. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Veterinary anatomy. 130 SKELETON OF THE OX vertebral fibro-cartilages) of the vertebral regions of a shorthorn cow of medium size: Cervical 50 cm. Thoracic ' 80 cm. Lumbar 40 cm. Sacral 25 cm. Coccygeal "5 cm. 270 cm. Variations.—Sometimes fom'teen thoracic vertebrie and fom'teen pairs of ribs are present; reduction to twelve with the normal number Tij 1. rp , J of lumbar vertebra; is very rare. According to iVc'c/c i ubercle Franck there are sometimes seven lumbar verte- brae with tlie normal number in the thoracic region. The number of coccygeal ve
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. The anatomy of the domestic animals. Veterinary anatomy. 130 SKELETON OF THE OX vertebral fibro-cartilages) of the vertebral regions of a shorthorn cow of medium size: Cervical 50 cm. Thoracic ' 80 cm. Lumbar 40 cm. Sacral 25 cm. Coccygeal "5 cm. 270 cm. Variations.—Sometimes fom'teen thoracic vertebrie and fom'teen pairs of ribs are present; reduction to twelve with the normal number Tij 1. rp , J of lumbar vertebra; is very rare. According to iVc'c/c i ubercle Franck there are sometimes seven lumbar verte- brae with tlie normal number in the thoracic region. The number of coccygeal vertebrae may Head '-^iBl^&^^^H^i. vary from sixteen to twenty-one. THE RIBS Anterior border-. Thirteen pairs of ribs are present normally, of which eight are sternal and five asternal. They are in general longer, wider, flatter, less curved, and less regular in form than in the horse. The eighth, ninth, and tenth are the longest and widest. The width of most of the ribs increases considerably in the middle, and Tubvrcle Head Neck Anterior border Sternal end Fig. 127.—Right Eighth Rib of Ox; Medial View. -Sternal end ? Cartilage Fig. 12S.—First Rib of Ox; Medial View. the breadth of the intercostal spaces is correspondingly diminished; this is not the case in the posterior part of the series, where the intercostal spaces are very wide.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. Sisson, Septimus, 1865-1924. Philadelphia, London, W. B. Saunders Company