Troostite Stock Photos and Images
Glowing Rock under UV Light Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-glowing-rock-under-uv-light-122113344.htmlRMH2JMPT–Glowing Rock under UV Light
Troostite (willemite), calcite and franklinite from Franklin, New Jersey. The pinkish mineral is troostite, a manganese rich variety of willemite, ZnSi2O4. The white mineral is calcite, CaCO3. The black mineral is franklinite, a spinel mineral having general formula ZnFe2O4. This sample, from the world famous mineral collecting locality in Franklin, New Jersey, is 9 cm across. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/troostite-willemite-calcite-and-franklinite-from-franklin-new-jersey-the-pinkish-mineral-is-troostite-a-manganese-rich-variety-of-willemite-znsi2o4-the-white-mineral-is-calcite-caco3-the-black-mineral-is-franklinite-a-spinel-mineral-having-general-formula-znfe2o4-this-sample-from-the-world-famous-mineral-collecting-locality-in-franklin-new-jersey-is-9-cm-across-image470118918.htmlRF2J8RNDA–Troostite (willemite), calcite and franklinite from Franklin, New Jersey. The pinkish mineral is troostite, a manganese rich variety of willemite, ZnSi2O4. The white mineral is calcite, CaCO3. The black mineral is franklinite, a spinel mineral having general formula ZnFe2O4. This sample, from the world famous mineral collecting locality in Franklin, New Jersey, is 9 cm across.
Willemite crystal Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/willemite-crystal-image216239420.htmlRMPFPFGC–Willemite crystal
. Transactions. Fig. 19.—Slag in Kail-Steel.Magnified 50 Diameters. Fig. 22.—Austenite and Troostite.Magnified 50 Diameters. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/transactions-fig-19slag-in-kail-steelmagnified-50-diameters-fig-22austenite-and-troostitemagnified-50-diameters-image336694219.htmlRM2AFNMWF–. Transactions. Fig. 19.—Slag in Kail-Steel.Magnified 50 Diameters. Fig. 22.—Austenite and Troostite.Magnified 50 Diameters.
. Transactions. Fig. 19.—Slag in Kail-Steel.Magnified 50 Diameters. Fig. 22.—Austenite and Troostite.Magnified 50 Diameters.. Fig. 20.—Tike-Steel, Burned.Magnified 60 Diameters. Fig. 23.—Troostite and Austenite.Magnified 50 Diameters. Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/transactions-fig-19slag-in-kail-steelmagnified-50-diameters-fig-22austenite-and-troostitemagnified-50-diameters-fig-20tike-steel-burnedmagnified-60-diameters-fig-23troostite-and-austenitemagnified-50-diameters-image336693949.htmlRM2AFNMFW–. Transactions. Fig. 19.—Slag in Kail-Steel.Magnified 50 Diameters. Fig. 22.—Austenite and Troostite.Magnified 50 Diameters.. Fig. 20.—Tike-Steel, Burned.Magnified 60 Diameters. Fig. 23.—Troostite and Austenite.Magnified 50 Diameters.
The Iron and steel magazine . und mass is saturated withcementite. The amount of troostite will be the smaller thehigher the quenching temperature, because the crystals withincreasing temperature are more quickly saturated with cemen-tite, and also the longer the heating at a given temperature hascontinued, whereby time is given to the troostite to change intothe crystalline martensite. 204 The Iron and Steel Magazine On heating we have thus at 9000 C. the constituents cement-ite, martensite and troostite. If the condition could be keptcompletely unchanged through the cooling, only these three Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-iron-and-steel-magazine-und-mass-is-saturated-withcementite-the-amount-of-troostite-will-be-the-smaller-thehigher-the-quenching-temperature-because-the-crystals-withincreasing-temperature-are-more-quickly-saturated-with-cemen-tite-and-also-the-longer-the-heating-at-a-given-temperature-hascontinued-whereby-time-is-given-to-the-troostite-to-change-intothe-crystalline-martensite-204-the-iron-and-steel-magazine-on-heating-we-have-thus-at-9000-c-the-constituents-cement-ite-martensite-and-troostite-if-the-condition-could-be-keptcompletely-unchanged-through-the-cooling-only-these-three-image339946109.htmlRM2AN1TMD–The Iron and steel magazine . und mass is saturated withcementite. The amount of troostite will be the smaller thehigher the quenching temperature, because the crystals withincreasing temperature are more quickly saturated with cemen-tite, and also the longer the heating at a given temperature hascontinued, whereby time is given to the troostite to change intothe crystalline martensite. 204 The Iron and Steel Magazine On heating we have thus at 9000 C. the constituents cement-ite, martensite and troostite. If the condition could be keptcompletely unchanged through the cooling, only these three
The Iron and steel magazine . ed by the massof austenite. Very interesting is the observation that the austen-ite, which appears in high carbon steel only when quenched froma very high temperature, is found in cast iron at considerably * The author here evidently reverses the generally accepted mean-ings of austenite and martensite, by which the latter is considered as adisintegration product of the former. — Editor. Iron ( arbon . I lloys 205 Lower temperatures; and also the simultaneous appearandaustenite beside troostite. Quite similar conditions arc found in gray cast iron. [fwe examine th Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-iron-and-steel-magazine-ed-by-the-massof-austenite-very-interesting-is-the-observation-that-the-austen-ite-which-appears-in-high-carbon-steel-only-when-quenched-froma-very-high-temperature-is-found-in-cast-iron-at-considerably-the-author-here-evidently-reverses-the-generally-accepted-mean-ings-of-austenite-and-martensite-by-which-the-latter-is-considered-as-adisintegration-product-of-the-former-editor-iron-arbon-i-lloys-205-lower-temperatures-and-also-the-simultaneous-appearandaustenite-beside-troostite-quite-similar-conditions-arc-found-in-gray-cast-iron-fwe-examine-th-image339945576.htmlRM2AN1T1C–The Iron and steel magazine . ed by the massof austenite. Very interesting is the observation that the austen-ite, which appears in high carbon steel only when quenched froma very high temperature, is found in cast iron at considerably * The author here evidently reverses the generally accepted mean-ings of austenite and martensite, by which the latter is considered as adisintegration product of the former. — Editor. Iron ( arbon . I lloys 205 Lower temperatures; and also the simultaneous appearandaustenite beside troostite. Quite similar conditions arc found in gray cast iron. [fwe examine th
. Transactions. is shown in Figs. 2 and 3,magnified respectively 50 and 100 diameters. The purelymartensitic character of the shell of the case will benoted, as well as the occurrence of troostite and its gradualincrease. In Fig. 2 the wide black band is pure troostite.The martensitic grains owe their polyhedral form to theoriginal austenitic grains from which they are derived.Some of the grains are surrounded by troostitic membranes. Treatment B.—Same as treatment A, but lasting 5 hr. Results.—Case of the same character, but measuring 1.7 mm. inthickness and the martensitic portion 0.9 mm. Tr Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/transactions-is-shown-in-figs-2-and-3magnified-respectively-50-and-100-diameters-the-purelymartensitic-character-of-the-shell-of-the-case-will-benoted-as-well-as-the-occurrence-of-troostite-and-its-gradualincrease-in-fig-2-the-wide-black-band-is-pure-troostitethe-martensitic-grains-owe-their-polyhedral-form-to-theoriginal-austenitic-grains-from-which-they-are-derivedsome-of-the-grains-are-surrounded-by-troostitic-membranes-treatment-bsame-as-treatment-a-but-lasting-5-hr-resultscase-of-the-same-character-but-measuring-17-mm-inthickness-and-the-martensitic-portion-09-mm-tr-image336702137.htmlRM2AFP309–. Transactions. is shown in Figs. 2 and 3,magnified respectively 50 and 100 diameters. The purelymartensitic character of the shell of the case will benoted, as well as the occurrence of troostite and its gradualincrease. In Fig. 2 the wide black band is pure troostite.The martensitic grains owe their polyhedral form to theoriginal austenitic grains from which they are derived.Some of the grains are surrounded by troostitic membranes. Treatment B.—Same as treatment A, but lasting 5 hr. Results.—Case of the same character, but measuring 1.7 mm. inthickness and the martensitic portion 0.9 mm. Tr
. Transactions. Fig. 20.—Tike-Steel, Burned.Magnified 60 Diameters. Fig. 23.—Troostite and Austenite.Magnified 50 Diameters.. Fig. 21.—Cementite and Pearlite. Fig. 24.—Lementite and Maktensite.Magnified 60 Diameters. Magnified 250 Diameters. THE MICROSTRUCTUKE OF IRON AND STEEL. 503 nothing but fine-grained austenite. On cooling down again,the ferrite separates out as before; but now it is confined tovery small grains of austenite, and hence the resulting structureis fine. Fig. 5 shows the same steel heated to 850° C. and thusrefined. It is not uncommon to find that such a treatment has notcom Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/transactions-fig-20tike-steel-burnedmagnified-60-diameters-fig-23troostite-and-austenitemagnified-50-diameters-fig-21cementite-and-pearlite-fig-24lementite-and-maktensitemagnified-60-diameters-magnified-250-diameters-the-microstructuke-of-iron-and-steel-503-nothing-but-fine-grained-austenite-on-cooling-down-againthe-ferrite-separates-out-as-before-but-now-it-is-confined-tovery-small-grains-of-austenite-and-hence-the-resulting-structureis-fine-fig-5-shows-the-same-steel-heated-to-850-c-and-thusrefined-it-is-not-uncommon-to-find-that-such-a-treatment-has-notcom-image336693713.htmlRM2AFNM7D–. Transactions. Fig. 20.—Tike-Steel, Burned.Magnified 60 Diameters. Fig. 23.—Troostite and Austenite.Magnified 50 Diameters.. Fig. 21.—Cementite and Pearlite. Fig. 24.—Lementite and Maktensite.Magnified 60 Diameters. Magnified 250 Diameters. THE MICROSTRUCTUKE OF IRON AND STEEL. 503 nothing but fine-grained austenite. On cooling down again,the ferrite separates out as before; but now it is confined tovery small grains of austenite, and hence the resulting structureis fine. Fig. 5 shows the same steel heated to 850° C. and thusrefined. It is not uncommon to find that such a treatment has notcom
A popular guide to minerals : with chapters on the Bement Collection of minerals in the American Museum of Natural History, and the development of mineralogy . 5 Warwickite 187, 305 Washingtonite 280 Wattevillite 309 Wavellite 183, 185, 186, 304 Webskyite 299 Wellsite 315 Wernerite 155, 168, 292, 294 Whewellite 311 Wichtisite 315 Wilcoxite 299 Willemite (Troostite) . .154, 161, 292 Williamsite 180 Winkworthite 305 Witherite 192, 197 Wohlerite 154, 161, 289 Worthite 293 Wolframite 188, 310 Wollastonite 153, 156, 289. 291 Wood-Opal 278 Woodwardite 190 Wnlfenite 188, 311 Wnrtzite 121 330 MINERAL Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/a-popular-guide-to-minerals-with-chapters-on-the-bement-collection-of-minerals-in-the-american-museum-of-natural-history-and-the-development-of-mineralogy-5-warwickite-187-305-washingtonite-280-wattevillite-309-wavellite-183-185-186-304-webskyite-299-wellsite-315-wernerite-155-168-292-294-whewellite-311-wichtisite-315-wilcoxite-299-willemite-troostite-154-161-292-williamsite-180-winkworthite-305-witherite-192-197-wohlerite-154-161-289-worthite-293-wolframite-188-310-wollastonite-153-156-289-291-wood-opal-278-woodwardite-190-wnlfenite-188-311-wnrtzite-121-330-mineral-image342914657.htmlRM2AWW341–A popular guide to minerals : with chapters on the Bement Collection of minerals in the American Museum of Natural History, and the development of mineralogy . 5 Warwickite 187, 305 Washingtonite 280 Wattevillite 309 Wavellite 183, 185, 186, 304 Webskyite 299 Wellsite 315 Wernerite 155, 168, 292, 294 Whewellite 311 Wichtisite 315 Wilcoxite 299 Willemite (Troostite) . .154, 161, 292 Williamsite 180 Winkworthite 305 Witherite 192, 197 Wohlerite 154, 161, 289 Worthite 293 Wolframite 188, 310 Wollastonite 153, 156, 289. 291 Wood-Opal 278 Woodwardite 190 Wnlfenite 188, 311 Wnrtzite 121 330 MINERAL
. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 2—A Diagram. Fig. 2, also from the Journal of the Franklin Institute,illustrates diagrammatically the mode of crystalline growth in a troostitic nodule. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 109. t Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-2a-diagram-fig-2-also-from-the-journal-of-the-franklin-instituteillustrates-diagrammatically-the-mode-of-crystalline-growth-in-a-troostitic-nodule-structure-and-nature-of-troostite-109-t-image376134400.htmlRM2CRXB7C–. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 2—A Diagram. Fig. 2, also from the Journal of the Franklin Institute,illustrates diagrammatically the mode of crystalline growth in a troostitic nodule. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 109. t
. The Bell System technical journal . Figs. 9 and 10—Mag. 3500X. Figs, 9 and 10 show two typical nodules alonggrain boundaries or crystallographic planes. The excess constituent, the radialgrains, some practically irresolvable and others fully resolved, and the center ofgrowth (in Fig. 9) are clearly revealed. 116 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL. Fig. 10—Mag. 3500X. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 117 Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-figs-9-and-10mag-3500x-figs-9-and-10-show-two-typical-nodules-alonggrain-boundaries-or-crystallographic-planes-the-excess-constituent-the-radialgrains-some-practically-irresolvable-and-others-fully-resolved-and-the-center-ofgrowth-in-fig-9-are-clearly-revealed-116-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-10mag-3500x-structure-and-nature-of-troostite-117-image376134333.htmlRM2CRXB51–. The Bell System technical journal . Figs. 9 and 10—Mag. 3500X. Figs, 9 and 10 show two typical nodules alonggrain boundaries or crystallographic planes. The excess constituent, the radialgrains, some practically irresolvable and others fully resolved, and the center ofgrowth (in Fig. 9) are clearly revealed. 116 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL. Fig. 10—Mag. 3500X. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 117
. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 10—Mag. 3500X. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 117. Fig. 11—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 11 illustrates the wide range in structure to befound in hardened steel. The background is martensite whicn contains a troostiticnodule. One grain of the nodule is fully laminated pearlite. The other grains arein all stages of stratification. 118 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-10mag-3500x-structure-and-nature-of-troostite-117-fig-11mag-3500x-fig-11-illustrates-the-wide-range-in-structure-to-befound-in-hardened-steel-the-background-is-martensite-whicn-contains-a-troostiticnodule-one-grain-of-the-nodule-is-fully-laminated-pearlite-the-other-grains-arein-all-stages-of-stratification-118-bell-system-technical-journal-image376133903.htmlRM2CRXAHK–. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 10—Mag. 3500X. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 117. Fig. 11—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 11 illustrates the wide range in structure to befound in hardened steel. The background is martensite whicn contains a troostiticnodule. One grain of the nodule is fully laminated pearlite. The other grains arein all stages of stratification. 118 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL
. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 12—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 12 illustrates the condition which prevails whengrowing nodules interfere and the whole area is troostite. Small fan-shaped grainsare found in the different stages of stratification. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 119. Fig. 13—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 13 is of a field similar to Fig. 12 except that amore advanced stage in stratification is present. This photograph is reproduced fromthe Proceedings of the Inlertiational Congress for Testing Materials. 120 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-12mag-3500x-fig-12-illustrates-the-condition-which-prevails-whengrowing-nodules-interfere-and-the-whole-area-is-troostite-small-fan-shaped-grainsare-found-in-the-different-stages-of-stratification-structure-and-nature-of-troostite-119-fig-13mag-3500x-fig-13-is-of-a-field-similar-to-fig-12-except-that-amore-advanced-stage-in-stratification-is-present-this-photograph-is-reproduced-fromthe-proceedings-of-the-inlertiational-congress-for-testing-materials-120-bell-system-technical-journal-image376133855.htmlRM2CRXAFY–. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 12—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 12 illustrates the condition which prevails whengrowing nodules interfere and the whole area is troostite. Small fan-shaped grainsare found in the different stages of stratification. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTITE 119. Fig. 13—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 13 is of a field similar to Fig. 12 except that amore advanced stage in stratification is present. This photograph is reproduced fromthe Proceedings of the Inlertiational Congress for Testing Materials. 120 BELL SYSTEM TECHNICAL JOURNAL
. Transactions. to Ariand B to Ar, in accordance with that adopted by Portevin/ Chevenardand the author for describing the same phenomena as found in widelydifferent steels. After showing that the transformation Ari of thisfigure represents the precipitation of cementite as troostite or a decompo-sition product, he says (p. 671): There now remains to be determined the exact nature of the transformation occur-ring at point B (Ar). The most universal opinion is that martensite is a metastablesolid solution of cementite and ferrite or alpha iron. The point B (Ar), thus fromthe foregoing, correspo Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/transactions-to-ariand-b-to-ar-in-accordance-with-that-adopted-by-portevin-chevenardand-the-author-for-describing-the-same-phenomena-as-found-in-widelydifferent-steels-after-showing-that-the-transformation-ari-of-thisfigure-represents-the-precipitation-of-cementite-as-troostite-or-a-decompo-sition-product-he-says-p-671-there-now-remains-to-be-determined-the-exact-nature-of-the-transformation-occur-ring-at-point-b-ar-the-most-universal-opinion-is-that-martensite-is-a-metastablesolid-solution-of-cementite-and-ferrite-or-alpha-iron-the-point-b-ar-thus-fromthe-foregoing-correspo-image370482771.htmlRM2CEMXFF–. Transactions. to Ariand B to Ar, in accordance with that adopted by Portevin/ Chevenardand the author for describing the same phenomena as found in widelydifferent steels. After showing that the transformation Ari of thisfigure represents the precipitation of cementite as troostite or a decompo-sition product, he says (p. 671): There now remains to be determined the exact nature of the transformation occur-ring at point B (Ar). The most universal opinion is that martensite is a metastablesolid solution of cementite and ferrite or alpha iron. The point B (Ar), thus fromthe foregoing, correspo
. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 8—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 8 shows a troostitic development which had formedalong an old austenitic grain boundary. The excess constituent is starting to clearat the grain boundary. Well developed pearlite is revealed. The large light-colored grain covering the center of the field is just starting to break up into two con-stituents. Formerly grains of this kind, becauseof lack of resolution, were thought tobe in all probability solid solution grains. These grains must represent a state verynearly that of freshly formed troostite. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOS Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-8mag-3500x-fig-8-shows-a-troostitic-development-which-had-formedalong-an-old-austenitic-grain-boundary-the-excess-constituent-is-starting-to-clearat-the-grain-boundary-well-developed-pearlite-is-revealed-the-large-light-colored-grain-covering-the-center-of-the-field-is-just-starting-to-break-up-into-two-con-stituents-formerly-grains-of-this-kind-becauseof-lack-of-resolution-were-thought-tobe-in-all-probability-solid-solution-grains-these-grains-must-represent-a-state-verynearly-that-of-freshly-formed-troostite-structure-and-nature-of-troos-image376134364.htmlRM2CRXB64–. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 8—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 8 shows a troostitic development which had formedalong an old austenitic grain boundary. The excess constituent is starting to clearat the grain boundary. Well developed pearlite is revealed. The large light-colored grain covering the center of the field is just starting to break up into two con-stituents. Formerly grains of this kind, becauseof lack of resolution, were thought tobe in all probability solid solution grains. These grains must represent a state verynearly that of freshly formed troostite. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOS
. The Bell System technical journal . #. Fig. 3—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 3 sliows the early stages in the formation of troos-titic nodules. The background will be recognized as martensite. The dark particlesare troostite. The field is on the border of an area containing large well developednodules. This position in the specimen is one in which thermal conditions promotedtne development of the needle structure but did not fully inhibit the development ofnodules. The very small dark particles are about five-millionths of an inch in diam-eter. The larger ones are from about ten to twenty times larger. no Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-3mag-3500x-fig-3-sliows-the-early-stages-in-the-formation-of-troos-titic-nodules-the-background-will-be-recognized-as-martensite-the-dark-particlesare-troostite-the-field-is-on-the-border-of-an-area-containing-large-well-developednodules-this-position-in-the-specimen-is-one-in-which-thermal-conditions-promotedtne-development-of-the-needle-structure-but-did-not-fully-inhibit-the-development-ofnodules-the-very-small-dark-particles-are-about-five-millionths-of-an-inch-in-diam-eter-the-larger-ones-are-from-about-ten-to-twenty-times-larger-no-image376134401.htmlRM2CRXB7D–. The Bell System technical journal . #. Fig. 3—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 3 sliows the early stages in the formation of troos-titic nodules. The background will be recognized as martensite. The dark particlesare troostite. The field is on the border of an area containing large well developednodules. This position in the specimen is one in which thermal conditions promotedtne development of the needle structure but did not fully inhibit the development ofnodules. The very small dark particles are about five-millionths of an inch in diam-eter. The larger ones are from about ten to twenty times larger. no
. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 4—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 4 shows a somewhat later period in development oftroostite. The troostite appears to have formed along grain boundaries. The excessconstituent is clearly seen, and here and there a laminated structure, pearlite. Evi-dently whatever the state of the carbide with reference to the iron in troostite—wnethei contained in solid solution as first formed or whether disposed as a fine aggre-gate with the iron—the condition must be very unstable, otherwise evidences of finelylaminated pearlite would be lacking. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTI Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/the-bell-system-technical-journal-fig-4mag-3500x-fig-4-shows-a-somewhat-later-period-in-development-oftroostite-the-troostite-appears-to-have-formed-along-grain-boundaries-the-excessconstituent-is-clearly-seen-and-here-and-there-a-laminated-structure-pearlite-evi-dently-whatever-the-state-of-the-carbide-with-reference-to-the-iron-in-troostitewnethei-contained-in-solid-solution-as-first-formed-or-whether-disposed-as-a-fine-aggre-gate-with-the-ironthe-condition-must-be-very-unstable-otherwise-evidences-of-finelylaminated-pearlite-would-be-lacking-structure-and-nature-of-troosti-image376134469.htmlRM2CRXB9W–. The Bell System technical journal . Fig. 4—Mag. 3500X. Fig. 4 shows a somewhat later period in development oftroostite. The troostite appears to have formed along grain boundaries. The excessconstituent is clearly seen, and here and there a laminated structure, pearlite. Evi-dently whatever the state of the carbide with reference to the iron in troostite—wnethei contained in solid solution as first formed or whether disposed as a fine aggre-gate with the iron—the condition must be very unstable, otherwise evidences of finelylaminated pearlite would be lacking. STRUCTURE AND NATURE OF TROOSTI
. Transactions. Fig. 48.—Quenched after 20 hr. .t Fig. 49.—Quenched after 20 hr at 800^ C. X 500. 800° C. X 500. All micrographs show temper carbon spots in solid solution areas. Speci-mens WERE etched with 5 PER CENT. NITRIC ACID IN ALCOHOL. 488 MALLEABLEIZING OF WHITE CAST IROX formed. Figs. 39, 40, 41, 43, and 45, representative of quenched speci-mens highly magnified, show the structure to consist essentially of mas-sive and spheroidized cementite in a matrix of martensite or troostite or amixture of the two. The dark areas in the matrix (Figs. 41, 43, 44, 45)are troostitic and are not to Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/transactions-fig-48quenched-after-20-hr-t-fig-49quenched-after-20-hr-at-800-c-x-500-800-c-x-500-all-micrographs-show-temper-carbon-spots-in-solid-solution-areas-speci-mens-were-etched-with-5-per-cent-nitric-acid-in-alcohol-488-malleableizing-of-white-cast-irox-formed-figs-39-40-41-43-and-45-representative-of-quenched-speci-mens-highly-magnified-show-the-structure-to-consist-essentially-of-mas-sive-and-spheroidized-cementite-in-a-matrix-of-martensite-or-troostite-or-amixture-of-the-two-the-dark-areas-in-the-matrix-figs-41-43-44-45are-troostitic-and-are-not-to-image370466568.htmlRM2CEM5TT–. Transactions. Fig. 48.—Quenched after 20 hr. .t Fig. 49.—Quenched after 20 hr at 800^ C. X 500. 800° C. X 500. All micrographs show temper carbon spots in solid solution areas. Speci-mens WERE etched with 5 PER CENT. NITRIC ACID IN ALCOHOL. 488 MALLEABLEIZING OF WHITE CAST IROX formed. Figs. 39, 40, 41, 43, and 45, representative of quenched speci-mens highly magnified, show the structure to consist essentially of mas-sive and spheroidized cementite in a matrix of martensite or troostite or amixture of the two. The dark areas in the matrix (Figs. 41, 43, 44, 45)are troostitic and are not to
, on peut, en ralentissant suffisamment le refroidissement, arriver à provoquer, dans les aciers au manganèse primitivement austénitiques, partiellement. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned Stock Photo")
. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. SÃANCE DU 9 JUILLET I917. 65 lamellaire en même temps que de la marlensile ou de l'auslénile, les amas de perlite présentant parfois les caractères morphologiques extérieurs habi- tuels de la troostite. Enfin, même en partant d'une haute température (i3oo"), on peut, en ralentissant suffisamment le refroidissement, arriver à provoquer, dans les aciers au manganèse primitivement austénitiques, partiellement. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comptes-rendus-hebdomadaires-des-sances-de-lacadmie-des-sciences-science-societies-etc-science-science-sance-du-9-juillet-i917-65-lamellaire-en-mme-temps-que-de-la-marlensile-ou-de-lauslnile-les-amas-de-perlite-prsentant-parfois-les-caractres-morphologiques-extrieurs-habi-tuels-de-la-troostite-enfin-mme-en-partant-dune-haute-temprature-i3ooquot-on-peut-en-ralentissant-suffisamment-le-refroidissement-arriver-provoquer-dans-les-aciers-au-manganse-primitivement-austnitiques-partiellement-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-image232614472.htmlRMRECE3M–. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. SÃANCE DU 9 JUILLET I917. 65 lamellaire en même temps que de la marlensile ou de l'auslénile, les amas de perlite présentant parfois les caractères morphologiques extérieurs habi- tuels de la troostite. Enfin, même en partant d'une haute température (i3oo"), on peut, en ralentissant suffisamment le refroidissement, arriver à provoquer, dans les aciers au manganèse primitivement austénitiques, partiellement. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned
![. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. SÃANCE DU 4 JUIN I917. ^^'j 2" Il y a donc des valeui-s critiques de la vitesse de refroidissement mar- quant le changement dans la position et l'allure de la transformation. 3° Lorsqu'il y a transformation à haute température, on obtient de la troostite, lorsqu'il n'y a transformation qu'à basse température, de la mirtensite. Dans les aciers autres que l'eutectique, la troostite est toujours accompagnée du constituant proeutectique. La discontinuité d'aspect entre la Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RECEED/comptes-rendus-hebdomadaires-des-sances-de-lacadmie-des-sciences-science-societies-etc-science-science-sance-du-4-juin-i917-j-2quot-il-y-a-donc-des-valeui-s-critiques-de-la-vitesse-de-refroidissement-mar-quant-le-changement-dans-la-position-et-lallure-de-la-transformation-3-lorsquil-y-a-transformation-haute-temprature-on-obtient-de-la-troostite-lorsquil-ny-a-transformation-qu-basse-temprature-de-la-mirtensite-dans-les-aciers-autres-que-leutectique-la-troostite-est-toujours-accompagne-du-constituant-proeutectique-la-discontinuit-daspect-entre-la-RECEED.jpg ". Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. SÃANCE DU 4 JUIN I917. ^^'j 2" Il y a donc des valeui-s critiques de la vitesse de refroidissement mar- quant le changement dans la position et l'allure de la transformation. 3° Lorsqu'il y a transformation à haute température, on obtient de la troostite, lorsqu'il n'y a transformation qu'à basse température, de la mirtensite. Dans les aciers autres que l'eutectique, la troostite est toujours accompagnée du constituant proeutectique. La discontinuité d'aspect entre la Stock Photo")
. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. SÃANCE DU 4 JUIN I917. ^^'j 2" Il y a donc des valeui-s critiques de la vitesse de refroidissement mar- quant le changement dans la position et l'allure de la transformation. 3° Lorsqu'il y a transformation à haute température, on obtient de la troostite, lorsqu'il n'y a transformation qu'à basse température, de la mirtensite. Dans les aciers autres que l'eutectique, la troostite est toujours accompagnée du constituant proeutectique. La discontinuité d'aspect entre la Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comptes-rendus-hebdomadaires-des-sances-de-lacadmie-des-sciences-science-societies-etc-science-science-sance-du-4-juin-i917-j-2quot-il-y-a-donc-des-valeui-s-critiques-de-la-vitesse-de-refroidissement-mar-quant-le-changement-dans-la-position-et-lallure-de-la-transformation-3-lorsquil-y-a-transformation-haute-temprature-on-obtient-de-la-troostite-lorsquil-ny-a-transformation-qu-basse-temprature-de-la-mirtensite-dans-les-aciers-autres-que-leutectique-la-troostite-est-toujours-accompagne-du-constituant-proeutectique-la-discontinuit-daspect-entre-la-image232614773.htmlRMRECEED–. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. SÃANCE DU 4 JUIN I917. ^^'j 2" Il y a donc des valeui-s critiques de la vitesse de refroidissement mar- quant le changement dans la position et l'allure de la transformation. 3° Lorsqu'il y a transformation à haute température, on obtient de la troostite, lorsqu'il n'y a transformation qu'à basse température, de la mirtensite. Dans les aciers autres que l'eutectique, la troostite est toujours accompagnée du constituant proeutectique. La discontinuité d'aspect entre la
. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. l-'ii;. â Gioss. : J.00. Fis Gross. : 5oo. la transformation à température élevée (perlite, troostite), le surplus res- tant non transformé (austénite) ou subissant à basse température la trans- formation qui amène la naissance de la martensite. L'étude des aciers spéciaux ainsi préparés a été interrompue en 1914; elle sera continuée ultérieurement. CHLMIE PHYSIQUE. â Siu' une méthode de détermination des poids moléculaires. Note de M. Edouard Urbaix, présent Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comptes-rendus-hebdomadaires-des-sances-de-lacadmie-des-sciences-science-societies-etc-science-science-l-ii-gioss-j00-fis-gross-5oo-la-transformation-temprature-leve-perlite-troostite-le-surplus-res-tant-non-transform-austnite-ou-subissant-basse-temprature-la-trans-formation-qui-amne-la-naissance-de-la-martensite-ltude-des-aciers-spciaux-ainsi-prpars-a-t-interrompue-en-1914-elle-sera-continue-ultrieurement-chlmie-physique-siu-une-mthode-de-dtermination-des-poids-molculaires-note-de-m-edouard-urbaix-prsent-image232614456.htmlRMRECE34–. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. l-'ii;. â Gioss. : J.00. Fis Gross. : 5oo. la transformation à température élevée (perlite, troostite), le surplus res- tant non transformé (austénite) ou subissant à basse température la trans- formation qui amène la naissance de la martensite. L'étude des aciers spéciaux ainsi préparés a été interrompue en 1914; elle sera continuée ultérieurement. CHLMIE PHYSIQUE. â Siu' une méthode de détermination des poids moléculaires. Note de M. Edouard Urbaix, présent
. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. 336 ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. Pour les aciers plus carbures, de 0,7 à i pour 100 de carbone {ftg. 3), la zone intermédiaire (à points A et B) prend une importance consi- Aciers au Manaanése G = 0.3 a 0 A °/ Aciers au Manaanèse C = 0.7i 10% LPo. M MnZ Ferrite » Perlite ou Troostile tensile FiK. Perlite TroosttciMartensite Troostite « Auslénits Kis. 3. dérable. A égalité de teneur en manganèse, la température du point A. Please note that these images are extracted from s Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comptes-rendus-hebdomadaires-des-sances-de-lacadmie-des-sciences-science-societies-etc-science-science-336-academie-des-sciences-pour-les-aciers-plus-carbures-de-07-i-pour-100-de-carbone-ftg-3-la-zone-intermdiaire-points-a-et-b-prend-une-importance-consi-aciers-au-manaanse-g-=-03-a-0-a-aciers-au-manaanse-c-=-07i-10-lpo-m-mnz-ferrite-perlite-ou-troostile-tensile-fik-perlite-troosttcimartensite-troostite-auslnits-kis-3-drable-a-galit-de-teneur-en-manganse-la-temprature-du-point-a-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-s-image232623808.htmlRMRECX14–. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. 336 ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. Pour les aciers plus carbures, de 0,7 à i pour 100 de carbone {ftg. 3), la zone intermédiaire (à points A et B) prend une importance consi- Aciers au Manaanése G = 0.3 a 0 A °/ Aciers au Manaanèse C = 0.7i 10% LPo. M MnZ Ferrite » Perlite ou Troostile tensile FiK. Perlite TroosttciMartensite Troostite « Auslénits Kis. 3. dérable. A égalité de teneur en manganèse, la température du point A. Please note that these images are extracted from s
. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. M MnZ Ferrite » Perlite ou Troostile tensile FiK. Perlite TroosttciMartensite Troostite « Auslénits Kis. 3. dérable. A égalité de teneur en manganèse, la température du point A. 0.2 OA OG 0 8 10 Carbone Z Fil;. 4- â OiagrainiTie des conslituaiUs des aciers au manganèse bicji iccuils : a, Perlile et ferrite ou céraenlite; b. Martensile; c. Marlensite et troostite; d. Austénitc; e. Auslcnilc et troostite. s'élève, alors que celle du point 13 s'abaisse. Enfin, on peut Stock Photohttps://www.alamy.com/image-license-details/?v=1https://www.alamy.com/comptes-rendus-hebdomadaires-des-sances-de-lacadmie-des-sciences-science-societies-etc-science-science-m-mnz-ferrite-perlite-ou-troostile-tensile-fik-perlite-troosttcimartensite-troostite-auslnits-kis-3-drable-a-galit-de-teneur-en-manganse-la-temprature-du-point-a-02-oa-og-0-8-10-carbone-z-fil-4-oiagrainitie-des-conslituaius-des-aciers-au-manganse-bicji-iccuils-a-perlile-et-ferrite-ou-craenlite-b-martensile-c-marlensite-et-troostite-d-austnitc-e-auslcnilc-et-troostite-slve-alors-que-celle-du-point-13-sabaisse-enfin-on-peut-image232623803.htmlRMRECX0Y–. Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. Science -- Societies, etc; Science; Science. M MnZ Ferrite » Perlite ou Troostile tensile FiK. Perlite TroosttciMartensite Troostite « Auslénits Kis. 3. dérable. A égalité de teneur en manganèse, la température du point A. 0.2 OA OG 0 8 10 Carbone Z Fil;. 4- â OiagrainiTie des conslituaiUs des aciers au manganèse bicji iccuils : a, Perlile et ferrite ou céraenlite; b. Martensile; c. Marlensite et troostite; d. Austénitc; e. Auslcnilc et troostite. s'élève, alors que celle du point 13 s'abaisse. Enfin, on peut
