. We prepare a special gradefor this purpose. Drop us a line (or full particulars and prices. BISSEIT-WEEB.WINNIPEG McFKEFJCN & 1EE1ZELL, ? r* VANCOUVER, ORDERSTAY BOLTQUALITY MADE BY London Rolling-1 Mill Co. ltd London, Cam.. CROWBARS No. 102-A-CHISEL POINT B. J. COGHLIN CO. We offer you bars made of High Carbon Steel at the same price asyou are buying the Mild Steel Bar elsewhere. Send us a trial order. LIMITED, Office and Factory: Ontario Street East, MONTR

Engineers' and firemen's license law . Pressure, in Pounds per Square Inch. 100 110 120 125 130 Longitudinal Pitch of Stay-bolts, in Inches, not to exceed — Thickness of furnace sheet %<$?. 5. 5% Diameter of stay-bolts over threads shall not be lessthan seven-eighths (%) inch. 24. When a pitch of stay-bolts is required for a pressure higher thangiven in the tables, paragraph 23 of this section, the furnace sheet shallbe stay-bolted as a flat surface, as shown in the table, paragraph 21 ofthis section.. 25. In a vertical fire-tube boiler the height of furnace Mea shall be measured from the c Stock Photo

RM2AJM34H–Engineers' and firemen's license law . Pressure, in Pounds per Square Inch. 100 110 120 125 130 Longitudinal Pitch of Stay-bolts, in Inches, not to exceed — Thickness of furnace sheet %<$?. 5. 5% Diameter of stay-bolts over threads shall not be lessthan seven-eighths (%) inch. 24. When a pitch of stay-bolts is required for a pressure higher thangiven in the tables, paragraph 23 of this section, the furnace sheet shallbe stay-bolted as a flat surface, as shown in the table, paragraph 21 ofthis section.. 25. In a vertical fire-tube boiler the height of furnace Mea shall be measured from the c

Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Arrangement showing top row of Stay Bolts on Back Head Plate No. 5 V,< Dcrri-Colhrd Co. ^Vi^^!VS^S^^^^i^AS^!Vi^ CATALOGUE OFSTANDARDPRACTICAL andSCIENTIFICBOOKS. PUBLISHED AND FOR SALE BY The Norman W.Henley Publishing Go. 132 Nassau St., New York, U. S. A. tommm»ffi&<foffim?^mmmmmmmm A NEW REVISED EDITION. JUST PUBLISHED. UP-TO-DATE AIR-BRAKE CATECHISM By ROBERT H. BLACKALL Pocket Size Prir*» $2 00 Ful]y Illustrated 384 Pages. rnce» «P^UU With Colored Plates. THIS is the standard bo Stock Photo

RM2AM6TG0–Locomotive boiler construction; a practical treatise for boilermakers, boiler users and inspectors .. . Arrangement showing top row of Stay Bolts on Back Head Plate No. 5 V,< Dcrri-Colhrd Co. ^Vi^^!VS^S^^^^i^AS^!Vi^ CATALOGUE OFSTANDARDPRACTICAL andSCIENTIFICBOOKS. PUBLISHED AND FOR SALE BY The Norman W.Henley Publishing Go. 132 Nassau St., New York, U. S. A. tommm»ffi&<foffim?^mmmmmmmm A NEW REVISED EDITION. JUST PUBLISHED. UP-TO-DATE AIR-BRAKE CATECHISM By ROBERT H. BLACKALL Pocket Size Prir*» $2 00 Ful]y Illustrated 384 Pages. rnce» «P^UU With Colored Plates. THIS is the standard bo

. The railroad and engineering journal . STAY-BOLTS, YARROW SYSTEM. ends on brackets riveted to the side plates. The crown-sheet of the fire-box is joined to the outer crown-sheet bylong stay-bolts of iron of the ordinary form, except thai 220 THE RAILROAD AND [May, 1888.. ;ikil Stock Photo

RM2CRHM7W–. The railroad and engineering journal . STAY-BOLTS, YARROW SYSTEM. ends on brackets riveted to the side plates. The crown-sheet of the fire-box is joined to the outer crown-sheet bylong stay-bolts of iron of the ordinary form, except thai 220 THE RAILROAD AND [May, 1888.. ;ikil

. American engineer and railroad journal . Vol. LXVI. No. ii.J ENGINEERING JOURNAL. 505. COMPOUND PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE, ST. PETERSBURG-WARSAW RAILROAD. sheet of the boiler by stay-bolts over a large part of itsarea ; but at the front end these are not continuous, shortstay-bolts extending from the crown-sheet to a transverse Stock Photo

RM2CH2KAH–. American engineer and railroad journal . Vol. LXVI. No. ii.J ENGINEERING JOURNAL. 505. COMPOUND PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE, ST. PETERSBURG-WARSAW RAILROAD. sheet of the boiler by stay-bolts over a large part of itsarea ; but at the front end these are not continuous, shortstay-bolts extending from the crown-sheet to a transverse

. American engineer and railroad journal . the most difficult pieces of work since it embraces a horizontalseam, which is difficult because of the possibility of laps or coldshuts at the upper edge of the weld; also the inverted wedwhich is very slow, yet is free from laps, since the metal thatremains there is quite sure to be welded. A space on the side sheet of this same firebox, about i6 in. indiameter, had a number of cracks at the stay bolts. These hadbeen repaired by screw plugs ;.nd caulking, but were again givingtrouble. The sheet was easily repaired with the oxy-acetylenewelding proce Stock Photo

RM2CRBEGT–. American engineer and railroad journal . the most difficult pieces of work since it embraces a horizontalseam, which is difficult because of the possibility of laps or coldshuts at the upper edge of the weld; also the inverted wedwhich is very slow, yet is free from laps, since the metal thatremains there is quite sure to be welded. A space on the side sheet of this same firebox, about i6 in. indiameter, had a number of cracks at the stay bolts. These hadbeen repaired by screw plugs ;.nd caulking, but were again givingtrouble. The sheet was easily repaired with the oxy-acetylenewelding proce

. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . For Farm.For Railroads.Around Parks andCemeteries. PAGE WOVEN WIREFENCE CO. ADRIAN, MICH. Patented Devices For Drilling Out Old Stay-Bolts and Re-Threading the Old Holes Without Removing Any of the Parts of the Engine. Radlal Taps for Long Distances. J. T. CONNELLY, Sole Manufacturer, Milton, Pa. LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERING. 551 Gold €ar l>(dtjnd Company i. ¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥ ¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥ i^n Stock Photo

RM2CGRJY6–. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . For Farm.For Railroads.Around Parks andCemeteries. PAGE WOVEN WIREFENCE CO. ADRIAN, MICH. Patented Devices For Drilling Out Old Stay-Bolts and Re-Threading the Old Holes Without Removing Any of the Parts of the Engine. Radlal Taps for Long Distances. J. T. CONNELLY, Sole Manufacturer, Milton, Pa. LOCOMOTIVE ENGINEERING. 551 Gold €ar l>(dtjnd Company i. ¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥ ¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥¥ i^n

. The railroad and engineering journal . theparts most liable to injury causea by low water or deposits ofsediment. The first part exposed by low water is the crown-sheet, which is at all times subjected to the greatest heal, andyet has always the least water to protect it The sides of thefurnace are ready receptacles (or the deposit of mud and all im-purities of the water, while the numerous stay-bolts required tostrengthen them make them the most dillicult parts of the boderto keep clean. As a result the furitaci- of the portable boiler isthe grral source of danger and expense for repairs. I Stock Photo

RM2CRC8YP–. The railroad and engineering journal . theparts most liable to injury causea by low water or deposits ofsediment. The first part exposed by low water is the crown-sheet, which is at all times subjected to the greatest heal, andyet has always the least water to protect it The sides of thefurnace are ready receptacles (or the deposit of mud and all im-purities of the water, while the numerous stay-bolts required tostrengthen them make them the most dillicult parts of the boderto keep clean. As a result the furitaci- of the portable boiler isthe grral source of danger and expense for repairs. I

. Railway mechanical engineer . eets, and door necks with electric weld, all thecaulking edge must be chipped and cleaned with a roughingtool. All fire-cracks must be chipped to 45 deg. bevel. Allthe work must be caulked with roughing tool to close allpores in the metal after welding. If possible weld the tubeswith water in the boiler. The water keeps down expansionand contraction of the tube and head and also exposes alldefective welds. Fireboxes can be welded successfully instead of riveting.Make the welds come in between the first and second rowsof stay-bolts, which will stiffen them. To do Stock Photo

RM2CH6PMW–. Railway mechanical engineer . eets, and door necks with electric weld, all thecaulking edge must be chipped and cleaned with a roughingtool. All fire-cracks must be chipped to 45 deg. bevel. Allthe work must be caulked with roughing tool to close allpores in the metal after welding. If possible weld the tubeswith water in the boiler. The water keeps down expansionand contraction of the tube and head and also exposes alldefective welds. Fireboxes can be welded successfully instead of riveting.Make the welds come in between the first and second rowsof stay-bolts, which will stiffen them. To do

. Science of railways . New Type of Hancock ChimeWhistle STAY BOLTS. The corrugated fire box for locomotive use beingonly in the experimental stage, it may be said thatpractically every locomotive has several hundredstay-bolts which form the connecting and strength-ening link between the fire-box and the outer shell ofthe boiler. (For the description and construction ofthe locomotive boiler, the reader is referred to Vol. I,The Science of Railways, where he will find manyengravings relating thereto; also to Plate I, TheAmerican Steam Locomotive.) The great expense to railroad companies caused Stock Photo

RM2CGY88G–. Science of railways . New Type of Hancock ChimeWhistle STAY BOLTS. The corrugated fire box for locomotive use beingonly in the experimental stage, it may be said thatpractically every locomotive has several hundredstay-bolts which form the connecting and strength-ening link between the fire-box and the outer shell ofthe boiler. (For the description and construction ofthe locomotive boiler, the reader is referred to Vol. I,The Science of Railways, where he will find manyengravings relating thereto; also to Plate I, TheAmerican Steam Locomotive.) The great expense to railroad companies caused

. Railroad digest . all the quadrilaterals so madecan be inscribed in circles the curve of rest will havebeen drawn; but this is not necessarily a part of a circle.It is also noted that the Belpaire boiler, whose sheets arenot curves at all in the general acceptation of the term,fulfil these conditions, and therefore its plates conform tothe theoretical curve of rest. The curve of rest is a portionof a circle when there is an evenly distributed fluid pressureacting alone. In a boiler there is always this evenly dis-tributed pressure, but all the stay-bolts are pulling on thesheets with forces Stock Photo

RM2CRFADB–. Railroad digest . all the quadrilaterals so madecan be inscribed in circles the curve of rest will havebeen drawn; but this is not necessarily a part of a circle.It is also noted that the Belpaire boiler, whose sheets arenot curves at all in the general acceptation of the term,fulfil these conditions, and therefore its plates conform tothe theoretical curve of rest. The curve of rest is a portionof a circle when there is an evenly distributed fluid pressureacting alone. In a boiler there is always this evenly dis-tributed pressure, but all the stay-bolts are pulling on thesheets with forces

. The railroad and engineering journal . Fig. 97 water to circulate under the bars, and prevents the crown-sheetfrom being burned or overheated, as it would be if the waterwere excluded from the whole under surface of the crown-bars.*The crown-bars are also attached to the outer shell and thedome by braces, k k. Crown-sheets are sometimes supported by stay-bolts, whichare screwed into it and ihe outer shell of the boiler, as shownin figs. 95 and 96. A difficulty with this form of constructionis that to resist the strains produced by the steam pressure onthe crown-sheet the bolts should be plac Stock Photo

RM2CRJ80H–. The railroad and engineering journal . Fig. 97 water to circulate under the bars, and prevents the crown-sheetfrom being burned or overheated, as it would be if the waterwere excluded from the whole under surface of the crown-bars.*The crown-bars are also attached to the outer shell and thedome by braces, k k. Crown-sheets are sometimes supported by stay-bolts, whichare screwed into it and ihe outer shell of the boiler, as shownin figs. 95 and 96. A difficulty with this form of constructionis that to resist the strains produced by the steam pressure onthe crown-sheet the bolts should be plac

. The railroad and engineering journal . the flatsurfaces shown in fig. i, and of the great number of stay-bolts required in that engine, but the greatest steam roomis provided in the center of the boiler. The smallest diam-eter is at the rear end, which has the advantage of givingmore room in the cab, and while the boiler is higher inthe center, it does not reach such a height as to interfere * This engine, built by Herr Pohlmeyer. was described and illustrated inthe Railkoap anp Engineeking Journal tor June, 1889, page 272. i6o THE RAILROAD AND [April, 1890. with the outlook of the engineer. Stock Photo

RM2CPFRCJ–. The railroad and engineering journal . the flatsurfaces shown in fig. i, and of the great number of stay-bolts required in that engine, but the greatest steam roomis provided in the center of the boiler. The smallest diam-eter is at the rear end, which has the advantage of givingmore room in the cab, and while the boiler is higher inthe center, it does not reach such a height as to interfere * This engine, built by Herr Pohlmeyer. was described and illustrated inthe Railkoap anp Engineeking Journal tor June, 1889, page 272. i6o THE RAILROAD AND [April, 1890. with the outlook of the engineer.

. Canadian machinery and metalworking (July-December 1917) . ACMEBOLT CUTTERS All Standard Sizes*[from54-inch to 6-inch Capacity. Supplied with Leadscrew Attachment for Stay Bolts or other work requiringspecial Accuracy of Pitch. WRITE US FOR FULL DETAILS ON ANY MACHINE OR MACHINESIN WHICH YOU ARE INTERESTED The John Bertram & Sons Company Limited MONTREAL 723 Drummond Bldg. Dundas, Ontario, Canada TORONTO VANCOUVER 1002 C.P.R. Bldg. 609 Bank of Ottawa Bldg. WINNIPEG1205 McArthur Bldg MMIM WPlilli Stock Photo

RM2CDDECN–. Canadian machinery and metalworking (July-December 1917) . ACMEBOLT CUTTERS All Standard Sizes*[from54-inch to 6-inch Capacity. Supplied with Leadscrew Attachment for Stay Bolts or other work requiringspecial Accuracy of Pitch. WRITE US FOR FULL DETAILS ON ANY MACHINE OR MACHINESIN WHICH YOU ARE INTERESTED The John Bertram & Sons Company Limited MONTREAL 723 Drummond Bldg. Dundas, Ontario, Canada TORONTO VANCOUVER 1002 C.P.R. Bldg. 609 Bank of Ottawa Bldg. WINNIPEG1205 McArthur Bldg MMIM WPlilli

. American engineer and railroad journal . is a source of constant anxiety to those who run locomotives,and to those who have the responsibility of their care. Thisis due to the fact that the inside plates which are exposed tothe fire, the stay-bolts and braces, and, in fact, the win lestructure are subjected to great strains, which are very im-perfectly understood, are exposed to constant deterioration,and are always liable to fail, and—as Mr. l?ork has pointed SECTION ON W X BORKS BRICK LINED LOCOMOTIVE FIRE-BOX. and no reduction, but rather an increase of efficiency, it mustbe admitted that Stock Photo

RM2CH0T2R–. American engineer and railroad journal . is a source of constant anxiety to those who run locomotives,and to those who have the responsibility of their care. Thisis due to the fact that the inside plates which are exposed tothe fire, the stay-bolts and braces, and, in fact, the win lestructure are subjected to great strains, which are very im-perfectly understood, are exposed to constant deterioration,and are always liable to fail, and—as Mr. l?ork has pointed SECTION ON W X BORKS BRICK LINED LOCOMOTIVE FIRE-BOX. and no reduction, but rather an increase of efficiency, it mustbe admitted that

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . r this matter night afternight, and watching the delicate and sen-sitive movement of the sheets and stay-bolts and the difference in the action ofthe flexible and rigid bolts, everyone wasgreatly impressed with the superiority ofthe flexible bolt as a means of reducingthe probable stresses that the severalparts of the boiler are called upon tosustain. This is a purely personal mat-ter that is shared by all who have been indicative andnot conclusive.The absence ofany data uponwhich to estimate Stock Photo

RM2CH214X–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . r this matter night afternight, and watching the delicate and sen-sitive movement of the sheets and stay-bolts and the difference in the action ofthe flexible and rigid bolts, everyone wasgreatly impressed with the superiority ofthe flexible bolt as a means of reducingthe probable stresses that the severalparts of the boiler are called upon tosustain. This is a purely personal mat-ter that is shared by all who have been indicative andnot conclusive.The absence ofany data uponwhich to estimate

. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . heets which were over-heated, as compared with the sheets whichwere not overheated. The temperature towhich they were heated can be determinedby cutting strips from the overheatedplate below the water line. These stripspolished on the edges are then held in aclear fire so that one end remains coldwhile the other is heated to a dull yellow slieets were during operation, it is alsoknown whether the metal was sufficientlysoft to bulge or to strip from the stay-bolts; examination of plates and bolts willveri Stock Photo

RM2CRM67X–. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . heets which were over-heated, as compared with the sheets whichwere not overheated. The temperature towhich they were heated can be determinedby cutting strips from the overheatedplate below the water line. These stripspolished on the edges are then held in aclear fire so that one end remains coldwhile the other is heated to a dull yellow slieets were during operation, it is alsoknown whether the metal was sufficientlysoft to bulge or to strip from the stay-bolts; examination of plates and bolts willveri

. Railway mechanical engineer . bustion chamber was only 62 per cent,while with the combustion chamber it was 74 per cent. The saving in fuel effected by the combustion chamber isso large that it would probably far outweigh the increasedcost of repairs in any boiler of reasonably good design. Fre-quent cracking of the combustion chamber sheets is probablydue to too rigid construction which under ordinary condi-tions can be overcome quite readily by the use of flexible stay-bolts. Another important cause of failure may be the poormaterial that has been accepted under the specifications pre-pare Stock Photo

RM2CH088X–. Railway mechanical engineer . bustion chamber was only 62 per cent,while with the combustion chamber it was 74 per cent. The saving in fuel effected by the combustion chamber isso large that it would probably far outweigh the increasedcost of repairs in any boiler of reasonably good design. Fre-quent cracking of the combustion chamber sheets is probablydue to too rigid construction which under ordinary condi-tions can be overcome quite readily by the use of flexible stay-bolts. Another important cause of failure may be the poormaterial that has been accepted under the specifications pre-pare

. American engineer and railroad journal . ng them, and drilling andtapping for stay-bolts. The large machine shop impresses one at once as being re-markably well arranged and convenient. Extending alongthe whole western side of the shop there is a bench which isfurnished with the usual equipment of vises and drawers.Under this same bay there are the small tools, such as lathes,planers, shapers, etc., which are provided and served as thenecessities of the work done upon them may require, withsuitable light cranes and hoists. The heavier tools, such asthe large planers, upon which frames and cy Stock Photo

RM2CH1CFF–. American engineer and railroad journal . ng them, and drilling andtapping for stay-bolts. The large machine shop impresses one at once as being re-markably well arranged and convenient. Extending alongthe whole western side of the shop there is a bench which isfurnished with the usual equipment of vises and drawers.Under this same bay there are the small tools, such as lathes,planers, shapers, etc., which are provided and served as thenecessities of the work done upon them may require, withsuitable light cranes and hoists. The heavier tools, such asthe large planers, upon which frames and cy

. American engineer and railroad journal . FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, 2—8—2 ( JCTKADO ) TYPE—50BTKE&N PiOTIO BAXLBOAD.. PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE, 4—6—2 (PACIFIC) TYIi: -NORTHERN PACIFICDatid Va* Austtxe, Buperintendenr of Motive Power. Amebicajc Locomotive Company, Sen AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. is 7 ins.; the water space at the sides of the firebox beginsto widen at the fourth row of stay bolts, and furthermore thespacing of the 2-in. tubes is at 3-in. centers in both tubesheets. With this combination the boilers should not onlycarry their water well, but the circulation should be all thati Stock Photo

RM2CH4PHF–. American engineer and railroad journal . FREIGHT LOCOMOTIVE, 2—8—2 ( JCTKADO ) TYPE—50BTKE&N PiOTIO BAXLBOAD.. PASSENGER LOCOMOTIVE, 4—6—2 (PACIFIC) TYIi: -NORTHERN PACIFICDatid Va* Austtxe, Buperintendenr of Motive Power. Amebicajc Locomotive Company, Sen AMERICAN ENGINEER AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. is 7 ins.; the water space at the sides of the firebox beginsto widen at the fourth row of stay bolts, and furthermore thespacing of the 2-in. tubes is at 3-in. centers in both tubesheets. With this combination the boilers should not onlycarry their water well, but the circulation should be all thati

. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . aper on Bending Tests of Stay-bolts. Mr. Cole has made a bending ma-chine to ascertain the life of staybolts be-ing constantly under bending strain, but.according to Mr. Gus Henning and otherauthorities, the machine does not repre-sent actual conditions, and therefore theresults are not as exhaustive as theymight have been. It is admitted that staybolts are injuredless by direct steam pressure than by thebending action of the sheets due to vari-ous causes, and the aim is to decreasethese injurious action Stock Photo

RM2CH04YX–. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . aper on Bending Tests of Stay-bolts. Mr. Cole has made a bending ma-chine to ascertain the life of staybolts be-ing constantly under bending strain, but.according to Mr. Gus Henning and otherauthorities, the machine does not repre-sent actual conditions, and therefore theresults are not as exhaustive as theymight have been. It is admitted that staybolts are injuredless by direct steam pressure than by thebending action of the sheets due to vari-ous causes, and the aim is to decreasethese injurious action

. American engineer and railroad journal . steel bolts were vibrated 500,000 timeswithout failure, and on some of them the test was continuedwithout failure to 1,000,000 vibrations. These lists demonstratedthat the bolt is not stressed beyond the clastic limit under thesesevere conditions and that the probability of its failure in lesssevere conditions is very remote. The extent of the expansion work which can take place in thefirebox of a boiler can readily be calculated. Distance between stay-bolts, 4 ins. Temperature of inside sheet, 4000 F. Temperature of outside sheet, too0 F. Coefficient Stock Photo

RM2CH1MHR–. American engineer and railroad journal . steel bolts were vibrated 500,000 timeswithout failure, and on some of them the test was continuedwithout failure to 1,000,000 vibrations. These lists demonstratedthat the bolt is not stressed beyond the clastic limit under thesesevere conditions and that the probability of its failure in lesssevere conditions is very remote. The extent of the expansion work which can take place in thefirebox of a boiler can readily be calculated. Distance between stay-bolts, 4 ins. Temperature of inside sheet, 4000 F. Temperature of outside sheet, too0 F. Coefficient

. Locomotive text for engineers and firemen; a complete treatise on the engine, electric head-light and standard code of train rules . changes in fire-box temperature cause asudden and continuous contraction and expansion ofthe flues and sheets. This contraction and expansioncause the sheets to crack and the flues to leak. CARE OF THE BOILER. Water should never be put on a sheet that hasbecome red hot, as the water is likely to crack thesheet and cause it to be forced off the stay-bolts. Ifmud or scales accumulate on the crown-sheet, thoseparts of the sheet where the mud or scales are locatedw Stock Photo

RM2CGYPGT–. Locomotive text for engineers and firemen; a complete treatise on the engine, electric head-light and standard code of train rules . changes in fire-box temperature cause asudden and continuous contraction and expansion ofthe flues and sheets. This contraction and expansioncause the sheets to crack and the flues to leak. CARE OF THE BOILER. Water should never be put on a sheet that hasbecome red hot, as the water is likely to crack thesheet and cause it to be forced off the stay-bolts. Ifmud or scales accumulate on the crown-sheet, thoseparts of the sheet where the mud or scales are locatedw

. Locomotive text for engineers and firemen; a complete treatise on the engine, electric head-light and standard code of train rules . Z&.7. The Locomotive Fire-Box. The modern fire-boxof a locomotive is rectangular in shape (Fig. 9), andconsists of side sheets (E), crown-sheet (U), backsheet (C) and flue sheet (Y). The fire-box is sub-jected to a crushing strain. The sheets of the fire-boxare supported by means of stay-bolts (w), screwedthrough the outside and inside sheets and riveted. LOCOMOTIVE BOILER. 25 Stock Photo

RM2CGYRA9–. Locomotive text for engineers and firemen; a complete treatise on the engine, electric head-light and standard code of train rules . Z&.7. The Locomotive Fire-Box. The modern fire-boxof a locomotive is rectangular in shape (Fig. 9), andconsists of side sheets (E), crown-sheet (U), backsheet (C) and flue sheet (Y). The fire-box is sub-jected to a crushing strain. The sheets of the fire-boxare supported by means of stay-bolts (w), screwedthrough the outside and inside sheets and riveted. LOCOMOTIVE BOILER. 25

. Railway mechanical engineer . guides are back in theirplace, having been planed and ground, the lagging has beenapplied and the jacket is in place. The heads of the Tatestaybolts have been removed and replaced, and all the stay-bolts examined. As stated above, the flues were removedat 6:35 p, m. The new ones were applied complete in 1liour and 25 minutes after the old ones had been removed.During the night the superheater ball joints were ground andunits replaced. The front end netting was put in position,the side rods were hung and a large amount of the piping -)U4 RAILWAY MECHAXICAL ENGINE Stock Photo

RM2CNCM2K–. Railway mechanical engineer . guides are back in theirplace, having been planed and ground, the lagging has beenapplied and the jacket is in place. The heads of the Tatestaybolts have been removed and replaced, and all the stay-bolts examined. As stated above, the flues were removedat 6:35 p, m. The new ones were applied complete in 1liour and 25 minutes after the old ones had been removed.During the night the superheater ball joints were ground andunits replaced. The front end netting was put in position,the side rods were hung and a large amount of the piping -)U4 RAILWAY MECHAXICAL ENGINE

. Canadian machinery and metalworking (July-December 1917) . Supplied with Leadscrew Attachment for Stay Bolts or other work requiringspecial Accuracy of Pitch. WRITE US FOR FULL DETAILS ON ANY MACHINE OR MACHINESIN WHICH YOU ARE INTERESTED The John Bertram & Sons Company Limited MONTREAL 723 Drummond Bldg. Dundas, Ontario, Canada TORONTO VANCOUVER 1002 C.P.R. Bldg. 609 Bank of Ottawa Bldg. WINNIPEG1205 McArthur Bldg MMIM WPlilli. // any advertisement interests you, iear it out now and place with letters to be answered. CANADIAN MACHINERY Volume XVIII. Stock Photo

RM2CDDEAK–. Canadian machinery and metalworking (July-December 1917) . Supplied with Leadscrew Attachment for Stay Bolts or other work requiringspecial Accuracy of Pitch. WRITE US FOR FULL DETAILS ON ANY MACHINE OR MACHINESIN WHICH YOU ARE INTERESTED The John Bertram & Sons Company Limited MONTREAL 723 Drummond Bldg. Dundas, Ontario, Canada TORONTO VANCOUVER 1002 C.P.R. Bldg. 609 Bank of Ottawa Bldg. WINNIPEG1205 McArthur Bldg MMIM WPlilli. // any advertisement interests you, iear it out now and place with letters to be answered. CANADIAN MACHINERY Volume XVIII.

. Official proceedings . FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseTups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomo-tives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. Nicholson Thermic 5YPHDN5 Circulation. Stock Photo

RM2CRDCY8–. Official proceedings . FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseTups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomo-tives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. Nicholson Thermic 5YPHDN5 Circulation.

. American engineer and railroad journal . Fig. 10. SELF-ADJUSTING STAY-BOLTSFOR BELPAIRE BOILERSUSED ON AMERICAN RAIL-ROADS. ARRANGEMENT OF STAY-BOLTS IN AMERICANLOCOMOTIVE BOILERS. * Paper read before thelVermn/ur Eisenbahnkunde. able stay-bolts placed along the rim of the fire-box will befound to materially help in allowing the tubes to expandlongitudinally. Locomotives with corrugated furnaces manifest phenomenasimilar to those mentioned for marine boilers, except that they i66 THE AMERICAN ENGINEER [April, 1895. Fig. 11.OLD CONSTRUCTION OF TORPEDO-BOAT BOILERS.. Stock Photo

RM2CH000T–. American engineer and railroad journal . Fig. 10. SELF-ADJUSTING STAY-BOLTSFOR BELPAIRE BOILERSUSED ON AMERICAN RAIL-ROADS. ARRANGEMENT OF STAY-BOLTS IN AMERICANLOCOMOTIVE BOILERS. * Paper read before thelVermn/ur Eisenbahnkunde. able stay-bolts placed along the rim of the fire-box will befound to materially help in allowing the tubes to expandlongitudinally. Locomotives with corrugated furnaces manifest phenomenasimilar to those mentioned for marine boilers, except that they i66 THE AMERICAN ENGINEER [April, 1895. Fig. 11.OLD CONSTRUCTION OF TORPEDO-BOAT BOILERS..

. The railroad and engineering journal . 3. Pilar to Campana, Meiggss concession, without anyguarantee. We cancelled the folloving concessions: Parana toTartagal ; Villa Maria to Reconquista ; Ituzaingo to Posa-das ; Buenos Ayres to Riachuelo : Chacari to Trenque-lauquen ; Rio Quinto to Rosario ; Metropolitan Railroad ;Zarate to Toay ; Tigre to San Roque ; Nunez to Ria-chuelo ; Villaguay to Colon ; San Nicolas to Rufino ; Cata-marca to Buenos Ayres ; Concordia to Concepcion ; Villa. and the fire-box was secured by stay-bolts arranged in themanner shown in the sketches, so that the boilers wer Stock Photo

RM2CH0CFT–. The railroad and engineering journal . 3. Pilar to Campana, Meiggss concession, without anyguarantee. We cancelled the folloving concessions: Parana toTartagal ; Villa Maria to Reconquista ; Ituzaingo to Posa-das ; Buenos Ayres to Riachuelo : Chacari to Trenque-lauquen ; Rio Quinto to Rosario ; Metropolitan Railroad ;Zarate to Toay ; Tigre to San Roque ; Nunez to Ria-chuelo ; Villaguay to Colon ; San Nicolas to Rufino ; Cata-marca to Buenos Ayres ; Concordia to Concepcion ; Villa. and the fire-box was secured by stay-bolts arranged in themanner shown in the sketches, so that the boilers wer

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . ue shade, the water does notcontain earthy matter or alkali. If a The Falls Hollow Staybolt Company,of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, have issued alittle pamphlet on the subject of RailwayMotive Power Expenses. Three aspectsof the case are dealt with. Broken Stay-bolts being the first, Bad Water comesnext and Imperfect Combustion is thethird. The pamphlet is written by Mr.John Livingston of Montreal, the Cana-dian representative of the company. Inaddition to the writers own experienceand observation i Stock Photo

RM2CH75N1–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . ue shade, the water does notcontain earthy matter or alkali. If a The Falls Hollow Staybolt Company,of Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, have issued alittle pamphlet on the subject of RailwayMotive Power Expenses. Three aspectsof the case are dealt with. Broken Stay-bolts being the first, Bad Water comesnext and Imperfect Combustion is thethird. The pamphlet is written by Mr.John Livingston of Montreal, the Cana-dian representative of the company. Inaddition to the writers own experienceand observation i

. Official proceedings . QUUtT Air Grinder FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomotives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA. Stock Photo

RM2CRCHNT–. Official proceedings . QUUtT Air Grinder FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomotives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.

. Official proceedings . Electric Tools FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomotives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. HUNT-SPILLER IRON HAS THE Stock Photo

RM2CR2CXN–. Official proceedings . Electric Tools FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomotives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. HUNT-SPILLER IRON HAS THE

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . unable to counteract the expansion andcontraction with the solid stay bolt,discussion centered on flexible stay bolts. it, for iron has capacity to convey tothe water the heat it obtains from theiire, however fierce; but if burning iscommenced at the inner end of thestay bolt, it will extend outward and im-peril the sheet immediately around it.Though riveted close to the plate theinner end of the bolt is only mechan-ically in touch with the plate, and can-not exercise the functions of the she Stock Photo

RM2CPXK9A–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . unable to counteract the expansion andcontraction with the solid stay bolt,discussion centered on flexible stay bolts. it, for iron has capacity to convey tothe water the heat it obtains from theiire, however fierce; but if burning iscommenced at the inner end of thestay bolt, it will extend outward and im-peril the sheet immediately around it.Though riveted close to the plate theinner end of the bolt is only mechan-ically in touch with the plate, and can-not exercise the functions of the she

. Official proceedings . The Compressor with the Simplate Valve FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution 3f your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomo-tives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. Stock Photo

RM2CPFDX1–. Official proceedings . The Compressor with the Simplate Valve FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution 3f your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomo-tives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA..

. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . POSITION WHEN WORKING COMPOUND Fig. 3 ■y^ To .tiiiosphere. ZocomodrY EngineeringPOSITION WHEN WORKING AS SIMPLE ENGINE Fig. 4INTERCEPTING VALVE OF RlrHMOND COMPOUND. or punching their stay bolts, as they findthe Falls Hollow Bolt is not only moreeconomical at first cost, but more lastingand better in every way. We have received from the Peggy Com-pany, of Cincinnati, a small case for hold-ing chewing gum, which is reported tobe very popular with those who partakein the indulgence which the contents ofth Stock Photo

RM2CH0BDP–. Locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . POSITION WHEN WORKING COMPOUND Fig. 3 ■y^ To .tiiiosphere. ZocomodrY EngineeringPOSITION WHEN WORKING AS SIMPLE ENGINE Fig. 4INTERCEPTING VALVE OF RlrHMOND COMPOUND. or punching their stay bolts, as they findthe Falls Hollow Bolt is not only moreeconomical at first cost, but more lastingand better in every way. We have received from the Peggy Com-pany, of Cincinnati, a small case for hold-ing chewing gum, which is reported tobe very popular with those who partakein the indulgence which the contents ofth

. Railroad construction. Theory and practice . ox surface byhaving the outside boiler-plates parallel to the fire-box platesand separated from them by a space of about 3. The platesare then mutually held by stay-bolts. See Fig. 189. Theseare about in diameter and spaced 4 to y, The f^ hole, 344 RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. §318. drilled li deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escapeof steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal to that at the root of the screw-threads. Thismethod of supporting the Stock Photo

RM2CH4RA8–. Railroad construction. Theory and practice . ox surface byhaving the outside boiler-plates parallel to the fire-box platesand separated from them by a space of about 3. The platesare then mutually held by stay-bolts. See Fig. 189. Theseare about in diameter and spaced 4 to y, The f^ hole, 344 RAILROAD CONSTRUCTION. §318. drilled li deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escapeof steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal to that at the root of the screw-threads. Thismethod of supporting the

. American engineer and railroad journal . o clamp the bolt so securely In the mswhlne thatthe movement of the projecting end was scarcely appreciable. The spring pressure used in all cases was 2,400 pounds, cor-responding to the strain exerted by the steam pressure in aboiler where the stay-bolts are spaced 4 inches center to center,with a steam pressure of 150 pounds per square Inch. It ia clearly shown, I think, by these tests, that the prin-ciple of the machine is correct, and that the solid durablemanner in which it is designed eliminates most of the vari-ables which have hitherto made th Stock Photo

RM2CGX89M–. American engineer and railroad journal . o clamp the bolt so securely In the mswhlne thatthe movement of the projecting end was scarcely appreciable. The spring pressure used in all cases was 2,400 pounds, cor-responding to the strain exerted by the steam pressure in aboiler where the stay-bolts are spaced 4 inches center to center,with a steam pressure of 150 pounds per square Inch. It ia clearly shown, I think, by these tests, that the prin-ciple of the machine is correct, and that the solid durablemanner in which it is designed eliminates most of the vari-ables which have hitherto made th

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . rs. Those of Mr.J. J. Hannahan, grand master, and Mr.W. S. Carter, secretary-treasurer, appearfirst, followed by the vice grand mastersand the others in order of rank. Theofficers of the Ladies Society are also inevidence. Altogether, the souvenir is awork of art and is a most delightfulmemento of the Brotherhoods visit tothe Bison City. The Falls Hollow Stay Bolt Com-pany have recently been receiving largeorders from Norway for their hollowstay bolts. A curious thing aboutthese stay bolts is Stock Photo

RM2CH64NC–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . rs. Those of Mr.J. J. Hannahan, grand master, and Mr.W. S. Carter, secretary-treasurer, appearfirst, followed by the vice grand mastersand the others in order of rank. Theofficers of the Ladies Society are also inevidence. Altogether, the souvenir is awork of art and is a most delightfulmemento of the Brotherhoods visit tothe Bison City. The Falls Hollow Stay Bolt Com-pany have recently been receiving largeorders from Norway for their hollowstay bolts. A curious thing aboutthese stay bolts is

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . graphic chart shows therelation between the percentage of defective steam loco-motives and the number of accidents and casualties topersons resulting from failure thereof, and illustrates theeffect of operating locomotives in a defective conditionfrom the viewpoint of safety. Reduced Body Stay Bolts Attention has been called to the danger resulting fromthe use of reduced body stay bolts having telltale holeswhich do not extend into the reduced section at least five- February, 1928 RAILWAY AND Stock Photo

RM2CH4H61–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . graphic chart shows therelation between the percentage of defective steam loco-motives and the number of accidents and casualties topersons resulting from failure thereof, and illustrates theeffect of operating locomotives in a defective conditionfrom the viewpoint of safety. Reduced Body Stay Bolts Attention has been called to the danger resulting fromthe use of reduced body stay bolts having telltale holeswhich do not extend into the reduced section at least five- February, 1928 RAILWAY AND

. The railroad and engineering journal . ficient of expansion ofthe copper plates of the inner fire-box and the iron or steelplates of the outer shell. The strain caused by this un-equal expansion is transmitted through stay-bolts whichare necessarily very short, and are hence subject to un-equal strains and frequently break. It is well known that Cylindrical fire-boxes were used from 15 to 20 years agoby Kaselowsky, and there are several later instances oftheir use in locomotives. In America they have been usedin the Strong locomotive, in that case a double fire-boxbeing provided. The use of Stock Photo

RM2CPFW7X–. The railroad and engineering journal . ficient of expansion ofthe copper plates of the inner fire-box and the iron or steelplates of the outer shell. The strain caused by this un-equal expansion is transmitted through stay-bolts whichare necessarily very short, and are hence subject to un-equal strains and frequently break. It is well known that Cylindrical fire-boxes were used from 15 to 20 years agoby Kaselowsky, and there are several later instances oftheir use in locomotives. In America they have been usedin the Strong locomotive, in that case a double fire-boxbeing provided. The use of

. The railroad and engineering journal . al way. The total heating surface was nearly asgreat as that of a boiler with the ordinary fire-box, owingto the increased length of the tubes. In this way a boilerwas built without the stay-bolts usually required. The locomotive with this boiler was put into serviceabout the end of 1879, and was employed in regular work 222 THE RAILROAD AND [May, 1890. until 1886. The experience gained during these yearsshowed that the apprehension felt that the shocks experi-enced on the road in service might affect the durability ofthe boiler were unfounded. Hy the u Stock Photo

RM2CPC7W5–. The railroad and engineering journal . al way. The total heating surface was nearly asgreat as that of a boiler with the ordinary fire-box, owingto the increased length of the tubes. In this way a boilerwas built without the stay-bolts usually required. The locomotive with this boiler was put into serviceabout the end of 1879, and was employed in regular work 222 THE RAILROAD AND [May, 1890. until 1886. The experience gained during these yearsshowed that the apprehension felt that the shocks experi-enced on the road in service might affect the durability ofthe boiler were unfounded. Hy the u

. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools, and a hand-book for the use of engineers in field and office . ggfF^Wi4J are then mutually held by stay-bolts. See Fig. 189. Theseare about | in diameter and spaced 4 to 4|. The ^ hole,drilled U deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escape §403. ROLLING-STOCK. 437 of steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal to that at the root of the screw-threads. Thismethod of supporting the Stock Photo

RM2CR6NDB–. Railroad construction, theory and practice; a text-book for the use of students in colleges and technical schools, and a hand-book for the use of engineers in field and office . ggfF^Wi4J are then mutually held by stay-bolts. See Fig. 189. Theseare about | in diameter and spaced 4 to 4|. The ^ hole,drilled U deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escape §403. ROLLING-STOCK. 437 of steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal to that at the root of the screw-threads. Thismethod of supporting the

. American engineer and railroad journal . under consideration aud tried a scheme to relieve stay-bolts by indenting the sheets around them. This, he says, placesthe iron in such a shape in the sheet as to allow it to spring whenthe expansion of the sheet and staybolt takes place. A plan for accomplishing about the same thing has recentlybeen tried on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway, and isshown in Figs. 7 and 8. This consists in cupping the side and backfirebox sheets at the staybolts after the manner indicated by thesketch. This was first applied by Mr. George F. Wilson, Super-int Stock Photo

RM2CR54WJ–. American engineer and railroad journal . under consideration aud tried a scheme to relieve stay-bolts by indenting the sheets around them. This, he says, placesthe iron in such a shape in the sheet as to allow it to spring whenthe expansion of the sheet and staybolt takes place. A plan for accomplishing about the same thing has recentlybeen tried on the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway, and isshown in Figs. 7 and 8. This consists in cupping the side and backfirebox sheets at the staybolts after the manner indicated by thesketch. This was first applied by Mr. George F. Wilson, Super-int

. American engineer and railroad journal . in.,and screwed into them and further secured by one in the backtube sheet and two at the-front, like the through lira,mentioned. Finally, there are two 24 in. through braces be-tween the furn;i The stayins of the combustion chambers is effected by stay-bolts 1; in. diameter spaced 8 in. apart, both horizontally and. >ao HO WK o HO sooo ■J ao S m E- B« < H•<H CO QW = bO00 M•J 3oq Vol. LXVIII, No. 5] AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. 207 Stock Photo

RM2CR5W93–. American engineer and railroad journal . in.,and screwed into them and further secured by one in the backtube sheet and two at the-front, like the through lira,mentioned. Finally, there are two 24 in. through braces be-tween the furn;i The stayins of the combustion chambers is effected by stay-bolts 1; in. diameter spaced 8 in. apart, both horizontally and. >ao HO WK o HO sooo ■J ao S m E- B« < H•<H CO QW = bO00 M•J 3oq Vol. LXVIII, No. 5] AND RAILROAD JOURNAL. 207

. The railroad and engineering journal . ARRANGEMENT OF RIVETS. thus have the novelty of a locomotive boiler entirely with-out stay-bolts. The grate area is 62 square feet, and thetotal heating surface is 1,848 square feet. Figs. 7 to 12represent the cylinders and valves of this engine, and figs-14 to 16 the valve-gear, which is described as follows bythe inventor: It is a well-recognized fact in steam engineering thatthe best engine is the one that gives the highest initialand lowest terminal pressures, provided it is tight and isworking up to its full capacity (/. e., has a full load). Todo Stock Photo

RM2CH5C87–. The railroad and engineering journal . ARRANGEMENT OF RIVETS. thus have the novelty of a locomotive boiler entirely with-out stay-bolts. The grate area is 62 square feet, and thetotal heating surface is 1,848 square feet. Figs. 7 to 12represent the cylinders and valves of this engine, and figs-14 to 16 the valve-gear, which is described as follows bythe inventor: It is a well-recognized fact in steam engineering thatthe best engine is the one that gives the highest initialand lowest terminal pressures, provided it is tight and isworking up to its full capacity (/. e., has a full load). Todo

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . lding machine isavailable at the point of repairs, the engine can bef)laced in service after the new tube has been set andbeaded in the ordinary manner, the final operation ofwelding being left to the first opportunity. When welding cracks that occur between stay-boltsthe bolts should first be removed and the crackschipped clean with a diamond-point chisel. Afterwelding is accomplished, tiie stay holes must be re-tapped and new stay-bolts applied in the usual manner. Boiler check joints and o Stock Photo

RM2CR3YDJ–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . lding machine isavailable at the point of repairs, the engine can bef)laced in service after the new tube has been set andbeaded in the ordinary manner, the final operation ofwelding being left to the first opportunity. When welding cracks that occur between stay-boltsthe bolts should first be removed and the crackschipped clean with a diamond-point chisel. Afterwelding is accomplished, tiie stay holes must be re-tapped and new stay-bolts applied in the usual manner. Boiler check joints and o

RM2CRDJG1–. Official proceedings . FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseTups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomo-tives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA. □. Nicholson Thermic 5YPHDN5 Every locom

. Railroad construction. Theory and practice. A textbook for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . box surface byhaving the outside boiler-plates parallel to the fire-box platesand separated from them by a space of about 3. The platesare then mutually held by stay-bolts. See Fig. 189. Theseare about y in diameter and spaced 4 to 4J. The jV ^^le, 372 KAILBOAD CONSTRUCTION. §318. drilled 1^ deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escapeof steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal Stock Photo

RM2CGWH3D–. Railroad construction. Theory and practice. A textbook for the use of students in colleges and technical schools . box surface byhaving the outside boiler-plates parallel to the fire-box platesand separated from them by a space of about 3. The platesare then mutually held by stay-bolts. See Fig. 189. Theseare about y in diameter and spaced 4 to 4J. The jV ^^le, 372 KAILBOAD CONSTRUCTION. §318. drilled 1^ deep, indicated in the figure, will allow the escapeof steam if the bolt breaks just behind the plate, and thus callsattention to the break. The stay-bolts are turned down to adiameter equal

RM2CRE51E–. Official proceedings . FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical Greaseups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomo-tives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. Nicholson Thermic I o U n

. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . lllvCrillS A Practical Journal of Motive Power, Rolling Stock and Appliances Vol. XXXII 114 Liberty Street, New York, November, 1919 No. 11 The Deflection of Staybolts For many years the breakage of stay-bolts in locomotive boilers has been asource of danger and this danger wasemphasized very shortly after the loco-motive took its rapid leap ahead in sizewhen it was found that it was no longernecessary to limit firebox dimensions to By Geo. L. Fowler when the boiler was working under normalco Stock Photo

RM2CH25C1–. Railway and locomotive engineering : a practical journal of railway motive power and rolling stock . lllvCrillS A Practical Journal of Motive Power, Rolling Stock and Appliances Vol. XXXII 114 Liberty Street, New York, November, 1919 No. 11 The Deflection of Staybolts For many years the breakage of stay-bolts in locomotive boilers has been asource of danger and this danger wasemphasized very shortly after the loco-motive took its rapid leap ahead in sizewhen it was found that it was no longernecessary to limit firebox dimensions to By Geo. L. Fowler when the boiler was working under normalco

RM2CRC35B–. Official proceedings . QUUtT Air Grinder FLANNERYGREASE CUPS are the solution of your Grease Cupproblems. A patented locking device holdsthe plug in place—cannot come offor become lost. The simplest, mosteffective, most economical GreaseCups yet designed for railroadservice. Flannery Grease Cups should be installed on your locomotives today. Write us about your requirements. We also manufacture F. B. C. Welded Flexible, Stay-bolts, Tate Threaded Flexible Staybolts, Water Spaceand Radial Stays. Flannery Bolt Company FLANNERY BUILDING, 3528 FORBES STREET,PITTSBURGH, PA.. HUNT-SPILLER IRON HAS

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