. Theory of structures and strength of materials. BOWSTRING TRUSS. 619 drical tubes, but any suitable section may be adopted, and theinverted trough offers special facilities for the attachment ofverticals and diagonals. The tie is constructed on the same principles as those cm-ployed for other iron girders, but in its best form it consists offlat bars set on edge and connected with the shoes by gibs andcotters. B. The platform is suspended from the bow by means of ver-tical bars which are usually of an I section, and are set withthe greatest breadth transverse, so as to increase the resistanc
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. Theory of structures and strength of materials. BOWSTRING TRUSS. 619 drical tubes, but any suitable section may be adopted, and theinverted trough offers special facilities for the attachment ofverticals and diagonals. The tie is constructed on the same principles as those cm-ployed for other iron girders, but in its best form it consists offlat bars set on edge and connected with the shoes by gibs andcotters. B. The platform is suspended from the bow by means of ver-tical bars which are usually of an I section, and are set withthe greatest breadth transverse, so as to increase the resistanceto lateral flexure. In large bridges the webs of verticals anddiagonals may be lattice-work. If the load upon the girder is uniformly distributed andstationary, verticals only are required for its suspension, andthe neutral axis of the bow should be a parabola. An irregu-larly distributed load, such as that due to a passing train, tendsto change the shape of the bow, and diagonals are introducedto resist this tendency. A circular arc is often used instead of a parabola. To determine the stresses in the different members, assum-ing that the axis ABC of the top chord is a parabola: Let zv be the dead load per lineal foot. zv live / span of the girder. k greatest depth BD of the girder. Chord Stresses.—These stresses are greatest when the liveload covers the whole of the girder. The total load due to both d