. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. MAMMALS. 393 while in the ungulata vera they alternate. The subungulata also present considerable differences in the placental arrange- ments, allusion to which will be made below. Professor Cope, utilizing the characters presented by the carpal and tarsal bones, has proposed to divide the ungulates into five divisions, — Taxeopoda, Toxodontia, Proboscidia, Am- blypoda and Diplarthra, — his Taxeopoda, including not only forms usually recognized as ungulates, but the primates as well. Sub-Order i. Condylarthra (Mesodactyla).
Image details
Contributor:
The Book Worm / Alamy Stock PhotoImage ID:
RDPD61File size:
7.2 MB (148.5 KB Compressed download)Releases:
Model - no | Property - noDo I need a release?Dimensions:
1063 x 2351 px | 18 x 39.8 cm | 7.1 x 15.7 inches | 150dpiMore information:
This image is a public domain image, which means either that copyright has expired in the image or the copyright holder has waived their copyright. Alamy charges you a fee for access to the high resolution copy of the image.
This image could have imperfections as it’s either historical or reportage.
. Text book of vertebrate zoology. Vertebrates; Anatomy, Comparative. MAMMALS. 393 while in the ungulata vera they alternate. The subungulata also present considerable differences in the placental arrange- ments, allusion to which will be made below. Professor Cope, utilizing the characters presented by the carpal and tarsal bones, has proposed to divide the ungulates into five divisions, — Taxeopoda, Toxodontia, Proboscidia, Am- blypoda and Diplarthra, — his Taxeopoda, including not only forms usually recognized as ungulates, but the primates as well. Sub-Order i. Condylarthra (Mesodactyla). Extinct ungulates with five-toed, plantigrade feet; carpalia in straight rows, not alternating; femur with third trochanter, molars bunodont. The condylarthra are the most primitive of ungulates. From them have doubtless descended the ungulata vera, and, if the views of Cope be correct, the carnivores and primates as well. The group appears in the lowest eocene, and is especially well developed in the lower tertiaries of the western U. S. Four families, Periptychid^, PHENACODIDyE, MENISCOTHERHDyE, and PLEUR- aspidotheriid^ recognized, the latter from the eocene of France. Sub-Order 2. Perissodactyla (Solidungula). Unguligrade ungulates with the middle toe well developed, forming the axis of the foot, carpals alternating; astragalus with pulley-like surface for tibial articulation ; placenta diffuse. The perissodactyls, which walk upon the very tips of the toes, have the feet, as a rule, with the toes three or four in front and three behind ; but frequently only the third toe on either foot comes to complete development, the others be- ing very rudimentary. The dentition is usually complete, the molars being lophodont or rarely bunodont, while the premolars tend to resemble the molars. The femur (except in Chalicothe- Fig. 364. Fore foot of riuin) has a third trochanter, and the fibula does two-horned rhinoceros, Ate- not usually reach the calcaneum. The stomach lodus bicorn