. Urinary analysis and diagnosis by microscopical and chemical examination. than the latter, among which the bacillus subtilis, or hay bacillus, is com-mon. These bacilli are found to have a varying amount of motion, somebeing very active, others only slightly movable, and some without motion.Besides the single bacilli, the urine not infrequently contains threads,composed of individual rods—the leptothrix threads—which may bequite abundant. There are cases of chronic cystitis, in which the urine,when voided, contains leptothrix threads in large numbers, and in whichthe cystitis seems to be cau
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. Urinary analysis and diagnosis by microscopical and chemical examination. than the latter, among which the bacillus subtilis, or hay bacillus, is com-mon. These bacilli are found to have a varying amount of motion, somebeing very active, others only slightly movable, and some without motion.Besides the single bacilli, the urine not infrequently contains threads, composed of individual rods—the leptothrix threads—which may bequite abundant. There are cases of chronic cystitis, in which the urine, when voided, contains leptothrix threads in large numbers, and in whichthe cystitis seems to be caused by the leptothrix; these threads may lieupon as well as between the epithelia. In such cases whitish masses ofsmall size are found in the freshly voided, cloudy urine, and when exam-ined under the microscope are seen to consist of conglomerations of blad-der epithelia with many leptothrix threads. Cases of this kind may lastfor many years, and frequently recur in spite of all local treatment. //•/ • •. v..: /; . -.• r*x/> P%v7..-v;-^-v^v:. Fig. 77.—Schizomycetes ( X 500).B, Bacilli; St, streptococci; Sa, staphylococci; L, leptothrix; MU, Micrococcus urese;Z, zooglcea; S, sarcinae. Pathogenic Schizomycetes.—Among the pathogenic bacteria, themost important are undoubtedly the gonococci and tubercle bacilli, whichare not infrequently found in urine, and for which careful search must, when necessary, be made. For the detection of these, it will always benecessary to color the specimens, and the mode of procedure is the fol-lowing: Select the thickest portion of the urinary sediment, best ob-tained by the use of the centrifuge, or the filaments, if any are present, as will be the case in chronic gonorrhoea, and by means of a sterilized 152 URINARY ANALYSIS AND DIAGNOSIS. needle spread carefully over perfectly clean cover glasses, taking neverless than two, but preferably three or more. Allow the glasses to drythoroughly, and draw them through the flame of an alc