Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . ^^ -V^€i

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RM2AWW0GP–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . / .

RM2AWTK52–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . sa flocculent precipitate and carries down with the suspendedmatter much of the bacterial content. This is then filteredthrough sand and gravel. Sedimentation and filteringslowly through gravel and sand is known as the slow process;the other as the rapid, filtration. Charcoal sponge and asbestos, the materials formerly inuse, are objectionable because germs readily develop on themand clog them, so that they require frequent renewal. In EXAMINATION OF AIR, SOIL, AND WATE

RM2AWTX0H–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . psulatus (from photograph by ProfessorSiraon Flexner). but they were probably dealing with the Bacillus aerogenescapsulatus. Bacillus Enteritidis Sporogenes (Klein, 1895).—Re-garded as identical with B. aerogenes capsulatus {q. v.). Bacillus Chauvei.—Synonyms.—Bacillus of SymptomaticAnthrax (BoUinger and Feser); Rauschbrand (German); Char-bon symptomatique (Arloing, Cornevin, and Thomas). Origin.—This bacillus, described in 1879, has been isolated,and by animal inoculat

RM2AWX723–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . es imiting with one of them: c, Cell-receptor of thesecond order; d, toxophore or zymophorous group of the receptor; e,haptophore of the receptor; /, food substance or product of bacterialdisintegration uniting with the haptophore of the cell-receptor (Ehrlich). stream. Here they can combine with toxin molecules, justas when they are attached to the cell. By thus combining,they prevent the toxin from reaching the cells. Antitoxins are specific in their action; that is,

RM2AWWYR7–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . The tubes can be placed directly under the microscope forfurther examination of the colonies. Animals as Culture-media.—It isalmost impossible to separate certainorganisms, such as the tubercle bacil-lus and pneumococcus, from mixedcultures by ordinary plate methods,and the plan of producing the diseasein animals by inoculation, and thenobtaining the organism in pure cul-ture, has to be employed. Pure Cultures by Boiling.—Spored organisms may be separatedfrom others by

RM2AWTPKT–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . e thin portions of the smear. Thebody of the malarial parasite is stained blue, and its chromatina lilac to red color. The red cells are orange-pink. If possible, examinations for malarial organisms shouldalways be made before quinin is administered. Trypanosomata.—Trypanosomes are flagellate protozoafound in the blood of various animals, and causing a numberof diseases, such as surra, dourine, and nagana, affectinghorses and cattle, especially in tropical countries, an

RM2AWWHDP–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . osed to be dueto a peculiar arrangement of thealbumin and cellulose of the cell,rather than to any particular cap-sule around it. A waxy substance,made up of fatty acid, has beenfound and supposed to account forthis resistance. Others beheve thissubstance to be an alcohol. It will be necessary to describeonly those methods principally inuse; and as the examination ofsputum for bacilli is of so frequentan occurrence and so necessary, itis well to detail in particular the

RM2AWX86T–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . are called receptors, and are of many dif-ferent kinds, so as to fit them for combination with manydifferent varieties of extraneous groups. Three orders of receptors are described: Receptors of the firstorder, which concern themselves with the assimilation ofsimple substances (toxins, ferments, and other cell secre-tions), utilizing a single haptophore. Antitoxins, as anexample. Receptors of the second order, which, in addition to thehaptophore group, possess a second

RM2AWX565–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . cleaned our utensils and then nottaken care to protect them from further exposure, the germswe have sown will be effaced or contaminated by multitudesof others that are constantly about us. We, therefore, havetwo necessary precautions to take: First, thoroughly to clean and sterilize every object that entersinto, or in any way comes in contact with, the culture. Second, to maintain this degree of sterility throughout thewhole course of the growth, and prevent, by proper

RM2AWW03C–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . Themeningococcus is very sirmlar, but is easily cultivated and isnot apt to be foimd in the same secretions as the gonococcus. Micrococcus citreus, albicans, and subflavus, described byBumm, are all Gram positive and grow readily on gelatin andagar. The gonococcus is distinguished from all these similar micro-cocci by the tests enumerated above. These characteristics, taken in toto, form sufficient featuresfor its ready recognition, and as it is often a serious question

RM2AWTKAG–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . roduce the characteristic lesions. It has beendiscovered in all countries and in various organs of the body,although its place of election is about the lower jaw, where ittends to form hard, ulcerating abscesses, affecting otherorgans secondarily. Form.—In the granular masses of an abscess cylindric fila-ments are matted together, and radiating outward from thiszone are club-shaped branches, as the petals of an aster.(See Fig. 113.) In the center of the granule are nume

RM2AWWF3C–Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . ivitis, and in the throatsof unexposed normal individuals. Pseudodiphtheria.—The pseudobacillus of Hoffman is be-lieved by some investigators to be but a weakened diphtheriabacUIus that has lost its toxic power, but its true relation isnot settled. It is morphologically identical and at times isfound side by side with the true bacillus. It grows wellon agar, shows no granules with Neisser stain, and, contraryto B. dipMhericB, does not produce as much acid in dextrosebro

Essentials of bacteriology; being a concise and systematic introduction to the study of bacteria and allied microörganisms . ^^ -V^€i

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